Deck 4: Antipsychotic Drugs: Major Tranquilizers and Thymic Stabilizers

Question 1

The symptoms of schizophrenia have been classified as:

A)emotional symptoms and thought symptoms.
B)deductive symptoms and inferential symptoms.
C)introverted symptoms and extroverted symptoms.
D)positive symptoms and negative symptoms.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The single best predictor of antipsychotic efficacy in a drug is an affinity for ________ receptors.

A)dopamine-1
B)dopamine-2
C)serotonin-1
D)serotonin-2

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Phenothiazines are in the class of antipsychotics known as:

A)first-generation neuroleptics.
B)second-generation neuroleptics.
C)atypical antipsychotics.
D)second-generation antipsychotics.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Haloperidol (Haldol)is an example of a(n)________ drug.

A)second-generation neuroleptic
B)antipsychotic
C)atypical neuroleptic
D)first-generation neuroleptic

Question 5

The results of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies suggest that,compared to FGAs:

A)the SGAs are more effective and expensive.
B)the SGAs are equally effective but less expensive.
C)the SGAs are more effective but less expensive.
D)the SGAs are equally effective but more expensive.

Question 6

The traditional view of antipsychotic drug activity involves:

A)activation of dopamine-1 receptors.
B)blockade of dopamine-1 receptors.
C)activation of dopamine-2 receptors.
D)blockade of dopamine-2 receptors.

Question 7

Clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics affect both _________ and ________ receptors.

A)serotonin; acetylcholine
B)glutaminergic; serotonin
C)dopamine; glutaminergic
D)dopamine; serotonin

Question 8

The remarkable decline in the number of schizophrenic patients forced to reside in mental hospitals began during the:

A)1890s.
B)last century.
C)1950s.
D)1980s.

Question 9

Blockade of ________ receptors is associated with extrapyramidal side effects of classical antipsychotic drugs; blockade of ________ receptors is associated with the efficacy of classical antipsychotic drugs.

A)dopamine-1; dopamine-2
B)dopamine-2; dopamine-1
C)dopamine-1; dopamine-1
D)dopamine-2; dopamine-2

Question 10

The distinguishing characteristic between "neuroleptic" antipsychotics and "atypical" antipsychotics is:

A)neuroleptics produce a calming effect; atypical antipsychotics don't.
B)neuroleptics affect only positive symptoms; atypical antipsychotics only affect negative
C)neuroleptics affect mostly negative symptoms; atypical antipsychotics affect both positive and
D)neuroleptics produce marked extrapyramidal side effects; atypical antipsychotics don't.

Question 11

Compared to the FGAs,the atypical antipsychotics have:

A)greater affinity for D2 receptors.
B)greater affinity for D1 receptors.
C)less affinity for D2 receptors.
D)less affinity for D1 receptors.

Question 12

The major side effect of the classic antipsychotics suggest that schizophrenia results from:

A)under-activity of the serotonergic system.
B)over-activity of the serotonergic system.
C)under-activity of the dopaminergic system.
D)over-activity of the dopaminergic system.

Question 13

The classical antipsychotic drugs produce side effects resembling:

A)Huntington's disease.
B)Alzheimer's disease.
C)Parkinson's disease.
D)Addison's disease.

Question 14

Schizophrenia is best described as:

A)a mood disorder.
B)a disease of neural connectivity.
C)an affective disorder.
D)a behavioral disorder.

Question 15

Clozapine is an example of a(n)________; compared to FGAs,it has greater effect at the ________ receptor.

A)neuroleptic antipsychotic; dopamine
B)classical antipsychotic; dopamine
C)atypical antipsychotic; dopamine
D)atypical antipsychotic; serotonin

Question 16

The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia:

A)encompass the entire range of human mental activity.
B)are limited to disordered thought.
C)are limited to markedly altered emotion.
D)encompass only selected cognitive systems.

Question 17

In addition to dopamine receptors,the atypical antipsychotics also affect the following receptor(s):

A)norepinephrine.
B)serotonin.
C)histamine.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

In addition to its use in treating schizophrenia,the phenothiazines were useful in the past in treating:

A)nausea.
B)severe itching.
C)premature ejaculation.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Haldol and Clozaril are examples of a ________ and ________,respectively.

A)FGA; SGA
B)FGA; FGA
C)SGA; SGA
D)SGA; FGA

Question 20

Blockade of the following receptor type produces schizophrenia-like behaviors:

A)serotonin-2.
B)dopamine-2.
C)dopamine-1.
D)NMDA.

Question 21

Schizophrenia is not associated with physical abnormalities in brain structure.

Question 22

Long-term treatment with the phenothiazines produces:

A)tolerance.
B)physical dependence.
C)psychological dependence.
D)None of the answers are correct.

Question 23

The antipsychotic Abilify has been approved as an adjunctive treatment for:

A)ADHD.
B)anxiety.
C)depression.
D)schizophrenia.

Question 24

The acute extrapyramidal side effect(s)of neuroleptic drugs is(are):

A)akathisia.
B)dystonia.
C)parkinsonism.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 25

Increases in symptoms of psychosis and Parkinson-like movement disorders are both related to increased blockade of dopamine receptors.

Question 26

The atypical antipsychotic olanzapine is also approved for the treatment of:

A)depression.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)bipolar disorder.

Question 27

The third-generation antipsychotic aripiprazole is unique in that it acts,in part,as a:

A)dopamine-2 antagonist.
B)serotonin-2 antagonist.
C)dopamine-4 antagonist.
D)dopamine-2 partial agonist.

Question 28

The most serious form of movement disorder produced by neuroleptic agents is:

A)akathisia.
B)dystonia.
C)parkinsonism.
D)tardive dyskinesia.

Question 29

The syndrome of agitation,constant pacing and rocking back and forth produced by acute treatment with neuroleptic agents,is called:

A)akathisia.
B)dystonia.
C)parkinsonism.
D)tardive dyskinesia.

Question 31

Novel pharmacological approach to treating cognitive deficits and negative symptoms via nicotinic cholinergic agents have been remarkably successful.

Question 32

Agranulocytosis (loss of white blood cells)has been associated with use of the antipsychotic

A)haloperidol.
B)phenothiazines.
C)clozapine.
D)loxapine.

Question 33

The bizarre postures of the limbs,face,and tongue produced by acute treatment with neuroleptic agents are called:

A)akathisia.
B)dystonia.
C)parkinsonism.
D)tardive dyskinesia.

Question 34

The only antipsychotic effective in treating so-called "treatment-resistant" schizophrenics is:

A)haldol.
B)phenothiazines.
C)clozapine.
D)loxapine.

Question 35

There is a strong correlation between dopamine-2 receptor blockade and extrapyramidal side effects.

Question 36

The neuroleptic that can be administered safely to patients with primary parkinsonism is:

A)haloperidol.
B)phenothiazines.
C)clozapine.
D)molindone.

Question 37

Haloperidol's mechanism of action is:

A)stimulation of dopamine-2 receptors.
B)blockade of dopamine-2 receptors.
C)stimulation of dopamine-1 receptors.
D)blockade of dopamine-1 receptors.

Question 38

The antipsychotic drug recently receiving FDA approval for the treatment of irritability associated with autism is:

A)haloperidol.
B)phenothiazines.
C)clozapine.
D)risperidone.

Question 39

Studies suggest that the NMDA receptor may be supersensitive/hyperfunctional in schizophrenia.

Question 40

Tardive dyskinesia occurs in roughly ________ of patients and is ________.

A)1 percent; always reversible
B)1 percent; often irreversible
C)20 percent; always reversible
D)20 percent; often irreversible

Question 41

The atypical antipsychotic ziprasidone,unlike clozapine,stimulates:

A)D1 receptors.
B)D2 receptors.
C)5-HT1A receptors.
D)5-HT2 receptors.

Question 42

One hallmark of an atypical antipsychotic is the near absence of extrapyramidal side effects.

Question 43

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids appear to prevent/delay schizophrenia in young people with subthreshold psychotic states.

Question 44

Clozapine (Clozaril)is an example of a first-generation neuroleptic.

Question 45

The first-generation antipsychotics are most effective against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 46

It is now understood that all second-generation antipsychotics produce better outcomes than first-generation antipsychotics.

Question 47

Like clozapine and other atypical antipsychotics,amisulpride blocks serotonin-2 receptors.

Question 48

Injectable,long-acting forms of Risperdone and its metabolite have been approved for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia,respectively.

Question 49

Neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia may be irreversible.

Question 50

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine relieves negative but not positive symptoms.

Question 51

A novel approach to testing FGA-associated movement disorders is blockade of the transporter for the storage vesicles in DA neurons.

Question 52

SGAs are less effective than FGAs in augmenting antidepressant drug treatment.

Question 53

Blockade of serotonin receptors may be beneficial in antipsychotic efficacy.

Question 54

At therapeutic doses,clozapine has greater actions on serotonin receptors than dopamine receptors.

Question 55

Stimulation of NMDA receptors results in schizophrenic-like behaviors.

Question 56

There is a strong correlation between dopamine-2 receptor blockade and antipsychotic efficacy.

Question 57

SGAs are considered "traditional" antipsychotic agents.