Deck 14: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Question 1

Which is not a category of schizophrenia symptoms?

A) positive
B) negative
C) psychomotor
D) neuromotor

Answer 1

neuromotor

Question 2

Which socioeconomic class has the highest annual prevalence of schizophrenia?

A) upper
B) lower
C) middle
D) lower-middle

Answer 2

lower

Question 3

The _____ is the foundation for present biochemical explanations of schizophrenia.

A) polygenic theory
B) diathesis-stress theory
C) family pedigree theory
D) dopamine hypothesis

Answer 3

dopamine hypothesis

Question 4

Studies have found that if one identical twin experiences schizophrenia, the other twin has a _____ chance of also experiencing the disorder.

A) 10 percent
B) three percent
C) one percent
D) 48 percent

Question 5

Many people with schizophrenia develop _____, ideas that they believe wholeheartedly but that have no basis in fact.

A) illusions
B) hallucinations
C) delusions
D) myths

Question 6

The psychomotor symptoms for schizophrenia may take certain extreme forms, collectively called:

A) hebephrenia.
B) catatonia.
C) alogia.
D) progromia.

Question 7

Circumstantial evidence for the _____ theory comes from the unusually large number of people with schizophrenia born during the winter.

A) prenatal
B) diathesis-stress
C) viral
D) family pedigree

Question 8

Which disorder is associated with the presence of schizophrenia symptoms that last less than one month?

A) psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition
B) substance-induced psychotic disorder
C) schizophreniform disorder
D) brief psychotic disorder

Question 9

A person who suffers from a mental illness and also abuses substances may be labeled as a mentally ill chemical abuser (MICA), which is also known as a _____ patient.

A) multi-prevalent
B) dual axis
C) multiaxial
D) dual diagnosis

Question 10

Individuals who are trying to recover from schizophrenia are almost four times more likely to relapse if they live with a family that has high levels of:

A) conflict.
B) serotonin.
C) expressed emotion.
D) depression.

Question 11

Schizophrenia usually first appears between the person's _____ and mid-thirties.

A) early childhood
B) late teens
C) early twenties
D) early teens

Question 12

In some cases people with schizophrenia may have _____, a general lack of pleasure or enjoyment.

A) anhedonia
B) avolition
C) alogia
D) flat affect

Question 13

_____ are the most common formal thought disorders experienced by people suffering from schizophrenia.

A) Clang
B) Neologisms
C) Loose associations
D) Perseveration

Question 14

People with schizophrenia often display _____, a reduction in speech or speech content.

A) loss of volition
B) alogia
C) avolition
D) derailment

Question 15

Sigmund Freud believed that people with schizophrenia regress to the early developmental stage of primary:

A) narcissism.
B) depression.
C) anxiety.
D) existentialism.

Question 16

_____ hallucinations are by far the most common type in schizophrenia.

A) Olfactory
B) Paranoid
C) Visual
D) Auditory

Question 17

People with _____ believe their feelings, thoughts, and actions are being controlled by other people.

A) loose associations
B) delusions of reference
C) delusions of control
D) derailment

Question 18

Which marital status is associated with higher rates of schizophrenia?

A) single
B) divorced or separated
C) widowed
D) married

Question 19

The term schizophrenia is a combination of the Greek words that mean "_____ mind."

A) split
B) void
C) absent
D) wrong

Question 20

The DSM-5 requires that continuous signs of schizophrenia be present for at least _____ month(s).

A) one
B) three
C) four
D) six

Question 21

Andrea Yates suffered from _____ psychosis.

A) temporary
B) prodromal
C) anxiety
D) postpartum

Question 22

Which disorder is characterized by marked symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder?

A) schizoaffective disorder
B) schizophreniform disorder
C) brief psychotic disorder
D) shared psychotic disorder

Question 23

Which statement is true of the prevalence of schizophrenia in men and women?

A) Men are usually diagnosed with schizophrenia before the age of 15, while women are usually diagnosed after the age of 30.
B) Men are diagnosed with schizophrenia far more often than are women.
C) Equal numbers of men and women receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia.
D) Women tend to have much higher rates of schizophrenia, which is theoretically related to the higher levels of estrogen in their blood.

Question 24

While the _____ symptoms of schizophrenia respond well to conventional antipsychotic drugs, the _____ symptoms respond best to atypical antipsychotic drugs.

A) negative; positive
B) emotional; psychomotor
C) positive; negative
D) linguistic; perceptual

Question 25

A loss of contact with reality is called a:

A) delusion.
B) hallucination.
C) psychosis.
D) flat affect.

Question 26

Inappropriate affect, the experiencing of emotions that are unsuited to a situation, is classified as a _____ symptom of schizophrenia.

A) neurological
B) negative
C) avolitional
D) positive

Question 27

Approximately one of every _____ people in the world suffers from schizophrenia during his or her lifetime.

A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 100

Question 28

The concept of the schizophrenogenic mother, which suggests that schizophrenia is caused by cold, domineering, and uninterested mothers, was suggested by:

A) Sigmund Freud.
B) Frieda Fromm-Reichmann.
C) Aaron Beck.
D) Eugen Bleuler.

Question 29

Many people with schizophrenia have enlarged _____, the brain cavities that contain cerebrospinal fluid.

A) frontal lobes
B) ventricles
C) cerebellums
D) parietal lobes

Question 30

Delusions of _____ are the most common type of delusions in schizophrenia.

A) persecution
B) paranoia
C) grandeur
D) reference

Question 31

Researchers have found more blood flow in _____ area of the brain in patients experiencing auditory hallucinations.

A) Broca's
B) Wernicke's
C) hippocampal
D) hypothalamic

Question 32

People with schizophrenia who may maintain physical postures and resist being moved are said to be displaying:

A) catatonic stupor.
B) catatonic excitement.
C) catatonic rigidity.
D) avolition.

Question 33

The group of antihistamine drugs that became the first group of effective antipsychotic medications was called:

A) phenothiazines.
B) anti-inflammatories.
C) beta blockers.
D) benzodiazepines.

Question 34

Individuals with schizophrenia sometimes make up words that have meaning only for them. These words are called:

A) ideations.
B) grandeur.
C) paranoia.
D) neologisms.

Question 35

The _____ theory suggests that schizophrenia causes victims to fall from a higher to a lower socioeconomic level or to remain poor because they are unable to function effectively.

A) labeling
B) social deviance
C) downward drift
D) diathesis-stress

Question 36

_____ are perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli.

A) Neologisms
B) Derailments
C) Delusions
D) Hallucinations

Question 37

People with schizophrenia experience _____, a loss of contact with reality.

A) anxiety
B) neurosis
C) depression
D) psychosis

Question 38

In the famous 1973 study by Rosenhan, eight normal people presented themselves at various mental hospitals complaining that they had been hearing voices utter all but one of the following words. Which word did they say the voices did NOT utter?

A) hollow
B) empty
C) thud
D) snap

Question 39

The famous clinical theorist _____ argued that schizophrenia is actually a constructive process in which people try to cure themselves of the confusion and unhappiness caused by their social environments.

A) R. D. Laing
B) Drew Stauter
C) Emil Kraepelin
D) Stefan Friedemann

Question 40

The _____ phase of schizophrenia involves a lessening of the active phase.

A) predromal
B) premorbid
C) residual
D) peridromal

Question 41

Which statement is NOT true of mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs)?

A) MICA is overdiagnosed because the drug abuse is often overemphasized.
B) MICAs tend to remain homeless longer than other homeless people without this diagnosis.
C) Traditional forms of therapy often don't work for this complex problem.
D) MICAs are most often young and male.

Question 42

Downward drift is BEST reflected in which statement?

A) Poverty and social disruption cause schizophrenia.
B) Schizophrenia causes people to fall into poverty and social disruption.
C) Genetic factors cause both schizophrenia and poverty.
D) Schizophrenia causes marital disruption, which causes poverty.

Question 43

Researchers estimate that about what percent of homeless individuals are identifiable as MICAs (mentally ill chemical abusers)?

A) less than 5 percent
B) 10 to 20 percent
C) about one-third (33 percent)
D) almost half (50 percent)

Question 44

Psychosis means:

A) split personality.
B) loss of contact with reality.
C) brain seizures.
D) drug abuse.

Question 45

A middle-aged individual shows many of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and at the same time often appears profoundly depressed. The symptoms have lasted almost a year. This is an example of:

A) shared psychotic disorder.
B) undifferentiated type of schizophrenia.
C) schizophreniform disorder.
D) schizoaffective disorder.

Question 46

Millie sees pretty colored butterflies on all the walls. She also hears gentle music, which is not actually there. The presence of these behaviors illustrates _____ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A) active
B) positive
C) negative
D) psychomotor

Question 47

The term schizophrenia is derived from the Greek for:

A) split mind.
B) frantic mind.
C) multiple personality.
D) hysterical demeanor.

Question 48

A person acts extremely jealous all the time and complains bitterly whenever other people appear to be getting more attention. This has been going on for a couple of months, and the person shows no other substantial symptoms. The BEST diagnosis, assuming the extreme jealousy has no basis in fact, is:

A) delusional disorder.
B) schizophreniform disorder.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) brief psychotic disorder.

Question 49

In general, the problems that mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs) face in terms of diagnosis and treatment are:

A) about equal to the problems faced by people with severe mental illnesses.
B) about equal to the problems faced by people with chemical abuse disorders.
C) less than those faced by either by people with severe mental disorders or chemical abuse disorders.
D) more than those faced by either people with severe mental disorders or chemical abuse disorders.

Question 50

The main difference between hallucinations and delusions is that:

A) hallucinations are more serious than delusions.
B) hallucinations involve perception and delusions involve belief.
C) hallucinations are more common early in the disorder and delusions more common later.
D) hallucinations are auditory and delusions are visual.

Question 51

Delusions, disorganized thinking and speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, and inappropriate affect are examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A) positive
B) negative
C) cognitive
D) ineffective

Question 52

What percentage of the world population is estimated to have schizophrenia?

A) 0.05 percent
B) 1 percent
C) 5 percent
D) 10 percent

Question 53

Which is NOT consistent with the most common pattern of schizophrenia?

A) Women develop the disorder earlier and more severely than men.
B) There is a significant risk of suicide attempt-about 25 percent.
C) There is a higher incidence in lower than upper socioeconomic groups.
D) There is about a 1 percent risk of developing schizophrenia in a lifetime, worldwide.

Question 54

Schizophrenia is found in all socioeconomic classes. However, it is MOST likely to be found in someone from a:

A) lower socioeconomic level.
B) middle socioeconomic level.
C) professional socioeconomic level.
D) privileged (wealthy) socioeconomic level.

Question 55

"Insects make me itch. My brother collects them; he is 5 feet 10 inches tall. That's my favorite number. I dance and draw." Such speech illustrates which type of symptom of schizophrenia?

A) positive
B) negative
C) delusional
D) hallucinatory

Question 56

Rosa is sure that her family is planning to kidnap her and take her inheritance. She has found her husband talking on the phone in whispers and seen her children looking at her strangely. Rosa is MOST likely suffering from:

A) delusions of grandeur.
B) delusions of reference.
C) delusions of control.
D) delusions of persecution.

Question 57

A young adult used LSD and now experiences hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. This would be referred to as:

A) brief psychotic disorder.
B) substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder.
C) psychotic disorder due to another medical condition.
D) schizoaffective disorder.

Question 58

What kinds of treatment programs seem to work best for mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs)?

A) short-term, individualized, comprehensive therapy
B) short-term, individualized, more traditional forms of therapy
C) long-term, individualized, comprehensive therapy
D) long-term, individualized, more traditional forms of therapy

Question 59

Antonio believes that the anchor on the evening television news is speaking directly and personally to him. He even goes to the television studio to talk to the anchor. Antonio is suffering from:

A) delusions of persecution.
B) delusions of grandeur.
C) delusions of reference.
D) delusions of control.

Question 60

For the first two weeks after starting college, a student can't seem to talk coherently and is generally unresponsive to the moods of other students in the same dorm. Soon, the student resumes normal patterns of speaking and social interaction. This is an example of:

A) schizoaffective disorder.
B) catatonic schizophrenia.
C) schizophreniform disorder.
D) brief psychotic disorder.

Question 61

I sit staring at a blank page, unable to make myself write a new multiple-choice test item; I just don't seem to care. My behavior is like that of people with schizophrenia displaying the symptom called:

A) avolition.
B) ahedonia.
C) inappropriate affect.
D) flat affect.

Question 62

A person with schizophrenia who hears all the animals around her making plans to get her ready for the ball, and comes to think of herself as Cinderella, is experiencing a(n) _____ hallucination and a delusion of _____.

A) auditory; grandeur
B) tactile; control
C) olfactory; reference
D) gustatory, persecution

Question 63

Shelly is sitting on the couch with her husband and children when suddenly she smells smoke. However, no one else can smell the smoke and there is no fire. What is she experiencing?

A) auditory hallucinations
B) olfactory hallucinations
C) visual hallucinations
D) somatic hallucinations

Question 64

An emergency medical technician (EMT) arrives at the scene of a bad car accident and calmly prepares a severely injured passenger for transport to a hospital while others at the scene are screaming and crying with fear and grief. The EMT's training has resulted in behavior similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:

A) ahedonia.
B) poverty of speech.
C) blunted affect.
D) flat affect.

Question 65

When Janice drinks her milk, she is sure from the taste that someone put salt in it. Janice is most likely experiencing a(n) _____ hallucination.

A) somatic
B) auditory
C) olfactory
D) gustatory

Question 66

A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:

A) poverty of speech.
B) blunted or flat affect.
C) loss of volition.
D) social withdrawal.

Question 67

Which is a somatic hallucination?

A) That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along.
B) That butterfly is growing so much it is as big as the house.
C) There are invisible bugs crawling under my skin.
D) My intestines are a mass of wiggling worms.

Question 68

Which is a tactile hallucination?

A) That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along.
B) That butterfly is growing so much it is as big as the house.
C) There are invisible bugs crawling under my tingling skin.
D) My intestines are a mass of wriggling worms.

Question 69

Poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal are all examples of _____ symptoms of schizophrenia.

A) positive
B) negative
C) hallucinatory
D) psychomotor

Question 70

Research with those experiencing auditory hallucinations has NOT demonstrated

A) increased blood flow in Broca's area.
B) increased activity in the brain's hearing center.
C) movement of the oval window of the cochlea.
D) increased activity near the brain's surface.

Question 71

The MOST common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is:

A) visual.
B) tactile.
C) auditory.
D) olfactory.

Question 72

"I am the Virgin Mary, and I've come to give birth to a new savior," says someone experiencing:

A) delusions of reference.
B) delusions of persecution.
C) delusions of grandeur.
D) delusions of control.

Question 73

The decrease in the fluency and productivity of speech that is seen in schizophrenia is specifically termed:

A) alogia.
B) blocking.
C) avolition.
D) catatonia.

Question 74

If someone had the delusion of being an animal, the person MOST likely would be experiencing:

A) negative symptoms.
B) lycanthropy.
C) loose associations.
D) loss of avolition.

Question 75

A person with schizophrenia who says, "It's cold today. My cold is better but I got it from the nurse. She is a blonde who lives in Manhattan. I live in Manhattan with Jimmy Carter," is experiencing:

A) loose associations.
B) neologisms.
C) perseveration.
D) clang.

Question 76

If you could "get inside the head" of a person experiencing auditory hallucinations, you would MOST likely find that:

A) the person actually produces nerve signals of sound in his brain.
B) the person knows that the hallucinations are fictional.
C) hallucinations and delusions are coded in the same place in the person's brain.
D) the person is aware of auditory hallucinations but not aware of other types of hallucinations.

Question 77

In the middle of a calm conversation, a person with Tourette's syndrome might suddenly begin shouting and follow that with a string of obscenities. This is similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:

A) blunted and flat affect.
B) inappropriate affect.
C) poverty of speech.
D) loss of volition.

Question 78

Armand does not feel much emotion and does not really want to do anything. He has also completely withdrawn from his friends and family. The presence of these behaviors illustrates _____ schizophrenia.

A) active
B) positive
C) negative
D) psychomotor

Question 79

A person with schizophrenia who laughs when told sad news and screams in situations that most people see as warm and tender is experiencing:

A) cognitive distortion.
B) delusions of control.
C) inappropriate affect.
D) olfactory hallucination

Question 80

Which is an example of the MOST common type of hallucination?

A) That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along.
B) That butterfly is growing so much it is as big as the house.
C) There are invisible bugs crawling under my skin.
D) My intestines are a mass of wiggling worms.