Deck 14: Evaluating Commercial Loan Requests and Managing Credit Risk

Question 1

All of the following are sources of cash except:

A) an increase in long-term debt.
B) a decrease in inventory.
C) a new equity issue.
D) a decrease in notes payable.
E) an increase in accounts payable.

Answer 1

a decrease in notes payable.

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of the essential issues in evaluating commercial loan requests?

A) The structure of the borrower's board of directors.
B) The character of the borrower.
C) The use of the loan proceeds.
D) The source of repayment for the loan.
E) The amount the customer needs to borrow.

Answer 2

The structure of the borrower's board of directors.

Question 3

Firms may need cash for all of the following except:

A) operating purposes.
B) pay taxes.
C) pay employee salaries.
D) pay overdue suppliers.
E) liquidate fixed assets.

Answer 3

liquidate fixed assets.

Question 4

All of the following would be generally be considered acceptable commercial loan purposes except:

A) seasonal cash needs.
B) paying off other bank debts.
C) purchasing new equipment.
D) acquiring another firm.
E) expanding plant capacity.

Question 5

A firm has the following financial statement data: Sales = $1,000, COGS = $400, Operating Expenses = $200, and Taxes = $200. What is the firm's profit margin?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
E) 60%

Question 6

A firm's mix of debt and equity is measured by:

A) liquidity ratios.
B) market value ratios.
C) profitability ratios.
D) activity ratios.
E) leverage ratios.

Question 7

Short-term working capital loans are generally repaid with funds from:

A) investing cash flows.
B) issuing new debt.
C) reductions in inventory and receivables.
D) issuing new equity
E) redeeming marketable securities.

Question 8

Cash flows from a firm's normal business activities are reflected in:

A) cash flows from investing.
B) cash flows from financing.
C) cash flows from operations.
D) cash flows from income.
E) cash flows from budgeting.

Question 9

Term loans are generally repaid with funds from:

A) investing cash flows.
B) issuing new debt.
C) reductions in inventory and receivables.
D) cash flows from operations.
E) redeeming marketable securities.

Question 10

Common size financial statements convert figures to a common size by:

A) dividing balance sheet items by total assets and income statement items by net income.
B) dividing balance sheet items by net sales and income statement items by net income.
C) dividing balance sheet items by total assets and income statement items by net sales.
D) dividing balance sheet items by net sales and income statement items by total assets.
E) dividing balance sheet items by total equity and income statement items by net sales.

Question 11

All of the following are basic sources of cash flows except:

A) liquidating assets.
B) cash flows from operations.
C) issuing new equity.
D) liquidating liabilities.
E) issuing new debt.

Question 12

A firm has the following financial statement data: Sales = $2,000, COGS = $800, Operating Expenses = $600, and Taxes = $400. What is the firm's profit margin?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
E) 60%

Question 13

How efficiently a firm is using its assets is measured by:

A) liquidity ratios.
B) market value ratios.
C) profitability ratios.
D) activity ratios.
E) leverage ratios.

Question 14

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What were Dylan's cash receipts during the year?

A) $307,000,000
B) $320,000,000
C) $323,000,000
D) $424,000,000
E) $482,000,000

Question 15

A firm's ability to meet its short-term debt obligations is measured by:

A) liquidity ratios.
B) market value ratios.
C) profitability ratios.
D) activity ratios.
E) leverage ratios.

Question 16

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What is Dylan's cash flow from operations?

A) -$2,874,000
B) $8,126,000
C) $12,210,000
D) $19,126,000
E) $23,210,000

Question 17

Which of the following is not part of the four-stage process for evaluating the financial aspects of commercial loans?

A) An analysis of the firm's management, operations, and industry.
B) Performing financial ratio analysis.
C) Analyze the firm's cash flow.
D) Examining the backgrounds of the sales force.
E) Project the borrower's financial condition.

Question 18

Which financial ratio measures a firm's ability to pay current interest and lease payments with current earnings?

A) Fixed charge coverage ratio
B) Return on equity
C) Current ratio
D) Inventory turnover
E) Debt to total assets ratio

Question 19

Which of the following is not a use of cash?

A) A decrease in accounts payable
B) An increase in inventory
C) An increase in accounts receivable
D) The payment of cash dividends
E) An increase in wages payable

Question 20

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What is Dylan's current ratio for the current year?

A) 1.36
B) 1.44
C) 1.58
D) 1.68
E) 1.71

Question 21

In loan participations, the _____ makes the original loan and sells participations.

A) lead bank
B) interbank
C) loan production office
D) holding firm
E) originate bank

Question 22

Every balance sheet and income statement item must be recognized on a cash-based income statement.

Question 23

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What is Dylan's equity multiplier for the current year?

A) 0.30
B) 0.63
C) 1.52
D) 2.67
E) 3.33

Question 24

A firm's borrowing base is:

A) based on cash flow from operations.
B) a measure of long-term profit potential.
C) the amount of the firm's unused credit.
D) an estimate of the available collateral on a company's current assets.
E) a measure of net fixed assets.

Question 25

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-Next year, sales at Dylan are expected to increase by 10%. Also next year, the dividend payout ratio will not change, while gross profit, operating profit, net income, current assets and current liabilities will be the same percentage of sales as the current year. If the firm issues no new common stock, what will be the addition to retained earnings next year?

A) $1,112,000
B) $2,746,200
C) $3,200,000
D) $4,884,000
E) $5,372,400

Question 26

Many bankers focus on eliminating the error of denying a loan to a customer who ultimately would repay the debt.

Question 27

Financial statements that have been audited are guaranteed to be 100% accurate.

Question 28

Common size ratio comparisons enable comparisons across firms in the same industry.

Question 29

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What is Dylan's return on equity for the current year?

A) 3.8%
B) 5.1%
C) 5.4%
D) 12.6%
E) 13.3%

Question 30

Many banks have changed their business model to a _____________ model.

A) originate-to-keep
B) originate-to-service
C) originate-to-pay
D) originate-to-lead
E) originate-to-distribute

Question 31

At a minimum, cash flow from operations should cover:

A) interest on long-term debt.
B) dividends plus mandatory principal payments on debt.
C) capital expenditures plus dividends.
D) the change in marketable securities.
E) dividends plus interest.

Question 32

A low days inventory on hand and a high inventory turnover relative to industry norms indicates less efficient inventory management and/or more liquidity.

Question 33

Negative cash flow will automatically eliminate the possibility that a bank will loan a firm funds.

Question 34

A firm generally should not count on collateral as the primary source of payment.

Question 35

On the cash-based income statement, depreciation is a source of funds.

Question 36

The change in Net Fixed Assets equals:

A) capital expenditures minus depreciation.
B) capital expenditures plus depreciation.
C) capital expenditures minus cash flow from operations.
D) Gross fixed assets minus depreciation.
E) Gross fixed assets minus cash purchases.

Question 37

Which of the following would cause a firm's ROE to be high, but its ROA to be low?

A) A low gross profit margin but a high net profit margin.
B) Financing a relatively large proportion of assets with equity.
C) Paying very low interest rates on the firm's debts.
D) Leasing a large amount of equipment.
E) Financing a relatively large proportion of assets with debt.

Question 38

A borrower making a changing their accountant could be viewed as a negative signal regarding the borrower's condition.

Question 39

Use the following information on Dylan Enterprises for questions 20 - 26.
$\begin{array}{lr}\text { Income statement }\\\text { Net Sales } & \$ 320,000,000 \\\text { Less: Cost of Goods Sold } & \$ 162,000,000\\\text { Gross Profit } & \$ 158,000,000 \\\text { Less: Operating Expenses } & \$ 120,000,000 \\\text { Less: Depreciation } & \$ 11,000,000\\\text { Operating Profit } & \$ 27,000,000 \\\text { Less: Interest Expense } & \$ 8,500,000\\\text { Net Profit Before Taxes } & \$ 18,500,000 \\\text { Less: Taxes } & \$ 6,290,000\\\text { Net Income }&\$12,210,000\\\\\text { Earnings Available to Common } & \$ 12,210,000 \\\text { Dividends Paid (60\% of EAC) } & \$ 7,326,000\\\text { Addition to Retained Earnings }&\$4,884,000\\\\\text { Earnings Per Share }&\$6.11\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{lrrr}&\text { Balance sheet }\\\text { Assets } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Cash } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,000,000 & (\$ 1,500,000)\\\text { Marketable Securities } & \$ 1,500,000 & \$ 3,200,000 & (\$ 1,700,000) \\\text { Accounts Receivable } & \$ 57,000,000 & \$ 44,000,000 & \$ 13,000,000 \\\text { Inventory } & \$ 106,000,000 & \$ 99,000,000 & \$ 7,000,000 \\\text { Pre-Paid Expenses } & \$ 8,400,000 & \$ 11,000,000 & (\$ 2,600,000)\\\text { Total Current Assets } & \$ 174,400,000 & \$ 160,200,000 & \$ 14,200,000 \\\text { Long-Term Assets } & \$ 148,000,000 & \$ 154,000,000 & (\$ 6,000,000)\\\text { Total Assets }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\\\\\text { Liabilities } & \text { Current Year } & \text { Prior Year } & \text { Change } \\\text { Accounts Payable } & \$ 8,716,000 & \$ 6,400,000 & \$ 2,316,000\\\text { Short-Term Debt } & \$ 102,000,000 & \$ 105,000,000 & (\$ 3,000,000) \\ \text { Total Current Liabilities } & \$ 110,716,000 & \$ 111,400,000 & (\$ 684,000) \\\text { Long-Term Debt }(8 \%) & \$ 115,000,000 & \$ 111,000,000 & \$ 4,000,000\\\text { Total Liabilities } & \$ 225,716,000 & \$ 222,400,000 & \$ 3,316,000 \\\text { Common Stock (\$1 Par) } & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 2,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Paid-In Capital } & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 65,000,000 & \$ 0 \\\text { Retained Earnings } & \$ 29,684,000 & \$ 24,800,000 & \$ 4,884,000\\\text { Total Equity }&\$96,684,000&\$91,800,000&\$4,884,000\\\text { Total Liabilities and Equity }&\$322,400,000&\$314,200,000&\$8,200,000\end{array}$

-What is Dylan's return on assets for the current year?

A) 3.8%
B) 5.1%
C) 5.4%
D) 12.6%

Question 40

Under which category are dividends classified on the statement of cash flows?

A) Cash From Investing Activities
B) Cash From Operating Activities
C) Cash From Financing Activities
D) Cash From Profit Activities
E) None of the above

Question 41

What are the five generally accepted credit events that can trigger a payment from the seller of a credit default swap to the buyer?

Question 42

Can a firm continue to operate for extended periods of time with negative cash flows from investing? Cash flows from financing? Cash flows from operations? Why or why not?

Question 43

Pro forma analysis is a form of sensitivity analysis.

Question 44

Why is it important to compute pro forma common size balance sheets and income statements when evaluating a commercial loan?

Question 45

Explain how sensitivity analysis assists in evaluating commercial loan requests.

Question 46

Explain how an increase in days inventory on hand and an increase in days accounts payable outstanding would impact a firm's operating cash flow.

Question 47

Discuss which is more expensive for a bank: Extending credit to a customer who ultimately defaults, or denying credit to a customer who would have paid the bank back.