Deck 8: Aqueous Solutions-Chemistry of the Hydrosphere

Question 1

If 120 g of NaOH (40 g/mol)were used to prepare 500 mL of solution,what would the concentration be?

A)1 M
B)2 M
C)3 M
D)4 M
E)6 M

Answer 1

6 M

Question 2

Lead levels in drinking water should be no higher than 15 ppb.What is this in mol/L? Assume the density of drinking water is 1.0 g/mL.

A)7.2 $\times$ 10^-8 M
B)7.2 $\times$ 10^-5 M
C)3.1 $\times$ 10^-7 M
D)3.1 $\times$ 10^-8 M
E)2.0 $\times$ 10^-8 M

Answer 2

7.2 $\times$ 10^-8 M

Question 3

Determine the molar concentration of ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH,46.08 g/mol)in a wine that is 14% ethanol by mass.The density of this wine is 0.93 g/cm³.

A)0.063 M
B)13.0 M
C)0.14 M
D)2.8 M
E)3.0 M

Answer 3

2.8 M

Question 4

What volume of 3.00 M NaOH (40.0 g/mol)contains 0.150 mole of NaOH?

A)0.500 L
B)50.0 mL
C)5.00 mL
D)0.500 mL
E)0.0500 mL

Question 5

A homogeneous mixture containing sodium,potassium,calcium,and chloride ions dissolved in water is __________

A)an electrically charged solution.
B)an acidic solution.
C)a flammable solution.
D)a poisonous solution.
E)an aqueous solution.

Question 6

Which of the following represents the maximum mercury levels in drinking water,which is approximately 2 ppb.Assume the density of drinking water is 1 g/mL.

A)1 nM
B)10 nM
C)20 nM
D)1 $\mu$ M
E)10 $\mu$ M

Question 7

The proof of liquor is defined as two times the percent ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH)it contains by volume.If vodka is 80 proof,what is the solvent in vodka?

A)water
B)vodka
C)ethanol
D)not enough information to answer
E)the same as the solute in this case

Question 8

Molarity,M,is defined as __________

A)moles of solute dissolved in 1 mol of solvent.
B)moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent.
C)moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solvent.
D)moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution.
E)moles of solute dissolved in the solution.

Question 9

Concentrated sulfuric acid contains 4 g of water for every 100 g of solution.The solvent is __________

A)water.
B)sulfuric acid.
C)concentrated.
D)the same as the solution.
E)the same as the solute in this case.

Question 10

You make a solution of fuming nitric acid (HNO₃,63.02 g/mol),which has a density of 1.50 g/mL and contains 90.0% HNO₃ by mass.Calculate the theoretical molarity of water in this solution.

A)21.4 M
B)2.14 M
C)8.32 M
D)0.150 M
E)0.832 M

Question 11

Assuming that the density of water is 1.00 g/mL,how many moles of water are there in a liter of water?

A)1.00 moles
B)0.0180 moles
C)55.1 moles
D)18.0 moles
E)1.00 $\times$ 10² moles

Question 12

How many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl,58.44 g/mol)are needed to make up 1.00 L of a solution that is 2.00 M ?

A)23.0 g
B)29.2 g
C)58.4 g
D)117 g
E)35.5 g

Question 13

If there are 0.505 g of NaCl (58.44 g/mol)left in a beaker that originally contained 75.0 mL of saltwater,what must have been the concentration of the original solution?

A)0.00647 M
B)0.0115 M
C)0.0673 M
D)0.115 M
E)0.673 M

Question 14

How many grams of solid magnesium chloride (MgCl₂,95.21 g/mol)are needed to make 250 mL of 0.50 M solution?

A)9.5 g
B)48 g
C)12 g
D)24 g
E)4.8 g

Question 15

A salt solution is added to a marine aquarium.What mass of sodium chloride (NaCl,58.44 g/mol)is needed to produce 250.0 mL of a solution that has a concentration of 50.0 mM ?

A)731 g
B)731 mg
C)58.5 g
D)2.92 mg
E)2.92 g

Question 16

Determine the molar concentration of the lead(II)ion in a 26.0 ppb aqueous solution of lead(II)nitrate [Pb(NO₃)₂,331.22 g/mol].Assume that the density of the solution is 0.998 g/mL.

A)7.85 $\times$ 10^-8 M
B)2.60 $\times$ 10^-8 M
C)7.85 $\times$ 10^-11 M
D)7.83 $\times$ 10^-8 M
E)3.92 $\times$ 10^-8M

Question 17

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called __________

A)a compound.
B)an electrolyte.
C)a solution.
D)a solvent.
E)a mess.

Question 18

Calculate parts per million Br^- in sample of seawater that is 0.865 mM Br^- with a density of 1.025 g/mL.

A)69.1 ppm
B)79.9 ppm
C)94.7 ppm
D)70.8 ppm
E)67.4 ppm

Question 19

A concentrated aqueous ammonia solution has a density of 0.90 g/mL and is 28.0% by mass ammonia (17.04 g/mol).Determine the molar concentration of this solution.

A)15 M
B)1.5 M
C)0.032 M
D)31 M
E)3.0 M

Question 20

How many grams of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆,180.2 g/mol)would be required to prepare 2.50 L of a 0.278 M glucose solution that could be used in an IV bag?

A)6.95 $\times$ 10² g
B)1.11 $\times$ 10² g
C)5.01 $\times$ 10¹ g
D)4.50 $\times$ 10² g
E)1.25 $\times$ 10² g

Question 21

How many moles of nitrate ions are present in exactly 475 mL of a 1.27 M iron(III)nitrate solution,Fe(NO₃)₃(aq)?

A)0.151 mol
B)5.43 mol
C)5.08 mol
D)2.41 mol
E)1.81 mol

Question 22

Which contains more solute particles: a 0.10 M aqueous solution of methanol (CH₃OH)or a 0.10 M aqueous solution of salt (NaCl)?

A)They contain the same number of solute particles.
B)The salt solution contains twice as many particles as the methanol solution.
C)The methanol solution contains three times as many particles as the salt solution.
D)Neither solution contains solute particles.
E)The methanol solution contains twice as many particles as the salt solution.

Question 23

In demonstrations of strong and weak electrolytes and nonelectrolytes,a lightbulb apparatus that shows how much a solution conducts electricity by the brightness of the light is often used.When pure water is tested,the bulb does not light.When some acetic acid is added to the water,the bulb burns dimly.When more acetic acid is added to the solution,the bulb burns a little more brightly.If pure acetic acid is used,what would be observed?

A)The bulb would not light.
B)The bulb would burn dimly.
C)The bulb would burn more than any of the others but still not brightly.
D)The bulb would burn brightly.
E)The bulb would burn out.

Question 24

Which of the following would be the best conductor of electricity when dissolved in water?

A)iodine,I₂(aq)
B)ethylene glycol,HOCH₂CH₂OH(aq)
C)methanol,CH₃OH
D)sodium hydroxide,NaOH(aq)
E)carbon dioxide,CO₂(aq)

Question 25

How many moles of ions are present in exactly 150 mL of a 0.260 M ammonium phosphate solution,(NH₄)₃PO₄(aq)?

A)1.04 mol
B)0.156 mol
C)0.0390 mol
D)0.117 mol
E)0.312 mol

Question 26

In the dilution of 10.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution of HCl to a volume of 20.0 mL,what remains unchanged?

A)the moles of HCl in the solution
B)the concentration of the HCl solution
C)the volume of the HCl solution
D)the mass of the HCl solution
E)All of the above change.

Question 27

Which of the following would behave as a weak electrolyte in water?

A)lithium hydroxide,LiOH
B)ammonium nitrate,NH₄NO₃
C)bromine,Br₂
D)potassium bromide,KBr
E)silver acetate,AgCH₃COO

Question 28

If the molar concentration of sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄)is 0.10 M,what is the concentration of sodium ion?

A)0.10 M
B)0.050 M
C)0.20 M
D)0.30 M
E)0.40 M

Question 29

Which picture best represents an atomic-level view of a solution of a nonelectrolyte (water molecules not shown)?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 30

Commercial hydrochloric acid is 12.1 M.What volume of commercial HCl solution should be used to prepare 250.0 mL of 3.00 M HCl?

A)139 mL
B)126 mL
C)252 mL
D)62.0 mL
E)83.0 mL

Question 31

Diluting 1.0 mL of a 1.0 M solution to 1000 mL results in a solution that is 0.001 M.Repeating this 1000-fold dilution process five more times results in a concentration of __________

A)1.0 $\times$ 10^-8 M.
B)5.0 $\times$ 10^-3 M.
C)1.0 $\times$ 10^-18 M.
D)1.0 $\times$ 10^-9 M.
E)2.0 $\times$ 10^-4 M.

Question 32

Which of the following would behave as a strong electrolyte in water?

A)ethanol,C₂H₅OH
B)formaldehyde,CH₂O
C)table sugar,C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
D)acetic acid,CH₃COOH
E)table salt,NaCl

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true regarding electrolytes and nonelectrolytes?

A)Molten ionic compounds are usually considered to be weak electrolytes.
B)Because graphite is a good conductor of electricity,it is considered to be a strong electrolyte.
C)All molecular compounds dissolved in water behave as nonelectrolytes.
D)Ionic compounds that dissolve in water contain mobile ions and are strong electrolytes.
E)All acids ionize completely when they dissolve in water.

Question 34

In demonstrations of strong and weak electrolytes and nonelectrolytes,a lightbulb apparatus that shows how much a solution conducts electricity by the brightness of the light is often used.When pure water is tested,the bulb does not light.Which one of the following aqueous solutions causes the bulb to burn the brightest?

A)formic acid,HCOOH
B)ammonia,NH₃
C)table sugar,C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
D)a calcium salt,CaCl₂
E)methanol,CH₃OH

Question 35

In demonstrations of strong and weak electrolytes and nonelectrolytes,a lightbulb apparatus that shows how much a solution conducts electricity by the brightness of the light is often used.When pure water is tested,the bulb does not light.Which one of the following aqueous solutions causes the bulb to burn dimly but not brightly?

A)table salt,NaCl
B)isopropyl alcohol,C₃H₇OH
C)fructose,C₆H₁₂O₆
D)methanol,CH₃OH
E)acetic acid,CH₃COOH

Question 36

What volume of 12.0 M HCl solution needs to be diluted to produce 500.0 mL of 3.00 M HCl solution?

A)0.125 L
B)0.250 L
C)0.500 L
D)2.00 L
E)1.00 L

Question 37

A chemistry student attempted to make a 0.2000 M solution of NaCl using a 100.0 mL volumetric flask.She added exactly 100.0 mL of water to the flask,then added 0.02000 mol of NaCl,and found that the total volume in the flask was above the 100.0 mL mark.What was the concentration of the solution?

A)exactly 0.2000 M
B)a bit less than 0.2000 M
C)a bit more than 0.2000 M
D)exactly 0.2002 M
E)There is insufficient information to select one of the above responses.

Question 38

Which of the following should have the highest conductivity?

A)3.0 M NaCl
B)2.1 M Na₃PO₄
C)2.4 M CaCl₂
D)2.6 M Pb(CH₃COO)₂
E)3.2 M NH₄NO₃

Question 39

If 0.10 L of 3.0 M sucrose solution were diluted to 250 mL,what would the concentration be?

A)0.012 M
B)0.12 M
C)1.2 M
D)12 M
E)120 M

Question 40

Which picture best represents an atomic-level view of acetic acid,which is a weak acid,in aqueous solution (water molecules not shown)?

A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Question 41

Which one of the following statements regarding a strong monoprotic acid is NOT correct?

A)The acid ionizes completely in water.
B)The acid ionizes in water to produce hydronium ions.
C)The acid neutralizes bases.
D)HCl is an example.
E)The acid is highly concentrated.

Question 42

Identify the base in the following acid-base reaction. NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ NH₄⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)

A)NH₃
B)H₂O
C)NH₄⁺
D)OH^-
E)This is not an acid-base reaction.

Question 43

Which of the following is a weak acid?

A)sulfuric,H₂SO₄
B)hydroiodic,HI
C)hydrofluoric,HF
D)nitric,HNO₃
E)perchloric,HClO₄

Question 44

Lactated Ringer's solution can be prepared by dissolving 0.6000 g sodium chloride (NaCl,58.44 g/mol),0.310 g sodium lactate (112.1 g/mol),30.00 mg potassium chloride (KCl,74.55 g/mol),and 20.00 mg calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl₂^.2H₂O,147.0 g/mol)in water to give a final volume of 100.0 mL.What is the molar concentration of chloride?

A)0.1081 M
B)0.1094 M
C)0.1321 M
D)0.1456 M
E)0.6850 M

Question 45

What is the molar concentration of sodium in a 200.0 mL solution prepared from 1.223 g of sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄,163.9 g/mol),which is a cleaning agent,food additive,and stain remover?

A)0.1119 M
B)0.03731 M
C)0.7338 M
D)0.2486 M
E)0.1243 M

Question 46

Which of the following is a strong acid?

A)perchloric,HClO₄
B)phosphoric,H₃PO₄
C)hydrofluoric,HF
D)formic,HCOOH
E)sulfurous,H₂SO₃

Question 47

When sulfur trioxide gas is dissolved in water,which of the following best represents the resulting solution?

A)SO₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ HSO₃(aq)+ OH^-(aq)
B)SO₃(aq)+ 2 H₂O( ) $\to$ SO₃^2-(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)
C)SO₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ H₂SO₄(aq)
D)SO₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ HSO₄^-(aq)+ H⁺(aq)
E)SO₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ H₂SO₃(aq)+ O₂(g)

Question 48

Which of the following is true regarding a phosphoric acid solution?

A)H₃PO₄ completely ionizes to form H₂PO₄^- and H₃O⁺.
B)At equilibrium,the major species present are H₂O,H₃O⁺ and PO₄^3-.
C)There are no HPO₄^2- or PO₄^3- ions present at equilibrium.
D)At equilibrium,H₃PO₄ is present at the highest concentration,followed by H₂PO₄^-,HPO₄^2-,and PO₄^3-.
E)H₃PO₄,H₂PO₄^-,HPO₄^2-,and PO₄^3- generate hydronium ions in the solution.

Question 49

In its reaction with water,phenol (C₆H₅OH)acts as a weak acid.Which of the following statements is false?

A)Hydronium ions are produced.
B)Ionization is not complete.
C)It generates hydroxide ions.
D)The pH of the solution at 25°C is less than 7.
E)The ionization reaction reaches equilibrium.

Question 50

When ammonia gas is dissolved in water,which of the following best represents the resulting solution?

A)NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ NH₄⁺(aq)+ OH^-(g)
B)NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ N^-(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)
C)NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ HNO₃(aq)
D)NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ NH₂O(aq)+ H₂(g)
E)NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ H₃O⁺(aq)+ N₂(g)

Question 51

Identify the acid in the following acid-base reaction. NH₃(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ NH₄⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)

A)NH₃
B)H₂O
C)NH₄⁺
D)OH^-
E)This is not an acid-base reaction.

Question 52

Which of the following statements about a sulfuric acid solution is false?

A)H₂SO₄ completely ionizes to form HSO₄^- and H₃O⁺.
B)At equilibrium,the only species present are H₂O,H₃O⁺,and SO₄^2-.
C)There are HSO₄^- ions present at equilibrium.
D)HSO₄^2 is a weaker acid than H₂SO₄.
E)H₂SO₄ is a diprotic acid.

Question 53

If 50.0 mL of a 0.10 M solution of sodium chloride is mixed with 50.0 mL of 0.10 M magnesium chloride,what is the molar concentration of chloride in the resulting solution?

A)0.10 M
B)0.20 M
C)0.050 M
D)0.15 M
E)0.25 M

Question 54

Identify the acid in the following acid-base reaction. H₂PO₄^-(aq)+ H₂O ( ) $\to$ HPO₄^2- (aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)

A)H₃O⁺
B)HPO₄^2-
C)H₂O
D)H₂PO₄^-
E)This is not an acid-base reaction.

Question 55

Ethylamine,C₂H₅NH₂,acts as a weak base in water.Which expression best represents this behavior?

A)C₂H₅NH₂(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ C₂H₅NH^-(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)
B)C₂H₅NH₂(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ C₂H₅NH₃⁺(aq)+ OH ^-(aq)
C)C₂H₅NH₂(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ C₂H₆(aq)+ NH₃(aq)+ OH^-(aq)
D)C₂H₅NH₂(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ HCN(aq)+ NH₃(g)+ OH ^-(aq)
E)C₂H₅NH₂(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ C₂H₅OH(aq)+ NH₃(aq)

Question 56

Which expression best represents the ionization of formic acid,HCO₂H,in water?

A)HCO₂H(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ CO₃^-(aq)+ H⁺(aq)
B)HCO₂H(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ CO₂^-(aq)+ 2 H₃O⁺(aq)
C)HCO₂H(aq)+ 2 H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ H₂CO₃(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)
D)HCO₂H(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ CO₂(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)
E)HCO₂H(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\leftrightarrows$ CO₂^-(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)

Question 57

Which one of the following statements regarding a weak acid is NOT correct?

A)A weak acid has a very low concentration.
B)A weak acid ionizes in water to produce hydronium ions.
C)A weak acid ionizes only to a small extent in water.
D)A weak acid neutralizes bases.
E)Acetic acid is an example.

Question 58

Which of the following is a strong base?

A)CH₃OH
B)HCOOH
C)NH₃
D)B(OH)₃
E)Ca(OH)₂

Question 59

In its reaction with water,ammonia (NH₃)__________

A)acts as an acid.
B)acts as a base.
C)acts neither as an acid nor as a base.
D)serves as both an acid and as a base.
E)causes a precipitate to form.

Question 60

Which of the following is a weak base?

A)CH₃OH
B)HCOOH
C)LiOH
D)CH₃NH₂
E)Ca(OH)₂

Question 61

What are the products in the complete ionic equation for the following reaction? HBr(aq)+ KOH(aq) $\to$ products

A)H₂O( )and KBr(s)
B)K⁺(aq),Br^-(aq),and H₂O( )
C)H₂O( ),K⁺(aq),and Br₂(aq)
D)KH(aq),H₂O( ),and BrOH(aq)
E)KH(aq)and BrOH(aq)

Question 62

In aqueous solutions,the dihydrogen phosphate ion (H₂PO₄^-)__________

A)acts as an acid.
B)acts as a base.
C)acts neither as an acid nor as a base.
D)can serve as both an acid and as a base.
E)causes a precipitate to form.

Question 63

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction of sodium carbonate with hydrobromic acid.

A)Na₂CO₃(aq) $\to$ Na₂⁺(aq)+ CO₃^2-(aq)
B)HBrO₃(aq) $\to$ H⁺(aq)+ BrO₃^-(aq)
C)Na⁺(aq)+ Br^-(aq) $\to$ NaBr(aq)
D)Na⁺(aq)+ CO₃^2-(aq)+ 2 H⁺(aq)+ Br^-(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )+ CO₂(g)+ Na⁺(aq)+ Br^-(aq)
E)2 H⁺(aq)+ CO₃^2-(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )+ CO₂(g)

Question 64

Two phosphoric acid molecules can combine to make pyrophosphoric acid and another molecule,as shown here.The pyrophosphoric acid molecule is a phosphoester and is a structural element in the ADP/ATP metabolic energy system.What molecule is represented by the question mark in the structural reaction equation below?

A)O₂
B)OH^-
C)H₂O
D)PO
E)H₂

Question 65

Identify the base in the following acid-base reaction. PbCO₃(s)+ H₂SO₄(aq) $\to$ PbSO₄(s)+ CO₂(g)+ H₂O( )

A)H₂SO₄
B)CO₂
C)SO₄^2-
D)H₂O
E)CO₃^2-

Question 66

Chalk contains calcium carbonate.What would be the best solution for cleaning the chalk off a sidewalk?

A)ammonia
B)plain water
C)olive oil
D)paint thinner
E)vinegar

Question 67

Which of the following best represents the molecular equation for the complete neutralization reaction of sulfuric acid with aqueous potassium hydroxide?

A)H₂SO₄(aq)+ KOH(aq) $\to$ HSO₄^-(aq)+ KHSO₄(aq)
B)H₂SO₄(aq)+ 2 KOH(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )+ 2 KSO₄(aq)
C)H₂SO₄(aq)+ KOH(aq) $\to$ KH(aq)+ 2H₂O( )+ SO₂(g)
D)H₂SO₄(aq)+ KOH(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )+ KHSO₄(aq)
E)H₂SO₄(aq)+ 2 KOH(aq) $\to$ 2 H₂O( )+ K₂SO₄(aq)

Question 68

Which is the total ionic equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with solid chromium(III)hydroxide? None of the products are solids.

A)3 H⁺(aq)+ 3 Cl^-(aq)+ Cr³⁺(aq)+ 3 OH^-(aq) $\to$ Cr³⁺(aq)+ 3 Cl^-(aq)+ 3 H₂O( )
B)3 H⁺(aq)+ 3 Cl(aq)+ Cr(OH)₃(s) $\to$ Cr³⁺(aq)+ 3 Cl^-(aq)+ 3 H₂O( )
C)6 H⁺(aq)+ 6 Cl^-(aq)+ Cr₂O₃(s) $\to$ 2 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 6 Cl^-(aq)+ 3 H₂O( )
D)3 HCl(aq)+ CrOH₃(s) $\to$ Cr³⁺(aq)+ 3 Cl^-(aq)+ 3 H₂O( )
E)H⁺(aq)+ Cl^-(aq)+ CrOH₃(s) $\to$ Cr³⁺(aq)+ Cl^-(aq)+ 2 H₂O( )

Question 69

Identify the base in the following acid-base reaction. H₂PO₄^-(aq)+ H₂O( ) $\to$ HPO₄^2-(aq)+ H₃O⁺(aq)

A)H₃O⁺
B)HPO₄^2-
C)H₂O
D)H₂PO₄^-
E)This is not an acid-base reaction.

Question 70

Identify the acid in the following acid-base reaction. CH₃NH₂(aq)+ HF(aq) $\to$ CH₃NH₃⁺(aq)+ F^-(aq)

A)CH₃NH₂
B)HF
C)CH₃NH₃⁺
D)F^-
E)This is not an acid-base reaction

Question 71

The layers in a particular gumball are (1)an outer layer of citric acid and malonic acid; (2)a layer of sugar and flavoring; (3)a layer of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃); and (4)gum.When a person starts to eat one of these gumballs,s/he puckers,smiles,and then foams at the mouth before starting to chew the gum itself.Where did the foam come from?

A)The sodium bicarbonate reacts with sugar,making carbon dioxide gas.
B)The sodium bicarbonate explodes when exposed to moisture.
C)The acids react with the sodium bicarbonate,making unstable carbonic acid.
D)The flavoring contains a foaming agent.
E)The acids react with the sugar making carbon volcano.

Question 72

What are the products in the molecular equation for the complete neutralization reaction of aqueous barium hydroxide and nitric acid?

A)BaNO₃(aq)+ H₂O( )
B)BaH₂(aq)+ 2NO(g)
C)Ba₂O(s)+ H₂O( )+ 2NO₂(g)
D)BaN₂(s)+ 2 H₂O( )
E)Ba(NO₃)₂(aq)+ 2H₂O( )

Question 73

Which of the following ionic compounds is insoluble in water?

A)BaSO₄
B)ZnCl₂
C)NaOH
D)Ca(NO₃)₂
E)KBr

Question 74

Hydroxyapatite [Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH)],the major component of tooth enamel,is attacked and decomposed by acids more readily than fluorapatite [Ca₅(PO₄)₃F].Which one of the following reactions is analogous to the reaction of hydroxyapatite with acid?

A)Ca(s)+ 2 HCl(aq) $\to$ CaCl₂(s)+ 2 H⁺
B)CaF₂(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq) $\to$ Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2 HF(aq)
C)Ca(OH)₂(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq) $\to$ Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2 H₂O( )
D)Ca(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq) $\to$ Ca²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)
E)Ca₃(PO₄)₂(s)+ 6H⁺(aq) $\to$ 3 Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2 H₃PO₄(aq)

Question 75

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction of rubidium hydroxide with nitric acid.

A)RbOH(aq) $\to$ Rb⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)
B)HNO₃(aq) $\to$ H⁺(aq)+ NO₃^-(aq)
C)Rb⁺(aq)+ NO₃^-(aq) $\to$ RbNO₃(aq)
D)H⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )
E)Rb⁺(aq)+ OH^-(aq)+ H⁺(aq)+ NO₃^-(aq) $\to$ H₂O( )+ RbNO₃(aq)

Question 76

Hard water,which contains Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions,tends to form a ring in a bathtub due to its reaction with the soluble anions in soap.The formation of this insoluble material is an example of __________

A)an acid-base reaction.
B)a precipitation reaction.
C)a redox reaction.
D)a combustion reaction.
E)a decomposition reaction.

Question 77

Identify the acid in the following acid-base reaction. 3 NaHSO₄(aq)+ Fe(OH)₃(s) $\to$ Fe³⁺(aq)+ 3 SO₄^2-(aq)+ 3 Na⁺(aq)+ 3 H₂O( )

A)HSO₄^2-
B)Na⁺
C)Fe³⁺
D)OH^-
E)SO₄^2-

Question 78

Limescale that builds up in showers,kettles,and pipes is often primarily composed of calcium carbonate.One limescale remover contains sulfamic acid (H₃NSO₃),which can be considered to be a strong monoprotic acid.Which reaction summarizes the action of sulfamic acid on limescale?

A)H⁺(aq)+ H₂NSO₃^-(aq)+ CaCO₃(s) $\to$ HCO₃^-(aq)+ HNSO₃^2-(aq)+ Ca⁺(aq)
B)3 H⁺(aq)+ NSO₃^-(aq)+ CaCO₃(s) $\to$ Ca²⁺(aq)+ HSO₃^-(aq)+ NO₂(g)+ CO₂(g)+ H₂O( )
C)2 H⁺(aq)+ 2 H₂NSO₃^-(aq)+ CaCO₃(s) $\to$ CO₂(g)+ 2 H₂NSO₃^-(aq)+ Ca²⁺(aq)+ H₂O( )
D)3 H⁺(aq)+ NSO₃^3-(aq)+ CaCO₃(s) $\to$ Ca²⁺(aq)+ NSO₃^3-(aq)+ CO₂(g)+ 3 HNO₂(aq)
E)3 H⁺(aq)+ NSO₃^- (aq)+ CaCO₃(s) $\to$ CaS(s)+ HCN(g)+ 3 H₂O( )

Question 79

Oxalic acid (H₂C₂O₄),a diprotic acid that is used in many cleaning and bleaching applications,can be toxic in high amounts when ingested.In 100 grams of parsley,there are about 0.02 moles of oxalic acid.Which of the following would completely neutralize this quantity of oxalic acid?

A)1 L of 0.02 M NaOH
B)0.4 L of 0.1 M KOH
C)0.5 L of 0.02 M Ba(OH)₂
D)0.25 L of 0.08 M KOH
E)0.1 L of 0.04M Ca(OH)₂

Question 80

Calcium hydroxide is slightly soluble in water.About 1 gram will dissolve in 1 liter.What are the spectator ions in the reaction of such a dilute solution of calcium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid?

A)Ca²⁺ and Cl^-
B)Ca²⁺ and OH^-
C)H₃O⁺ and OH^-
D)H₃O⁺ and Cl^-
E)Ca²⁺,Cl^-,H₃O⁺,and OH^-