Deck 7: Working Class: Estranged From Entitlement

Question 1

In recent years,labor union membership has

A)become even more popular due to positive media images of unions
B)encountered punitive responses to union protests by management and government
C)experienced high union fees
D)received encouragement to increase the number of unions

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Employers at the start of the twentieth century began to exert control over the labor force by attracting a stable workforce as first exemplified by the use of

A)Henry Ford's five-dollar-per-day minimum wage
B)increased childcare in factories
C)increased opportunities for job promotions
D)lower minimum age requirements for workers

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Media images of the working class include television shows like

A)Roseanne
B)The Honeymooners
C)The Simpsons
D)All in the Family
E)all of the above

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Working-class children have parents who

A)tend not to punish them
B)downplay autonomy
C)do not impose rules on them
D)encourage individualism

Question 5

Working-class women in job training programs

A)have received free childcare
B)have opportunities to move into other jobs within the same company
C)have found themselves to be better prepared for better paying jobs and jobs with benefits
D)have not benefited much from these programs

Question 6

The average annual income for the working class is

A)$25,000
B)$30,000
C)$40,000
D)$50,000
E)$65,000

Question 7

A skilled-labor job includes individuals who

A)are working in jobs as teachers or librarians
B)are working as accountants
C)are bankers
D)are involved in crafts like electronics
E)are involved in arts and crafts like needlepoint and scrapbooking

Question 8

Outworkers were part of the working class.

Question 9

In response to a railroad strike in 1877,the Knights of Labor was formed which did all but which of the following?

A)accepted all races,except Blacks,as members
B)accepted women as members
C)advocated equal pay for equal work
D)reduced working hours

Question 10

During the late 1800s and early 1900s,the most dangerous jobs involved

A)exposure to petrochemicals
B)working on railroads and in mines
C)workers getting mangled in textile company machinery
D)agricultural and farming accidents

Question 11

A labor union legally presents the interests of a set of job holders

A)in respect to wages
B)in respect to benefits
C)in respect to working conditions
D)all of the above

Question 12

In exchange for four to seven years of labor,indentured servants received

A)free education
B)fifty acres
C)forty acres and a mule
D)free passage from Europe to the colonies for the families

Question 13

The first American factory was located in Bridgeport,Connecticut.

Question 14

An apprentice is one who

A)learns from his or her employer skills required in that trade
B)agrees to work for higher than normal wages
C)works for an unspecified length of time
D)is not promoted in the company due to downsizing and poor worker performance

Question 15

European unions have been successful

A)due to the benefits received on the part of union members and the broader working-class citizenry
B)but have not been nearly as successful as unions in the U.S.
C)because they have not been directly involved in political parties' policy decisions
D)because they are not as closely linked to politics as in the U.S.

Question 16

During the mid-nineteenth century,the working class consisted of all but which of the following?

A)artisans
B)unskilled laborers
C)factory workers
D)proletariats

Question 17

Outworkers were mostly

A)slaves
B)children
C)women
D)older men
E)young men

Question 18

Working-class jobs are defined as those where employees

A)have little control over the pace and content of their work
B)are seldom anybody's boss
C)have longer hours
D)have jobs that are simple and monotonous
E)all of the above

Question 19

In the late nineteenth century,working-class parents

A)were in conflict with schools that engaged in physical punishment of students which was against the parents' beliefs
B)believed that education would help their children gain better jobs in the future
C)who were Italian thought education was beneficial to their daughters' search for husbands
D)who were Italian believed that schools were infringing on their children's ability to work to help the family economically

Question 20

Working-class networks build social capital through the use of

A)tools,skills,and money
B)skills,loaning of transportation,and assistance with chores
C)money,loaning of transportation,and babysitting
D)tools,hardware,machinery

Question 21

At the turn of the century there were a higher percentage of African Americans in the working class than whites.

Question 22

A "sense of entitlement" means one believes one deserves to receive a valued opportunity or reward.

Question 23

Factory jobs appear to be the epitome of worker alienation.

Question 24

A temp worker is someone who works for low wages for a specified length of time,learning from his or her employer the range of skills required in that trade.

Question 25

The child-rearing traits of middle-class and working-class children are the same.

Question 26

Unions provide their members with higher wages than their nonunion counterparts.

Question 27

Members of the working class in the nineteenth century worked hard and the majority was able to pull themselves out of poverty and into the middle class.

Question 28

Women and minorities are less apt to do poorly on qualifying tests to enter training in the skilled trades because they are less likely to have taken courses or tests on mechanical reasoning and spatial relations that would result in higher scores on those tests.

Question 29

Women have not faced much problem entering the workforce because childcare is usually provided by their employers or shared with their spouses.

Question 30

The Taft-Hartley Act passed by Congress in 1947 eliminated the closed shop by not the sympathy strike.

Question 31

The working class is more committed to their jobs and less likely to suffer from worker alienation than the bourgeoisie.

Question 32

Social networking is viewed more negatively and self-serving than for the middle-class.

Question 33

Union membership in the United States has been lower than union membership in European countries.

Question 34

Since the 1970s,better paying blue-collar jobs have disappeared.

Question 35

Describe the child-rearing traits of children in working class families and compare them to those of children in middle-class families.

Question 36

The first effort to organize a union was in Lowell,Massachusetts.

Question 37

Unions in Europe have had more substantially more support than their counterparts in the United States.

Question 38

While advancement among the union ranks have not always provided equal opportunities,union membership has generally offered increased opportunities for gender and racial equality.

Question 39

How have types of jobs,incomes,and access to jobs changed since the 1970s?

Question 40

By the late nineteenth and early twentieth century,strikes and unions had done a lot to reduce workers' hours and drastically increase workers' wages.

Question 41

Discuss the role of unions and working-class workers in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.How have unions risen and fallen? How have unionization in the U.S.differed from unionization in European countries?

Question 42

Describe the human,cultural,social,and financial capital resources available to working-class families.

Question 43

How do blue-collar temp agencies work? Who benefits from them and how? Who is the "loser" in the arrangement and why?