Deck 31: Miscellaneous Abdomen Diseases

Question 1

Consultation with the vascular surgeon is indicated when abdominal aortic aneurysms obtain a size of __________ cm.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Answer 1

5

Question 2

What percentage of the population over 60 years of age is affected by abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A) 2% to 8%
B) 9% to 15%
C) 16% to 21%
D) 22% to 25%

Answer 2

2% to 8%

Question 3

Which of the following is often the choice in diagnostic imaging evaluation of patients with acute abdominal pain?

A) Ultrasonography
B) Computed tomography
C) Laparoscopy
D) Magnetic resonance imaging

Answer 3

Computed tomography

Question 4

What percentage of abdominal aortic aneurysms demonstrate characteristic cyst-like atherosclerotic calcifications on plain film radiography?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 5

Increased risk of rupture with abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with all of the following except __________.

A) age
B) larger initial aneurysm diameter
C) hypertension
D) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 6

How many times more likely is a person to develop an abdominal aortic aneurysm if they have a first-degree relative with this condition?

A) 3
B) 5
C) 8
D) 12

Question 7

Which of the following is appropriate for ruling out the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A) Family history
B) Physical examination
C) Conventional radiography
D) Ultrasonography

Question 8

The preferred imaging modality in suspected acute gallbladder pathosis is __________.

A) conventional radiography
B) ultrasonography
C) computed tomography
D) hepatobiliary scintigraphy

Question 9

Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta should be suspected if the diameter of the vessel exceeds _____ cm.

A) 1
B) 5
C) 3.5
D) 7

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain?

A) Abdominal aortic aneurysm
B) Cholecystitis
C) Nephrolithiasis
D) Appendicitis

Question 11

Surgical correction for abdominal aortic aneurysm is generally recommended for asymptomatic AAAs measuring greater than _________ cm.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7

Question 12

Echinococcus granulosis causes two thirds of which of the following types of cysts?

A) Pancreatic
B) Renal
C) Splenic
D) Adrenal

Question 13

What is the largest group of retroperitoneal masses identified on abdominal plain film radiographs?

A) Abdominal aortic aneurysms
B) Renal lesions
C) Adrenal enlargement
D) Ascending colon distension

Question 14

Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm with ultrasonography may be useful in white men, with a history of smoking or a first-degree relative with abdominal aortic aneurysm, especially when the patient exceeds __________ years of age.

A) 40
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70

Question 15

Which of the following imaging modalities is the best screening procedure for abdominal aorta?

A) Ultrasound
B) MRI
C) Plain film
D) IVU

Question 16

Which of the following advanced imaging modalities is most appropriate for monitoring/follow-up of nonsurgical abdominal aortic aneurysms?

A) Conventional abdomen radiography
B) Ultrasonography
C) Angiography
D) Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 17

Which of the following advanced imaging modalities may significantly underestimate the width of abdominal aortic aneurysm as a result of a large thrombus within the vessel lumen?

A) Ultrasonography
B) Computed tomography
C) Angiography
D) Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 18

Which of the following represents the major drawback for computed tomographic examination of an acute abdomen?

A) Speed of examination
B) Availability
C) Use of ionizing radiation
D) Image resolution

Question 19

Localization of acute gastrointestinal bleeding is best accomplished with __________.

A) computed tomography
B) ultrasonography
C) laparoscopy
D) nuclear medicine

Question 20

Which of the following diagnostic imaging examinations is best able to exclude the diagnosis of acute appendicitis?

A) Ultrasound
B) Conventional radiographs
C) Computed tomography
D) Nuclear medicine

Question 21

Disc herniation, acute myocardial infarction, sepsis, appendicitis, and strangulated inguinal hernia may all mimic the clinical presentation of __________.

A) hydatid cyst rupture
B) gallstone ileus
C) adynamic ileus
D) ruptured aortic aneurysm

Question 22

Dilated loops of small bowel with fluid levels, in combination with decreased air in the colon, are radiographic indicators of __________.

A) hemorrhage
B) ruptured viscus
C) peritonitis
D) mechanical bowel obstruction

Question 23

CBC evaluation of a patient with hydatid disease is likely to reveal increased ___________.

A) neutrophils
B) basophils
C) eosinophils
D) granulocytes

Question 24

Thickening of mucosal folds associated with bowel infarction is known as __________.

A) valvulae conniventes
B) haustra
C) "thumbprinting"
D) "stack of coins" sign

Question 25

Which in the following locations is the most common area for abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A) Suprarenal
B) Infrarenal
C) Intrarenal
D) Below the iliac bifurcation

Question 26

Which of the following is a computed tomographic feature of acute appendicitis?

A) Presence of an appendicolith
B) Opacification of the appendix with oral contrast material
C) Opacification of the appendix with rectal contrast material
D) Appendiceal diameter greater than 4 mm

Question 27

Hydatid cysts measure on average __________ cm in diameter.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9

Question 28

Which of the following is a known cause of mechanical obstruction?

A) Acute appendicitis
B) Electrolyte imbalance
C) Volvulus
D) Peritonitis

Question 29

In which of the following groups is abdominal aortic aneurysm most common?

A) African American
B) Asian
C) Hispanic
D) Caucasian

Question 30

Which of the following diagnostic imaging modalities is most appropriate for further evaluation of a woman presenting with an acute abdomen?

A) Decubitus abdominal radiography
B) Diagnostic ultrasonography
C) Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen
D) Angiography

Question 31

What is the expected annual rate of rupture percentage for aneurysms of the aorta measuring 6.0 cm - 6.9 cm?

A) 1%
B) 3%
C) 9%
D) 25%

Question 32

For which of the following reasons is aspiration contraindicated as a treatment method for hydatid cysts?

A) Potential anaphylactic response
B) Mass effect
C) Leakage
D) Rupture

Question 33

Which of the following is an established risk factor for developing an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A) Hypertension
B) Male gender
C) Tobacco use
D) Hypercholesterolemia

Question 34

Which of the following organs is not commonly associated with hydatid cyst formation?

A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Spleen
D) Gallbladder

Question 35

Which is following is not a common complication of colon perforation?

A) Diverticulitis
B) Volvulus
C) Carcinoma
D) Sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure

Question 36

Hydatid cysts represent infestation by which of the following infectious organisms?

A) Echinococcus granulosis
B) Blastomyces dermatiditis
C) Schistosoma hematobium
D) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 37

Physical examination a patient with acute abdomen reveals decreased bowel sounds. This is most consistent with a diagnosis of __________.

A) volvulus
B) Crohn disease
C) adynamic ileus
D) radiation enteritis

Question 38

Which of the following is associated with perforation of the small bowel?

A) Boerhaave syndrome
B) Mallory-Weiss tear
C) Cholecystitis
D) Crohn's disease

Question 39

What radiographic calcification pattern is associated with Echinococcus granulosus infection?

A) Solid mass
B) Stippled
C) Cystic
D) Laminated

Question 40

In a patient with gastrointestinal perforation, plain film radiography may demonstrate __________.

A) extraluminal fluid
B) abscess
C) intraperitoneal gas
D) location of perforation