Question 1

Describe a main purpose of Jacob Moreno's technique of sociometric analysis.

Accepted Answer

OB is the study of human behavior in the context of an organization and the purpose is to use this knowledge of human behavior to improve organizational performance.

Question 2

Two ideas that are primary to the organizational theory movement and that were prominent in the work of Chester Barnard were&#10;A)coordinating and communicating.&#10;B)decision making and organizational climate.&#10;C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.&#10;D)formal structures and informal structures.&#10;E)conflict management and change.

Accepted Answer

Coordinating and communicating were two primary ideas in the organizational theory movement and were also prominent in Chester Barnard's work. According to Barnard, coordination involves ensuring that all individual efforts are aligned towards the accomplishment of organizational goals, while communication involves transmitting information from one individual to another. These two ideas are critical for organizational effectiveness and efficiency.

Question 3

Bureaucratic principles include which of the following.&#10;A)A well-defined hierarchy of authority.&#10;B)Management sets the objectives and the workers cooperate in achieving them.&#10;C)Time and motion studies.&#10;D)Plan,organize,command.&#10;E)Unity of command.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

Two of the pioneers of the concept of group decision making that has become a central concept in OB are&#10;A)Kurt Lewin and Margaret Mead.&#10;B)Woodrow Wilson and Margaret Mead&#10;C)Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford.&#10;D)Woodrow Wilson and Kurt Lewin.&#10;E)Henri Fayol and Frederick Taylor.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin is widely recognized for his contributions to social, organizational, and applied psychology, particularly in the areas of leadership, group dynamics, and organizational development, which are central to the concept of group decision making in organizational behavior (OB). Margaret Mead, although primarily an anthropologist, made significant contributions to understanding how cultures influence personality and social dynamics, which indirectly relate to group decision-making processes.

Question 5

In your own words,define Organizational Behavior OB).Include in your answer the purpose of OB.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In your own words,define Organizational Behavior OB).Include...

Question 6

The main differences)between Scientific Management or Taylorism and Classical Organization Theory was that Classical Theory focused on__________,whereas Scientific Management focused mainly on ______________.

A)the whole organization; the individual worker
B)management rights; worker rights
C)the exception principle; breaking jobs down into small steps
D)bureaucratic principles; the scalar principle
E)a,b,and d are correct.

Accepted Answer

Classical Organization Theory focused on the overall functioning of the organization, including structure, hierarchy, and division of labor, whereas Scientific Management focused on improving the efficiency of individual workers through methods such as time and motion studies and breaking down tasks into smaller steps. The other options mentioned are either not accurate or not distinguishing factors between the two theories.

Question 7

Two concepts that came out of the Western Electric Studies that influenced the Human Relations movement were&#10;A)coordinating and communicating.&#10;B)motivation and group dynamics.&#10;C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.&#10;D)personnel relations and autonomy.&#10;E)sociometry and coordinating.

Accepted Answer

The Western Electric Studies found that motivation and group dynamics had a significant impact on productivity, which became key concepts in the Human Relations movement. While coordinating and communicating were also important, they did not have as direct an influence on the development of the Human Relations movement as motivation and group dynamics did. The other options, such as the scalar principle and sociometry, were also studied during the Western Electric Studies, but they did not have the same level of impact on the Human Relations movement as motivation and group dynamics.

Question 8

The definition of exception principle&#10;A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.&#10;B)concerns line and staff,in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.&#10;C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.&#10;D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.&#10;E)states that as workers become better at their jobs,they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Accepted Answer

The exception principle suggests that managers should focus on handling only the exceptional cases in their departments and delegate routine decisions to their subordinates. Therefore, decisions that can be routinized should be delegated. Choices A, B, D, and E do not accurately describe the exception principle.

Question 9

The definition of scalar principle&#10;A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.&#10;B)concerns line and staff,in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.&#10;C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.&#10;D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.&#10;E)states that as workers become better at their jobs,they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Accepted Answer

Scalar principle is also known as the principle of scalar chain. It suggests that there should be a clear line of authority and responsibility in an organization. The authority should flow from the topmost position to the lowest levels. This means that every employee should know who their superior is, and who they report to. This principle helps in avoiding confusion and ensuring that the communication channels are clear. Option B best describes the scalar principle, as it talks about the direct flow of authority and responsibility from the top to the bottom of the organization.

Question 10

The father of Scientific Management was&#10;A)Max Weber.&#10;B)Henri Fayol.&#10;C)Frederick Taylor.&#10;D)Ellwood Cubberley.&#10;E)Frank Gilbreth.

Accepted Answer

Frederick Taylor is widely considered to be the father of Scientific Management. He developed the principles of scientific management, which focused on improving efficiency and productivity through careful analysis and standardization of work processes.

Question 11

Select the main differences)in the contributions of Henri Fayol when compared to Frederick Taylor.&#10;A)Fayol focused primarily on management's responsibilities,whereas Taylor focused on the workers.&#10;B)Fayol emphasized flexibility in applying principles of management,rather than strict application of principles.&#10;C)Fayol suggested that management should establish strict methods for selecting workers and training them for specific jobs.&#10;D)Fayol suggested that management should attempt to establish positive morale in the organization.&#10;E)A,b,and d are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select the main differences)in the contributions of...

Deck 3: Mainstreams of Organizational Thought