Deck 16: Population-Centered Nursing in Rural and Urban Environments

Question 1

A Nurse builds a vacation home in a remote area having fewer than six people per square mile so he can "get away from it all." This area is classified as a:

A) Standard metropolitan statistical area
B) Metropolitan county
C) Frontier
D) Rural area

Answer 1

Frontier

Question 2

The percentage of U.S. residents living in rural settings is about:

A) 5%
B) 15%
C) 25%
D) 40%

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

Rurality is a subjective concept because:

A) Everyone has an idea as to what constitutes rural as opposed to urban residence.
B) The differences between rural and urban areas are very distinct.
C) The Red Cross Rural Nursing Service no longer exists.
D) The demographic and social characteristics of urban people are similar.

Answer 3

Everyone has an idea as to what constitutes rural as opposed to urban residence.

Question 4

Native Alaskans may need specialized community nursing care related to:

A) Exposure to petroleum products
B) Farmer's lung
C) Field sanitation
D) Black lung, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 5

Health care initiatives are focusing on cutting costs while improving access to care for all citizens. Two models have been found to be particularly useful in rural environments. One of them is the case management model. This model:

A) Provides a client-professional partnership
B) Is effective for delivering accessible care to medically underserved areas
C) Defines the characteristics of a community
D) Evaluates rural programs and reports them to federal officials

Question 6

A nurse who practices in rural settings has many challenges. The characteristics of nursing practice in rural environments include:

A) Variety/diversity in clinical experiences
B) Faster pace
C) Less independence/autonomy
D) Abundant resources

Question 7

Few empirical studies on rural nursing practice have been done. Most of what exits consists of anecdotal reports by nurses. Which of the following is an area of research that may be of importance to nursing practice?

A) Information about residents living in the intermountain and Midwestern regions
B) Information on the stressors and rewards of rural practice
C) Studies related to moving from rural environments to urban ones
D) Studies about the effects of air pollution

Question 8

Farm residency usually refers to:

A) Regions that have fewer than six persons per square mile
B) Residency outside areas zoned as "city limits," usually implying involvement in agriculture
C) Counties in metro areas with fewer than 1 million people
D) Areas adjacent to highly populated cities

Question 9

Compared with urban Americans, rural residents:

A) Are more likely to engage in preventive health behavior
B) Are less likely to be exposed to occupational and environmental hazards
C) Have a higher rate of chronic illness
D) Rate their overall health status more favorably

Question 10

Which of the following statements about rural populations in comparison with urban populations is correct?

A) Rural communities have a higher-than-average number of residents between 6 and 17 years of age.
B) Rural areas have a lower proportion of residents over 65 years of age.
C) Adults in rural areas are less likely to be, or to have been, married.
D) Adults in rural areas have more years of formal education.

Question 11

Healthy People 2010 has a companion guide, Rural Healthy People 2010, that includes national objectives related to rural health. This focuses on:

A) Providing data on rural environments
B) Improving health for vulnerable populations
C) Dictating policy to local officials in rural areas
D) Translating national objectives to achievable community objectives

Question 12

The ability of a person to identify a usual source of care is considered a favorable indicator of access to health care. Which of the following is true about rural care?

A) Rural adults are less likely to identify a particular medical provider.
B) Rural adults are more likely to see general practitioners and advanced practice nurses than their urban counterparts.
C) Rural adults are more likely to seek medical treatment from a specialist than those in urban areas.
D) Rural adults usually have to travel an average of 60 minutes to see a provider.

Question 13

In comparison with urban adults, rural adults:

A) Seek medical care more often
B) Have poorer overall health status
C) Are less likely to identify a usual source of medical care
D) Are usually seen by a specialist rather than a general practitioner

Question 14

Which of the following groups are overrepresented in rural areas (approximately 82%) when compared with 62% in metropolitan areas?

A) African-Americans
B) Asian-Pacific Islanders
C) Caucasians
D) Native Americans

Question 15

Community-oriented nursing needs vary by community. However, there are prevailing needs in most rural areas, especially the following:

A) Occupational health
B) Acute hospital care
C) Emergency care services
D) Psychiatric in-patient care

Question 16

Which of the following is true about seeking medical care in rural environments?

A) Fewer rural adults seek medical care than urban adults.
B) There is no access to care in rural areas.
C) Poor adults in urban areas have less access to care.
D) Rural adults do not want to seek care.

Question 17

Stress, stress-related conditions, and mental illnesses are prevalent among populations when severe economic difficulties exist. Your client is suffering from stress related to the depressed lumber industry in his county. This may be called:

A) Manic-depression
B) Psychosis
C) Anticipatory grieving
D) Farm stress

Question 18

Limitations in mobility and self-care are strong indicators of an individual's overall health status. Which of the following is true about rural adults?

A) Rural adults under 65 year of age are more likely to assess their health status as fair to poor.
B) A greater percentage of rural adults have chronic health problems.
C) Rural adults are less concerned about their health.
D) More rural adults experience mobility limitations than do metropolitan adults.

Question 19

Although each rural community is unique, the experience of living in a rural area has several common characteristics. Commonly, barriers to health care may be associated with these characteristics. A common barrier to care is:

A) New roads
B) Inadequate provider attitudes and understanding about rural populations
C) Short distances to health care facilities
D) Available specialists

Question 20

Pregnancy outcomes vary from one part of the country to another, even within states. The women who are particularly at risk are:

A) Latinos who live in urban environments
B) Caucasian women who live in remote areas
C) Those who live on or near Indian reservations, migrant workers, and African-American women who live in the deep South
D) Those who seek health from general practitioners

Question 21

There are a significant number of at-risk minority groups in rural America who have some distinct concerns. The rural homeless may be seasonal farm workers and their families. Which of the following are health care needs that require nursing skills? Select all that apply.

A) Field sanitation
B) Infectious diseases
C) Maternal care services
D) Oral/dental care
E) None of the above

Question 22

Rural residents prefer and usually seek help through:

A) Civic clubs
B) Mental health clinics
C) Social service agencies
D) Health departments

Question 23

Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practice in rural environments?

A) Anonymity
B) Less autonomy
C) Professional isolation
D) Faster pace

Question 24

Which of the following are characteristics of rural life? Select all that apply.

A) Lack of anonymity
B) Higher prevalence of high-risk occupations
C) Churches and schools as socialization centers
D) Preference for interacting with outsiders

Question 25

The rural residents described by the researcher from the University of Montana judged their health by their ability to:

A) Work and be productive
B) Maintain social ties
C) Perform activities of daily living
D) Avoid hospitalizations