Deck 35: Idiopathic Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Question 1

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Distal airway and alveolar weakening

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Answer 1

NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 2

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Distal Airway and Alveolar Weakening Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Answer 2

NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 3

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Bronchopleural fistulae

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Answer 3

NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 4

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Alveolar hyperinflation

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 5

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Atelectasis

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 6

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Alveolar Consolidation Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 7

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Compression of great veins

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 8

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Atelectasis Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 9

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Alveolar consolidation

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 10

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Excessive Bronchial Secretions Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 11

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Increased Alveolar-Capillary Membrane Thickness Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 12

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Pulmonary infarction

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 13

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Granulomas

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 14

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Bronchospasm

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 15

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Fibrotic thickening of the alveoli

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 16

MATCHING
The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory disease result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with Idiopathic Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS).
Bronchospasm Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 17

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Honeycombing

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 18

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Intraalveolar hyaline membrane

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 19

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Destruction of alveoli and adjacent pulmonary capillaries

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 20

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Pulmonary surfactant deficiency

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 21

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 22

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Frothy white (or pink) bronchial secretions

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 23

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
MVV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 24

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Interstitial and intraalveolar edema and hemorrhage

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 25

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FRC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 26

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
IC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 27

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF_50%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 28

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV_T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 29

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
ERV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 30

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasospasm and vasoconstriction

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 31

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF _200-1200

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 32

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Chronic dilation and distortion of bronchial airways

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 33

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
TLC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 34

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Cavity formation

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 35

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
V_T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 36

Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with IRDS.
Excessive bronchial secretions and incomplete absorption of pulmonary fluids

A)YES-This is associated with IRDS.
B)NO-This is not associated with IRDS.

Question 37

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
VC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 38

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FVC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 39

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF _25%-75%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 40

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PEFR

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 41

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
O₂

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 42

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
DO₂

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 43

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in mild to moderate IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PaCO₂

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 44

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
_S/ _T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 45

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RV/TLC %

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 46

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
SvO₂

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 47

IRDS occurs more often in girls.

Question 48

Next to the pulmonary function studies, match the findings that typically develop in the newborn who has IRDS. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV_1%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 49

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
C(a-v)

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 50

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in the advanced stages of IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PaCO₂

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 51

Cesarean birth is a known factor that predisposes an infant to pulmonary surfactant abnormality.

Question 52

In the newborn with IRDS, match what develops in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
O₂ER

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 53

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in mild to moderate IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
HCO₃^-

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 54

IRDS is usually seen in infants younger than 37 weeks' gestation.

Question 55

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in mild to moderate IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
pH

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 56

During the early stages of IRDS, the treatment of choice is CPAP.

Question 57

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in the advanced stages of IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
HCO₃^-

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 58

Efforts should be made to get an infant's PaO₂ with IRDS within the 80- to 100-mm Hg range.

Question 59

Match the arterial blood gas changes that develop in the advanced stages of IRDS to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
pH

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal