Deck 17: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Question 1

When DNA replicates,a guanine forms a base pair with ________.

A)uracil
B)adenine
C)guanine
D)thymine
E)cytosine

Answer 1

cytosine

Question 2

The unique sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is called the ________ structure.

A)ionic
B)primary
C)secondary
D)tertiary
E)quaternary

Answer 2

primary

Question 3

Which of the following cannot be found in a nucleotide of RNA?

A)purine
B)pyrimidine
C)phosphate
D)ribose
E)deoxyribose

Answer 3

deoxyribose

Question 4

The two new DNA molecules formed in replication ________.

A)are different from the original DNA
B)both contain only two new daughter DNA strands
C)both contain only the parent DNA strands
D)contain one parent and one daughter strand
E)are identical,with one containing both parent strands,and the other containing both daughter strands

Question 5

Which of the following can be found in DNA?

A)ribose
B)GMP
C)uracil
D)deoxyadenosine
E)FMN

Question 6

Which of the following will not be found in DNA?

A)adenine
B)thymine
C)guanine
D)cytosine
E)ribose

Question 7

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base and a sugar.

A)nucleoside
B)base pair
C)nucleotide
D)complementary base
E)pyrimidine

Question 8

In the synthesis of mRNA,an adenine in the DNA pairs with ________.

A)uracil
B)adenine
C)guanine
D)thymine
E)cytosine

Question 9

Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA?

A)thymine
B)uracil
C)guanine
D)cytosine
E)deoxyribose

Question 10

The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by ________ bonds.

A)hydrogen
B)peptide
C)phosphodiester
D)glycosidic
E)ionic

Question 11

The interactions that link the nucleotides in a nucleic acid are ________.

A)ionic bonds
B)peptide bonds
C)hydrogen bonds
D)hydrophobic bonds
E)phosphodiester bonds

Question 12

The DNA of an organism is 29% adenine.The % of guanine is ________.

A)29%
B)50%
C)71%
D)21%
E)100%

Question 13

The base sequence of the strand of DNA complementary to the segment T G G C A A C is ________.

A)T G G C A A C
B)A C C G T T G
C)A C C G U U G
D)U C C G T T G
E)A C G C T U G

Question 14

Which of the following types of RNA carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes?

A)mRNA
B)histone RNA
C)rRNA
D)tRNA
E)sRNA

Question 15

The two strands of the double helix of DNA are held together by ________.

A)hydrogen bonds
B)covalent bonds
C)dipole-dipole interactions
D)ionic bonds
E)sugar-to-phosphate bonds

Question 16

The base sequence of the DNA template strand is T G C A A C.What is the corresponding mRNA?

A)T G C A A C
B)A C G U U G
C)A C C U U G
D)U C G T T G
E)U C G T T C

Question 17

A ________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base,a sugar,and a phosphate group.

A)nucleoside
B)base pair
C)nucleotide
D)complementary base
E)purine

Question 18

In transcription,________.

A)the mRNA produced is identical to the parent DNA
B)a double helix containing one parent strand and one daughter strand is produced
C)uracil pairs with thymine
D)both strands of the DNA are copied
E)the mRNA produced is complementary to one strand of the DNA

Question 19

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are ________.

A)ionic bonds
B)peptide bonds
C)hydrogen bonds
D)hydrophobic interactions
E)ester bonds

Question 20

What is the process in which the DNA double helix unfolds,and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new strand?

A)transcription
B)complementation
C)translation
D)replication
E)restriction

Question 21

A mutation which occurs when one base in a DNA sequence replaces another,is called a ________.

A)deletion mutation
B)insertion mutation
C)substitution mutation
D)translocation mutation
E)viral mutation

Question 22

The codon UGA codes for ________.

A)Phe
B)Tyr
C)Start
D)Met
E)Stop

Question 23

The result of a defective enzyme caused by a mutation in the DNA nucleotide sequence is ________.

A)a genetic disease
B)AIDS
C)HIV
D)recombinant DNA
E)translocation

Question 24

What tripeptide is coded for by the following mRNA sequence? UUU AGA CCA

A)Phe-Pro-Arg
B)Pro-Arg-Phe
C)Phe-Arg-Pro
D)Leu-Pro-Arg
E)Phe-Thr-Pro

Question 25

Small living particles,with 3 to 200 genes,that cannot replicate without a host cell are called ________.

A)recombinant DNAs
B)viruses
C)bacteria
D)tumors
E)plasmids

Question 26

Recombinant DNA is used to make ________.

A)interferon
B)human growth hormone
C)human insulin
D)hepatitus vaccine
E)all of the above

Question 27

When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA,the process is called ________.

A)transportation
B)transposition
C)transcription
D)translation
E)transliteration

Question 28

During protein synthesis,the codon for an amino acid is found on ________.

A)DNA
B)rRNA
C)tRNA
D)mRNA
E)sRNA

Question 29

The anticodon of UAG is ________.

A)ATC
B)UAG
C)AAC
D)AUC
E)GAU

Question 30

Codons are base pair sequences that ________.

A)signal the start of DNA synthesis
B)signal the end of DNA synthesis
C)code for amino acids
D)signal the start of RNA synthesis
E)code for one or more bases in mRNA

Question 31

When a mutation occurs by elimination of one base in a DNA sequence,this mutation is called a ________.

A)deletion mutation
B)insertion mutation
C)substitution mutation
D)translocation mutation
E)viral mutation

Question 32

Mutations are the result of ________.

A)alterations in the phosphate of the DNA backbone
B)exposure to water in utero
C)physical trauma in the mother's childhood
D)alterations in the sugar component of the DNA backbone
E)alterations in the DNA base sequence

Question 33

A DNA template having the base sequence A G A T G A would produce a mRNA with a base sequence of ________.

A)A G A T G A
B)U C U A C U
C)T C T U C T
D)T C T A C A
E)A C A U C A

Question 34

Translation is the process whereby ________.

A)DNA is synthesized from DNA
B)DNA is synthesized from mRNA
C)protein is synthesized from DNA
D)protein is synthesized from mRNA
E)mRNA is synthesized from DNA

Question 35

Which of the following is a section of mRNA produced from the DNA template below? A T A G C T A

A)A T A G C T A
B)A U A G C U A
C)U A U C G A U
D)U U U G C U U
E)T A T C G A T

Question 36

The codon is found on ________,and the anticodon is found on ________.

A)mRNA,tRNA
B)tRNA,mRNA
C)rRNA,tRNA
D)ribosomes,tRNA
E)mRNA,rRNA

Question 37

The anticodon is ________.

A)identical to the codon on DNA
B)complementary to the codon on DNA
C)identical to the codon on mRNA
D)complementary to the codon on mRNA
E)complementary to the codon on tRNA

Question 38

Which one of the following base pairs is found in DNA?

A)adenine-thymine
B)adenine-guanine
C)cytosine-thymine
D)adenine-uracil
E)guanine-uracil

Question 39

A virus that contains RNA as its genetic material is a ________.

A)genetically engineered virus
B)bacteria
C)recombinant DNA
D)retrovirus
E)vaccine

Question 40

Protease inhibitors,which are effective anti-HIV drugs,________.

A)are nucleoside analogs
B)prevent reverse transcription
C)prevent synthesis of viral proteins
D)prevent mRNA synthesis
E)prevent activation of tRNA

Question 41

Transfer RNA is the most abundant form of RNA.

Question 42

One of the differences between DNA and RNA is the sugar it contains.

Question 43

Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds.

Question 44

The process of translocation involves the synthesis of mRNA.

Question 45

The codon AGA codes for serine.

Question 46

The unique sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is the secondary structure.

Question 47

A silent mutation stops gene expression.

Question 48

The stop codon terminates protein synthesis.

Question 49

The start codon is AUG.

Question 50

Down syndrome is an acquired disease,not a genetic disease.

Question 51

A nucleotide consists of only a base and a sugar.

Question 52

mRNA codons contain three "letters."

Question 53

DNA is a protein.

Question 54

The codon UUU codes for phenylalanine.

Question 55

Adenine is a purine.

Question 56

The DNA complement of the sequence -G C C A T- is -G C C A T-.

Question 57

The sequence of bases in a nucleic acid is the secondary structure.

Question 58

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Question 59

In the DNA double helix,a purine can only pair with a pyrimidine.

Question 60

Uracil is a pyrimidine.

Question 61

The polymerae chain reaction allows production of multiple copies of a gene in a short time.

Question 62

AZT is a drug used in the treatment of cancer.

Question 63

Recombinant DNA is used to human insulin.

Question 64

A retrovirus uses DNA as its genetic material.