Deck 3: Amino Acids

Question 1

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: Another name for dipolar molecules.

Answer 1

d

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: Disulfide bonds are formed by pairs of this amino acid.

Answer 2

h

Question 3

__________ are amino acids with neutral R groups containing an electronegative atom that hoards electrons.

Answer 3

Polar amino acids

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: The amino acid with a sulfhydryl side chain.

Question 5

The charge of glycine when the pH is < 2.0 is __________.

Question 6

The amino acid that contains a weakly acidic "phenolic" group is __________.

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: An amino acid that must be supplied by the diet.

Question 8

__________ is an amino acid with a hydrophobic side chain containing a thioether.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: The amino acid with a negatively charged side chain at neutral pH.

Question 10

Between the amino and the carboxyl functional group, the ________ has the lowest affinity for a proton.

Question 11

The ____________ group is the functional group that makes an amino acid more reactive than nonpolar amino acids such as valine, alanine, and phenylalanine.

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________:The amino acid with whose side group has a terminal carboxamide.

Question 13

The amino acid with an indol ring is __________.

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: Chiral type of amino acids found in proteins.

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: The amino acid with the abbreviation Ser.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: The amino acid with an imidazole side chain.

Question 17

The group of amino acids that can be supplied by an organism under a defined condition are the ______ amino acids.

Question 18

The amino acid with the smallest-size side chain allowing greatest flexibility in a protein is __________.

Question 19

____________ is often seen in a child with a protein-deficient diet.

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
a) L amino acids
b) water
c) protons
d) zwitterions
e) leucine
f) serine
g) tyrosine
h) cysteine
i) glutamate
j) histidine
k) proline
l) asparagine
m) D amino acids
____________: The amino acid with a pKa near neutral pH.

Question 21

A gene is mutated such that the amino acids glycine and glutamate are now alanine and leucine, respectively.What are the potential results of each of these mutations? Assume that the mutations are not near each other in the primary sequence and have no impact on the other.

Question 22

Which amino acid has a side chain with a hydroxyl group?

A) serine
B) alanine
C) tryptophan
D) histidine
E) glutamine

Question 23

Which amino acids contain reactive aliphatic hydroxyl groups?

A) serine and methionine
B) serine and threonine
C) methionine and threonine
D) cysteine and methionine
E) cysteine and threonine

Question 24

Interactions between side chains of and Aspartate and Arginine at neutral pH would be?

A) hydrophobic
B) ionic
C) hydrogen bonding
D) steric
E) covalent

Question 25

What is the advantage of protein interaction and assembly with other proteins?

Question 26

What are the four ways amino acids can be classified?

Question 27

Draw the general structure of an amino acid at pH 7.0 with the side group shown as an "R."

Question 28

What charged group(s) is/are present in glycine at a pH of 7?

A) -NH3+
B) -COO-
C) -NH2+
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 29

The overall charge of a peptide of the following peptide sequence at pH 1 would be (Asp-Gly-Arg-His):

A) −1
B) 0
C) 1
D) 2
E) 3

Question 30

What are the three aromatic amino acids?

Question 31

Which amino acid side chains are capable of ionization?

Question 32

Draw the structure of alanine, aspartic acid, and histidine when the pH is 1.0, 7.0, and 12.0.

Question 33

What is the net charge of each amino acid for each of the cases in the question above?

Question 34

Which amino acid has a carboxyl group in its side chain?

A) glutamine
B) galanine
C) cysteine
D) glutamate
E) None of the above.

Question 35

Name three amino acids that are positively charged at a neutral pH.

A) lysine and arginine
B) histidine and arginine
C) cysteine and arginine
D) lysine and proline
E) glutamine and histidine

Question 36

At a pH of 12, what charged group(s) is/are present in glycine?

A) -NH3+
B) -COO-
C) -NH2+
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C

Question 37

Which of the following amino acids would most likely be soluble in a nonpolar solvent such as benzene?

A) valine
B) histidine
C) glutamine
D) glycine
E) All of the above.

Question 38

What is the advantage of having multiple functional groups in proteins?

Question 39

In what pH range is zwitterionic alanine the predominate structure?

A) 0-2
B) 9-14
C) 8-10
D) 2-4
E) 2-9

Question 40

Why is the central carbon on an amino acid so important?

Question 41

Which amino acids have a side chain that includes a modified carboxyl group, carboxaminde?

Question 42

Which amino acid is responsible for stabilizing the stucture of a protein by forming pairs of sulfhydryl groups?

Question 43

Which are the branched amino acids and what impact do they have on protein shape?

Question 44

Which ionizable group has the lowest affinity for protons: the terminal ɑ-carboxyl group, the aspartic acid side group, or the terminal ɑ-amino group?

Question 45

Serine, threonine and tyrosine all have what in common?

Question 46

Even though malnourished, children with Kwashiorkor display a distended stomach, giving the illusion of being full. Why does this happen?

Question 47

What is the difference between nonessential and essential amino acids?

Question 48

List the essential amino acids.

Question 49

What functions make histadine an important amino acid?