Deck 11: Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

Question 1

A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule is called a(n)________.

A)molecular formula
B)expanded structural formula
C)condensed structural formula
D)condensed molecular formula
E)isomeric formula

Answer 1

expanded structural formula

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name of this compound? - - - -

A)pentane
B)hexane
C)heptane
D)octane
E)methylbutane

Answer 2

pentane

Question 3

Which of the following is not typical of most hydrocarbons?

A)high melting point
B)poor solubility in water
C)low boiling point
D)covalent bonding
E)high flammability

Answer 3

high melting point

Question 4

A cycloalkane ________.

A)has two fewer carbon atoms than the corresponding alkane
B)has two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding alkane
C)contains - groups joined by single bonds
D)always contains a three carbon ring
E)has no hydrogen atoms

Question 5

Which of these formulas is the expanded structural formula for an alkane with three carbon atoms?

A)
B)
C) - -
D)C- C- C
E)H H H H - - - - H

Question 6

What is the IUPAC name of the continuous chain alkane with six carbon atoms?

A)butane
B)pentane
C)hexane
D)heptane
E)octane

Question 7

What is the condensed structural formula for an alkane with four carbon atoms?

A) -CH CH-
B) -
C)
D)C-C-C-C
E)H H H H H - - - - - H

Question 8

The simplest cycloalkane has ________.

A)one carbon atom
B)two carbon atoms
C)three carbon atoms
D)four carbon atoms
E)five carbon atoms

Question 9

Hydrocarbons are the primary constituents of ________.

A)drugs
B)food flavors
C)fuels
D)fruit juices
E)disinfectants

Question 10

A hydrocarbon contains only the elements ________.

A)hydrogen and oxygen
B)carbon and oxygen
C)carbon and hydrogen
D)carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen
E)carbon,hydrogen,and nitrogen

Question 11

What is the IUPAC name of this compound? - - - - - -

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)butane
E)pentane

Question 12

Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of compounds of ________.

A)oxygen
B)hydrogen
C)living things
D)polymers
E)carbon

Question 13

In the three-dimensional structure of methane, ,the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned ________.

A)in a straight line
B)at the corners of a square
C)at the corners of a tetrahedron
D)at the corners of a rectangle
E)at the corners of a cube

Question 14

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)five

Question 15

The skeletal formula shown is that of ________.

A)butane
B)pentane
C)hexane
D)heptane
E)octane

Question 16

What is the IUPAC name of - - - ?

A)ethane
B)propane
C)butane
D)pentane
E)hexane

Question 17

Carbon atoms always have how many covalent bonds?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)five

Question 18

An organic compound composed of carbon and hydrogen connected only by single bonds is an ________.

A)alkane
B)alkene
C)alkyne
D)aromatic compound
E)alcohol

Question 19

The carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons ________.

A)have only single bonds
B)contain at least one double bond
C)contain at least one triple bond
D)contain a benzene ring
E)contain both a double and a triple bond

Question 20

Which of the following is true of nonane, ,which has a density of 0.79 g/mL,melts at -51 °C,and boils at 151 °C?

A)Nonane is soluble in water.
B)Nonane is a gas at room temperature.
C)Nonane is a solid at room temperature.
D)Nonane does not undergo combustion.
E)Nonane floats on the surface of water.

Question 21

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound? CH3
∣
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH-CH3

A)heptane
B)methylhexane
C)5-methylhexane
D)2-methylhexane
E)2-methylpentane

Question 22

What is the IUPAC name of this compound? Cl - H - - - Cl

A)1,1-dichlorobutane
B)1,2,-dichlorobutane
C)1,3-dichlorobutane
D)1,4-dichlorobutane
E)dichlorobutane

Question 23

In a condensed structural formula,each carbon atom is ________.

A)shown with all individual atoms and bonds drawn
B)shown with only the other carbon atoms
C)grouped with its bonded hydrogen atoms
D)not explicitly shown
E)written in lowercase letters

Question 24

Structural isomers are molecules that share the same formula and have ________.

A)a different shape to the molecule
B)the same arrangement of atoms within the molecule
C)a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule
D)identical boiling points
E)the same shape in each molecule

Question 25

What is the IUPAC name for a four-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)methane
B)ethane
C)propane
D)butane
E)pentane

Question 26

According to the IUPAC convention,alkyl group names should be located ________ of the name of the main chain.

A)in front
B)at the end
C)in the middle

Question 27

What is the IUPAC name for an eight-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 28

What is the IUPAC name for a ten-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 29

When drawing a structural formula,the first step is to draw ________.

A)the substituents
B)the most highly substituted carbons
C)the saturated carbons
D)the main carbon chain
E)the functional group

Question 30

What is the IUPAC name of the alkyl group - - -?

A)propane
B)methyl
C)ethane
D)ethyl
E)propyl

Question 31

What is the IUPAC name for a five-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)methane
B)ethane
C)propane
D)butane
E)pentane

Question 32

What is the mame for a six-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 33

What is the IUPAC name of the nine-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 34

What is the IUPAC name for this alkane? - - H - CH -

A)2-ethyl-3-methylpentane
B)4-ethyl-3-methylpentane
C)3,4-dimethylhexane
D)2,3-diethylbutane
E)octane

Question 35

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)2,2-dimethylpentane
B)2,4-dimethylpentane
C)heptane
D)2-methylhexane
E)1,1,3-trimethylbutane

Question 36

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms are called ________.

A)structural isomers
B)isotopes
C)indicators
D)isozymes
E)isometrics

Question 37

What type of compound is - ?

A)alkane
B)branched alkane
C)cycloalkane
D)haloalkane
E)isomer

Question 38

According to the IUPAC convention,alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in which order?

A)alphabetical including prefixes
B)alphabetical without considering prefixes
C)in order with the substituent having the largest number of carbons first
D)in order with the substituent having the smallest number of carbons first
E)in order with the substituent having the largest total number of carbons first

Question 39

What is the IUPAC name for a seven-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 40

According to the IUPAC convention for chemical naming,which part of a hydrocarbon is selected as the main chain for a hydrocarbon chain?

A)the most highly branched chain
B)the shortest chain
C)the longest chain drawn in a straight line
D)the longest continuous chain,regardless of bends
E)the chain with the most substituted carbons in it

Question 41

Which of the following compounds could have the molecular formula ?

A)hexane
B)pentane
C)2-methylheptane
D)2,3-dimethylpentane
E)3-ethylhexane

Question 42

The reaction of butane with oxygen is called ________.

A)substitution
B)addition
C)neutralization
D)combustion
E)titration

Question 43

In the balanced equation for the complete combustion of ,the coefficient for oxygen is ________.

A)1
B)2
C)5
D)6
E)8

Question 44

A hydrocarbon with a double bond is a(n)________.

A)alkane
B)alkene
C)alkyne
D)alcohol
E)saturated compound

Question 45

The balanced equation for the complete combustion of will give which of these product(s)?

A) only
B) only
C)5 + 5 O
D)5 + 6 O
E)10CO + 12 O

Question 46

An alkyne is an organic compound that contains a ________ bond.

A)single
B)double
C)triple
D)aromatic
E)hydrogen

Question 47

An unsaturated compound always ________.

A)is a cycloalkane
B)contains a double bond
C)contains a triple bond
D)contains at least one double or triple bond
E)contains only single bonds

Question 48

In the balanced equation for the complete combustion of heptane,the coefficient for carbon dioxide is: (l)+ (g)→ (g)+ O(g).

A)1
B)2
C)4
D)6
E)7

Question 49

An alkene is an organic compound that contains a ________ bond.

A)single
B)double
C)triple
D)aromatic
E)hydrogen

Question 50

Alkenes and alkynes are called unsaturated compounds because ________.

A)they have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon in the compound
B)they have fewer hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain than alkanes
C)they have more hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain than alkanes
D)they have more carbon atoms than alkanes
E)they have fewer carbon atoms than alkanes

Question 51

What is the IUPAC name of this alkane? - - - CH - -

A)4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
B)2-ethyl-4,4-dimethylpentane
C)2,2,4-trimethylhexane
D)2-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
E)3,5,5-trimethylhexane

Question 52

What is the name for a three-carbon saturated alkyl group?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 53

Which of the compounds is a cycloalkene?

A) = CH-CH =
B)
C) -CH = CH2
D)
E)

Question 54

What is(are)the product(s)of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon?

A)CO only
B) only
C)CO + O
D) + O
E) O only

Question 55

What is the name for this three-carbon alkyl group? -CH-

A)propyl
B)isopropyl
C)butyl
D)methyl
E)ethyl

Question 56

Which of the following pairs of formulas represent isomers?

A) - and - - -
B) - - - and - -
C) - - and - -
D) - H and - - H -
E) - H - CH - and - - -

Question 57

What is the IUPAC name of ?

A)hexane
B)dimethylbutane
C)3,3-dimethylbutane
D)2,2-dimethylbutane
E)2-dimethylbutane

Question 58

What is the name for a one-carbon alkyl substituent?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 59

What is the name for a two-carbon saturated alkyl group?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 60

What is the IUPAC name of ?

A)pentane
B)methylpentane
C)2-methylpentane
D)4-methylpentane
E)hexane

Question 61

The IUPAC name of -CH CH- is ________.

A)2-butene
B)2-butane
C)1-butene
D)butene
E)2-butyne

Question 62

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

A)5-methyl-1-hexene
B)2-methyl-1-hexene
C)2-methyl-5-hexene
D)5-methyl-2-hexene
E)1-hexene

Question 63

The IUPAC name for ethylene is ________.

A)ethane
B)cycloethane
C)ethyne
D)ethanene
E)ethene

Question 64

When naming an alkene,the parent chain is the longest carbon chain ________.

A)that does not contain the double bond
B)regardless of whether or not it contains the double bond
C)that contains at least one of the carbon atoms of the double bond
D)that contains both atoms of the double bond
E)that contains a branch

Question 65

Insects communicate with chemicals called ________.

A)markers
B)isomers
C)signals
D)pheromones
E)scents

Question 66

The hydrogenation of an alkene gives a(n)________.

A)alkane
B)alkene
C)alkyne
D)benzene
E)isomer

Question 67

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A)3-hexene
B)3-hexyne
C)trans-3-hexene
D)cis-2-hexene
E)cis-3-hexene

Question 68

The IUPAC name for -C is ________.

A)3-pentyne
B)2-pentyne
C)pentyne
D)1-methylbutyne
E)2-propene

Question 69

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound? Cl - H - - CH = CH

A)4-chloro-4,5-dimethyl-2-hexene
B)3-chloro-1,3,4-trimethyl-1-pentene
C)3-chloro-2,3-dimethyl-4-hexene
D)3-chloro-2,3,5-trimethyl-4-pentene
E)3-chloro-1,3,4,4-tetramethyl-1-butene

Question 70

Which of the following compounds is an alkyne?

A)
B)
C) -C CH
D) C CH-CH
E)2-pentene

Question 71

The reaction of hydrogen ( )and propene using a platinum catalyst is called ________.

A)combustion
B)substitution
C)addition
D)neutralization
E)condensation

Question 72

Which of the following pairs of compounds are cis-trans isomers?

A) and
B) and
C) HC C- and -C CH
D) and
E) and

Question 73

Which one of the following compounds has the smallest number of hydrogen atoms?

A)butyne
B)2-methylpropane
C)butene
D)2-methybutane
E)butane

Question 74

Organic compounds with carbon-carbon double or triple bonds are classified as ________.

A)unsaturated compounds
B)saturated compounds
C)dilute solutions
D)concentrated solutions
E)substituted compounds

Question 75

What is the condensed structural formula of the compound propene?

A)
B) C
C) C C
D) -CH
E)HC C

Question 76

The compound 1-butyne contains ________.

A)all single bonds
B)a double bond
C)a triple bond
D)a ring structure
E)a bromine atom

Question 77

What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown below?

A)2-pentene
B)trans-2-pentene
C)trans-3-pentene
D)cis-2-pentene
E)cis-3-pentene

Question 78

Which of the following compounds is an alkene?

A)
B)pentyne
C) -C CH
D) C CH-
E)cyclopentane

Question 79

Some alkenes have geometric (cis-trans)isomers because ________.

A)the carbon atoms in the double bond cannot rotate
B)each of the carbon atoms in the double bond has four different groups attached to it
C)one of the carbon atoms in the double bond has two identical groups attached to it
D)the carbon atoms in the double bond are free to rotate
E)all of the carbon atoms in the compound are rigid and cannot rotate

Question 80

What is the condensed structural formula for the compound 3-hexene?

A) H-
B) CH
C) -CH CH
D) -CH CH-
E) -CH CH