Deck 11: Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

Question 1

While the conduct problems of some youth diminish with age, many children with conduct disorder continue to violate social norms in adolescence and adulthood in a pattern called _____ behavior.

A) transient antisocial
B) infantile-onset antisocial
C) adolescent-onset antisocial
D) life-course-persistent antisocial

Answer 1

life-course-persistent antisocial

Question 2

Alan is 12 years old and often stays out late at night despite his parents grounding him; he also runs away from home, stays out overnight, and often doesn't go to school. These behaviors are all criteria for conduct disorder under _____.

A) aggression toward people and animals
B) destruction of property
C) deceitfulness or theft
D) serious violations of rules

Answer 2

serious violations of rules

Question 3

Lucas bullies other kids, initiates fights, and has date raped his girlfriend. These behaviors are criteria for conduct disorder under _____.

A) aggression toward people and animals
B) destruction of property
C) deceitfulness or theft
D) serious violations of rules

Answer 3

aggression toward people and animals

Question 4

Approximately _____ percent of individuals diagnosed with childhood-onset conduct disorder are also diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder as adults.

A) 35-40
B) 50-55
C) 65-75
D) 75-85

Question 5

Approximately _____ percent of children and adolescents have a diagnosis of conduct disorder.

A) 3-7
B) 10-14
C) 18-22
D) 25-29

Question 6

The DSM-5 criterion for conduct disorder involves several categories of behaviors. Which of the following is NOT a category of criteria?

A) Aggression toward people and animals
B) Destruction of property
C) Deceitfulness or theft
D) Argumentative/defiant behaviors

Question 7

Approximately _____ percent of individuals diagnosed with childhood-onset conduct disorder are chronically unemployed, have a history of unstable relationships, and frequently engage in impulsive physical aggression or abuse their spouse.

A) 33-44
B) 50-55
C) 66-70
D) 75-85

Question 8

Melvin has broken into someone's car, cons others, and has shoplifted several times before. These behaviors are criteria for conduct disorder under _____.

A) aggression toward people and animals
B) destruction of property
C) deceitfulness or theft
D) serious violations of rules

Question 9

Limited prosocial emotions, like lack of remorse or guilt for ones actions, lack of empathy, and lack of concern for performance at school or work, are specifiers for _____ disorder in the DSM-5.

A) conduct
B) oppositional defiance
C) communication
D) antisocial personality

Question 10

Ted Bundy was found guilty of abducting, raping and murdering young women. He was considered a serial killer as well as _____.

A) someone who was a sociopath
B) someone who has a oppositional personality
C) someone who suffered some traumatic brain injury
D) someone who exists in a fugue state

Question 11

Approximately _____ percent of individuals diagnosed with childhood-onset conduct disorder engage in criminal behavior and drug abuse as teens.

A) 25
B) 33
C) 50
D) 66

Question 12

Which behavioral disorder among adolescents and children is characterized by a chronic pattern of unconcern for the basic rights of others?

A) Conduct disorder
B) Oppositional defiant disorder
C) Communication disorder
D) Antisocial personality disorder

Question 13

Hugo is cunning, charismatic, and sadistic. He never accepts responsibility for his actions and blames his illegal activities on watching violent porn as a child. He most likely _____.

A) is a sociopath
B) suffers from social anxiety disorder
C) displays traits of the avoidant personality type
D) is severely intellectually disabled

Question 14

Sam is aggressive to people, destroys his neighbor's property, and constantly steals and lies to his parents and others. Sam is likely to have a _____.

A) conduct disorder
B) oppositional defiant disorder
C) neurocognitive disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 15

Logan showed behavioral problems in preschool, and they only seem to have gotten worse as he grew older. An assessment revealed that he is more likely to continue to engage in antisocial behaviors into adulthood then kids who developed the behavioral patterns at a later age, a pattern called:

A) transient antisocial behavior.
B) infantile-onset antisocial behavior.
C) adolescent-onset antisocial behavior.
D) life-course-persistent antisocial behavior.

Question 16

What percentage of children diagnosed with conduct disorder are eventually diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder as adults?

A) Between 20 and 25 percent
B) Between 15 and 35 percent
C) Between 35 and 40 percent
D) Between 40 and 50 percent

Question 17

Individuals labeled as either a sociopath or a _______ share symptoms with the DSM-5 diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder.

A) psychopath
B) sadist
C) masochist
D) Machiavellian

Question 18

In the DSM-5, conduct disorder is now required to be specified based on:

A) the age of onset.
B) the gender of the child.
C) if torture to animals is a factor.
D) if there is a sexual component to the behavior.

Question 19

Lack of remorse or guilt for ones actions and lack of concern for performance at school or work as well as shallow emotions demonstrates:

A) callousness.
B) blame of others.
C) limited prosocial emotions.
D) deficient affect.

Question 20

Pete showed behavioral problems in preschool, and they seem to have gotten worse as he grew older. Now that he is in fourth grade, his behavior has become increasingly problematic. His pediatrician suspects that he has a:

A) transient antisocial behavior.
B) childhood-onset conduct disorder.
C) adolescent-onset conduct disorder.
D) life-course-persistent antisocial behavior.

Question 21

Nadia excludes a few girls from play, gossips about them, and gangs up with her friends to cyber bully them. These are examples of _____.

A) passive opposition
B) physical aggression
C) relational aggression
D) repressed belligerence

Question 22

One of the abnormal genes seen in children with conduct disorders is the _____ gene, which regulates the neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.

A) MAOA
B) 5-HTT
C) BRACA
D) apoE4

Question 23

Oppositional defiant disorder differs from conduct disorder in that in oppositional defiant disorder children tend to:

A) be aggressive toward animals.
B) be chronically negativistic.
C) show deceitfulness or a pattern of theft.
D) show a pattern of property destruction.

Question 24

Children who have been diagnosed with conduct disorder:

A) have a faster heart rate than children without the disorder.
B) are more physiologically aroused when confronted with stressors.
C) show abnormal cortisol levels both at rest and in response to a stressor.
D) are no more likely to have been exposed to toxins and drugs than other children.

Question 25

In terms of conduct disorder, _____.

A) girls are more likely to engage in deceitful behavior than boys
B) boys are more likely to engage in substance abuse than girls
C) girls tend to show high rates of depression as adolescents and adults
D) boys are more likely to engage in stealing and lying as children and adolescents

Question 26

Tristan's peers described him as being resentful of others, touchy, and having a short temper. These are characteristics of the oppositional defiant disorder under the _____ criterion.

A) angry/irritable mood
B) vindictiveness
C) deceitfulness or theft
D) argumentative/defiant behaviors

Question 27

Children with oppositional defiant disorder show abnormalities in the _____.

A) amygdala
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) fornix

Question 28

Oppositional defiant disorder:

A) tends to be found in only few, specific cultures.
B) often manifests for the first time during adolescence.
C) is common among most children who develop conduct disorder at a later age.
D) is equally likely in both boys and girls, though boys tend to be less aggressive.

Question 29

A child diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder is most likely to:

A) torture small animals.
B) blame others for their own mistakes.
C) engage in stealing and lying.
D) destroy property.

Question 30

Humberto often loses his temper, argues with his teacher and parents, and his parents report that he is vindictive. He is not aggressive toward others of his age nor does he shoplift or steal. Humberto is likely to have a _____ disorder.

A) conduct
B) oppositional defiant
C) avoidant personality
D) antisocial personality

Question 31

Deliberately annoying peers, blaming others for one's mistakes, and refusing to do what is asked by parents or teachers are examples of the _____ criterion for oppositional defiant disorder?

A) angry/irritable mood
B) vindictiveness
C) deceitfulness or theft
D) argumentative/defiant behavior

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true regarding the biological factors involved in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder?

A) Neuroimaging studies show abnormalities in the functioning of the anterior cingulate, an area of the brain involved in responding to emotional stimuli.
B) Neuroimaging studies show that children with biological disorder show more amygdala activity in response to emotional stimuli.
C) Children diagnosed with conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder show that they process emotional cues the same way healthy children do.
D) Children with conduct disorder are no more likely than healthy children to have deficits in tasks that measure planning and organizing ability.

Question 33

In terms of antisocial behavior, girls appear to engage in _____, such as excluding their peers, gossiping about them, and colluding with others to damage the social status of their targets, more so than boys.

A) passive opposition
B) physical violence
C) relational aggression
D) repressed belligerence

Question 34

Tyrell appears to be deliberately annoying the other kids in his class and blames others for his mistakes. He refuses to do what his teachers tell him to do. His mom reports that he is sometimes sweet and other times rude, but he appears to get angry easily. Tyrell is likely to have a _____ disorder.

A) conduct
B) oppositional defiant
C) avoidant personality
D) antisocial personality

Question 35

Oppositional defiant disorder has a high rate of comorbidity with _____.

A) ADHD
B) mood disorders
C) eurinesis
D) somatoform disorders

Question 36

The DSM-5 criteria for oppositional defiant disorder involve several categories of behaviors. Which of the following is NOT a category of criteria?

A) Angry/irritable mood
B) Vindictiveness
C) Deceitfulness or theft
D) Argumentative/defiant behaviors

Question 37

Gossiping, cyber bullying, and getting others to ostracize someone are all behaviors that exemplify:

A) passive aggression.
B) physical violence.
C) relational aggression.
D) physical aggression.

Question 38

Some researchers argue that antisocial behavior in girls isn't rare, it just takes another forms such as:

A) passive opposition.
B) physical aggression.
C) relational aggression.
D) repressed belligerence.

Question 39

Which of the following is true with regard to gender differences in oppositional defiant disorder?

A) Boys and girls are equally likely to be diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder.
B) Boys with oppositional defiant disorder are more likely to be physically aggressive.
C) Boys with oppositional defiant disorder are more likely than girls with oppositional defiant disorder to abuse substances.
D) Girls with oppositional defiant disorder are more likely than boys with oppositional defiant disorder to engage in stealing and lying.

Question 40

Children with conduct disorder are:

A) more likely to be the only child.
B) more likely to have fathers with a history of depression.
C) more likely to have parents with antisocial behaviors.
D) no more likely than other children to come from broken families.

Question 41

Dodge and Pettit developed a model of how aggressive children process information differently from others. They argue that aggressive children are more likely to:

A) expect others to be aggressive and attribute neutral behaviors to aggressive intent.
B) consider a wide variety of possible reactions to others behaviors.
C) generate numerous responses to problems.
D) perceive external stimuli as safe and encouraging.

Question 42

If a therapist and a child are discussing how to respond to another child that has cut in line in the cafeteria, the therapist is in the stage of helping the child:

A) recognize situations that trigger anger or aggressive impulses.
B) analyze their thoughts in stressful situations.
C) consider different interpretations of events/behaviors.
D) develop adaptive problem solving skills.

Question 43

Mauricio is in a bar with his friends when someone bumps into the stool his girlfriend is sitting on. He perceives this as a direct affront to his machismo and that the other man wants to fight. According to Dodge and Pettit, the primary issue is with Mauricio's:

A) response selection.
B) perception of provocation.
C) search for response options.
D) action.

Question 44

Which of the following parenting styles is likely to increase a child's vulnerability to conduct disorder?

A) Parents who physically abuse their children
B) Parent who are overprotective of their children
C) Parents who exert excessive control over their children
D) Parents who do not attempt to discipline their children

Question 45

One long-standing theory is that aggressiveness, such as that shown by people with antisocial personality disorder, is linked to the hormone _____.

A) testosterone
B) dopamine
C) adrenaline
D) cortisol

Question 46

As babies, children who develop conduct disorder tend to have been _____, at least as reported by their parents.

A) passive and receptive to discipline
B) extremely rational
C) difficult
D) non-communicative

Question 47

Which of the following factors may account for the higher rate of conduct disturbances in boys than in girls?

A) Girls tend to be more passive and receptive to disciplinary efforts.
B) Boys are less responsive to punishment and other forms of discipline.
C) Parents are more likely to physically punish boys severely than girls.
D) Parents are more likely to be concerned about their daughters than their sons.

Question 48

In a study in rural North Carolina, researchers found that in Native American children:

A) as income increased for families, conduct disorders decreased.
B) no relation between an increase of family income and conduct disorders.
C) as income decreased, conduct disorders decreased as well.
D) income increases only decreased conduct disorders in the Native American kids.

Question 49

Tabitha's school counselor observed her at recess and later pointed out situations where she acted aggressively or misbehaved. The counselor is in the stage of teaching her to:

A) recognize situations that trigger anger or aggressive impulses.
B) learn to analyze their thoughts in these situations.
C) consider different interpretations of events/behaviors.
D) develop adaptive problem solving skills.

Question 50

Most psychotherapies for conduct disorder are _____ in focus and aim to change children's ways of interpreting interpersonal interactions.

A) psychodynamic
B) humanistic
C) cognitive-behavioral
D) existential

Question 51

Suzanne has been diagnosed with conduct disorder. Her therapist has been teaching her to talk to herself when she is faced with difficult situations. By repeating phrases that help to calm her down and control her impulsive behaviors, she learns to avoid reacting negatively to situations. Which technique is Suzanne's therapist using?

A) Back-talk
B) Private speech
C) Self-talk
D) Group therapy

Question 52

Zain has had a delinquency issue since he was a young child; he moves in with Noelle who has no symptoms of conduct disorder. It is likely that:

A) he is unlikely to grow out of his antisocial behaviors.
B) he is likely to cease his delinquent acts permanently.
C) he is likely to influence her to show the same behavior as his.
D) she begins to display antisocial behavior and aggression.

Question 53

The Dodge and Pettit model of aggressive thinking suggests that a cycle of interaction builds aggressive, antisocial behavior. Which of the following best reflects the order of this cycle?

A) Perception, attribution, response search, response selection, action
B) Attribution, perception, response selection, action, response search
C) Action, attribution, explanation, perception
D) Attribution, action, perception

Question 54

The first step in cognitive-behavioral therapy is to teach the child to:

A) recognize situations that trigger anger or aggressive impulses.
B) learn to analyze their thoughts in stressful situations.
C) consider different interpretations of events/behaviors.
D) develop adaptive problem-solving skills.

Question 55

Research has shown that young men with high levels of _____ in their blood are more likely to commit violent crimes compared to other young men with more normal levels.

A) dopamine
B) GABA
C) serotonin
D) norepinepherine

Question 56

Research has shown that males with high levels of the hormone _____ are more likely to demonstrate aggressive behavior than males with lower levels of the hormone.

A) adrenaline
B) glucose
C) testosterone
D) luteinising hormone

Question 57

Individuals with antisocial tendencies:

A) rarely grow out of their behaviors.
B) are capable of ending their delinquent acts permanently.
C) do not show a tendency to choose mates with similar tendencies.
D) only form relationships with individuals who show cognitive disturbances.

Question 58

Which of the following statements is true regarding the cognitive factors involved in children with conduct disorder?

A) They tend to assume that other people are weak and submissive.
B) They tend to be naïve about the world and turn to submission as a way of coping.
C) They consider a narrow range of responses to perceived provocation by others.
D) Their aggression is reinforced when they receive positive acknowledgement for good behavior.

Question 59

Her teachers and peers consider Lily aggressive. While walking down the hall at school, she is accidentally bumped by another child. She assumes that the other girl bumped her on purpose and meant to provoke a fight. According to Dodge and Pettit, the primary issue is with Lily's:

A) response selection.
B) perception of provocation.
C) search for response options.
D) action.

Question 60

Conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder are found more frequently in children from _____ .

A) lower socioeconomic classes and rural areas
B) higher socioeconomic classes and urban areas
C) lower socioeconomic classes and urban areas
D) higher socioeconomic classes and rural areas

Question 61

Tobias's therapist has been working with his parents to develop a system of reinforcement and punishment to control his aggressive behaviors. His therapist is taking a _____ approach.

A) cognitive
B) psychodynamic
C) humanistic
D) behavioral

Question 62

All of the following statements are true regarding people with antisocial personality disorder EXCEPT:

A) low arousal may lead to reduced fear in response to threatening situations.
B) deficits in verbal skills and in the executive functions of the brain.
C) abnormalities functioning of the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain.
D) high levels of self-monitoring and self-awareness.

Question 63

According to Eysenck (1994), chronic low arousal is an uncomfortable state and leads to stimulation seeking. The direction stimulation seeking takes-toward antisocial activities or toward more neutral activities-may primarily depend on:

A) the socioeconomic status of the individuals' families.
B) the level of education individuals has achieved.
C) the cultural background of individuals.
D) the reinforcement individuals receive for their behaviors.

Question 64

Raine, et al. (2000) found reductions in the volume of the _____ in both women and men with antisocial personality disorder.

A) fornix
B) hypothalamus
C) hippocampus
D) prefrontal cortex

Question 65

Epidemiological studies have indicated that antisocial personality disorder is one of the most common personality disorders, with approximately _____ percent of the general population being diagnosed with the disorder at some time in their lives.

A) 1
B) 4
C) 10
D) 12

Question 66

Estella's therapist has her repeat phrases to help her avoid reacting negatively to situations. Her therapist's use of self-talk is trying to:

A) teach her to recognize situations that trigger anger or aggressive impulses.
B) teach her to learn to analyze their thoughts in these situations.
C) teach her to control impulsive behaviors.
D) teach her to develop adaptive problem solving skills.

Question 67

Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to poor impulse control and aggression in people diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder?

A) Acetylcholine
B) Norepinephrine
C) Serotonin
D) Dopamine

Question 68

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

A) behaviors that violate basic social norms and values.
B) deceitful behavior such as repeated lying or conning others for profit or pleasure.
C) indifference to the pain and suffering they have caused others.
D) anhedonia-a generalized lack of interest in anything in life.

Question 69

Studies have found that antisocial adults have abnormal levels of functioning in the:

A) fornix.
B) hypothalamus.
C) hippocampus.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Question 70

Tony takes pleasure in running people off the bicycle path with his bicycle. He says, "It doesn't matter if people get hurt, they just need to get out of my way." Tony shows no remorse when his actions hurt others. He is most likely exhibiting symptoms of the _____.

A) borderline personality disorder
B) schizoid personality disorder
C) antisocial personality disorder
D) avoidant personality disorder

Question 71

Which of the following statements is true regarding drug therapies for conduct disorder?

A) Within the United States and Canada, physicians are banned from prescribing stimulants to children with conduct disorder.
B) SSRIs and SNRIs increase irritability when prescribed for children with conduct disorder.
C) Traditional antipsychotic medications, such as Haldol and Mellaril, have been used to treat children with conduct disorder, with some success.
D) A meta-analysis of clinical trials found that stimulants are only slightly effective in relieving ADHD symptoms in children with conduct disorder.

Question 72

Twin studies find that the concordance rate for antisocial behaviors is nearly _____ percent in monozygotic twins.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Question 73

Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for executive functions?

A) Amygdala
B) Hypothalamus
C) Hippocampus
D) Prefrontal cortex

Question 74

Raine, et al. (2000) found that differences in the brains between males and females with antisocial personality disorder accounted for the differences in the number of antisocial symptoms they had. Specifically, it was differences in the volume of the:

A) fornix.
B) hypothalamus.
C) hippocampus.
D) prefrontal cortex.

Question 75

As many as _____ percent of people with antisocial personality disorder also abuse alcohol and illicit drugs.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 76

Many children with antisocial tendencies:

A) are actually docile but learn aggressive behaviors from their peers.
B) have grown up in families that are overprotective and overinvolved.
C) enter social interactions with the assumption that other children are submissive.
D) have experienced harsh and inconsistent parenting and physical abuse.

Question 77

Antisocial personality disorder tends to have high comorbidity with _____.

A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) schizophrenia
D) substance abuse

Question 78

Which of the following statements is true regarding psychopathy?

A) People with psychopathy have never been able to achieve professional success.
B) When they need to, people with psychopathy can be gracious and cheerful.
C) Almost all people with psychopathy are unable to maintain an outward appearance of normality.
D) People with psychopathy often lack intellectual abilities and can't execute neurocognitive functions.

Question 79

People with antisocial personality disorder:

A) have a low tolerance for frustration and often act impetuously.
B) do not experience impairment in social and occupational functioning.
C) tend to be overly cautious in matters pertaining to their well-being and safety.
D) enjoy the routine aspects of their lives and are distressed when this routine is disturbed.

Question 80

Dahlia's therapist has her keep a diary of her feelings and behaviors. They then discuss hypothetical situations and how she would react. Her therapist is trying to:

A) teach her to recognize situations that trigger anger or aggressive impulses.
B) teach her to learn to analyze their thoughts in these situations.
C) teach her to consider different interpretations of events/behaviors.
D) teach her adaptive problem solving skills.