Deck 9: Carbohydrates: Sugars, Saccharides, Glycans

Question 1

Synthesis of sugar polymers is enzyme catalyzed and requires activated monomers like ________ in lactose biosynthesis.

Answer 1

UDP-galactose

Question 2

Heparin is a highly sulphated glycosaminoglycan that act as an ________.

Answer 2

anticoagulant

Question 3

Proteins are marked for secretion from the cell by the post translational addition of oligosaccharides.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?

A) Galactose
B) Lactose
C) Amylose
D) Maltose
E) None of the above

Question 5

Amylose and amylopectin are the principle storage polysaccharides of:

A) bacteria.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) mollusks.
E) insects.

Question 6

O-linked glycans are attached to proteins through the hydroxyl group of serine or ________ and sometimes ________.

Question 7

Pentoses and hexoses can form stable ring structures by internal hemiacetal formation.

Question 8

Which of the following is considered to be the smallest carbohydrate?

A) Glucose
B) Dihydroxyacetone
C) Ribose
D) Xylose
E) Formaldehyde

Question 9

Glyceraldehyde has a chiral carbon so has two stereoisomers, which are called diastereomers.

Question 10

Glycosaminoglycans are polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units in which one of the sugars is always N-acetylgalactosamine.

Question 11

N-linked glycans are attached to proteins through N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetyl galactosamine to the amide side chain of:

A) glutamine.
B) histidine.
C) asparagine.
D) arginine.
E) lysine.

Question 12

The storage polysaccharides are ________ in plants and ________ in animals.

Question 13

Carbohydrates are components of the following:

A) the membrane of red blood cells.
B) nucleic acids.
C) the hormone erythropoietin.
D) the bacterial cell wall.
E) all of the above.

Question 14

Maltose has a (1→4) α linkage between glucose and ________.

Question 15

D-ribose can form a ring structure with either four or five carbons in the ring.