Deck 3: Drugs and the Nervous System

Question 1

Receptors that activate second messengers are called:

A)ionotropic
B)metabotropic
C)messenger
D)channel

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The electrical activity along the axon that occurs when a neuron fires is called:

A)modal current
B)action potential
C)metabotropic activity
D)tomography

Answer 2

B

Question 3

___________ receptors are sometimes termed "fast" receptors because the entire process is completed in just a few milliseconds.

A)Partical
B)Channel
C)Ionotropic
D)Metabotropic

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter?

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)serotonin
D)acetylcholine
E)all of these are neurotransmitters

Question 5

The neurotransmitter that is active at the neuromuscular junction is __________.

A)acetylcholine
B)dopamine
C)myosin
D)serotonin

Question 6

If a neurotransmitter is viewed as a key,what structure would be viewed as the lock?

A)the axon
B)the synapse
C)the receptor
D)the axon terminal
E)none of these

Question 7

___________,a disease characterized by severe muscle weakness and fatigue,is caused by a blockage of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

A)Alzheimer's disease
B)Parkinson's disease
C)Muscular dystrophy
D)Myasthenia gravis

Question 8

Monoamine oxidase is __________.

A)the enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine and dopamine
B)a neurotransmitter
C)a schedule I drug
D)the part of the brain that regulates sex

Question 9

Neurotransmitters are released from the __________.

A)axon terminal
B)dendrites
C)receptor sites
D)synapse

Question 10

A compound that occupies a receptor,but does not activate the neuron is known as a(n)__________.

A)agonist
B)antagonist
C)enzyme
D)neurotransmitter

Question 11

____________ are specialized structures located on dendrites and cell bodies for neurons that are activated by neurotransmitters.

A)Receptor sites
B)Axon terminals
C)Synapses
D)Vesicles

Question 12

The site between neuron and muscle cells where chemical release causes muscle cells to contract is the ________________.

A)synapse
B)dendrite
C)neuromuscular junction
D)medulla
E)axon

Question 13

Which of the following processes are responsible for removing neurotransmitters from the synapse?

A)enzyme breakdown
B)reuptake
C)spontaneous disintegration
D)enzyme breakdown and reuptake

Question 14

The space between neurons is the __________.

A)axon
B)axon terminal
C)dendrite
D)synapse

Question 15

The neurotransmitter thought to be critical in the development of Alzheimer's disease is __________.

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)acetylcholine
D)serotonin

Question 16

Axons are frequently covered with a sheath known as __________.

A)dopamine
B)the exoskeleton
C)myelin
D)the dendritic membrane

Question 17

The transmission of information at the synapse is:

A)chemical
B)ontogenetic
C)electrical
D)all of these

Question 18

Drugs are believed to act on the nervous system by __________.

A)affecting the deactivation of neurotransmitters
B)mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters
C)changing the shape of the synapse
D)all of these
E)affecting the deactivation and mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters

Question 19

Receptors that are coupled to ion channels that regulate the number of charged particles inside the neuron are called:

A)ionotropic
B)metabotropic
C)partical
D)channel

Question 20

Neurotransmitters are stored in packages known as __________.

A)dendrites
B)vesicles
C)receptor sites
D)axons

Question 21

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated during emotional arousal is the __________.

A)parasympathetic branch
B)sympathetic branch
C)central branch
D)peripheral branch

Question 22

Heroin and other opiate drugs are thought to act by mimicking:

A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)endorphin
D)GABA
E)serotonin

Question 23

Which of the following neurotransmitters is mimicked by the active chemical in marijuana?

A)anandamide
B)acetylcholine
C)GABA
D)endorphin

Question 24

One of the primary functions of the reticular formation is to control __________.

A)release of hormones
B)sexual behavior
C)regulation of the autonomic nervous system
D)arousal and alertness level

Question 25

Which of the following is not one of the major divisions of the human brain?

A)hindbrain
B)midbrain
C)forebrain
D)backbrain

Question 26

Which of the following is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

A)monoamine oxidase
B)Aricept
C)L-dopa
D)Thorazine

Question 27

LSD acts as an agonist for which of the following neurotransmitters?

A)glutamate
B)serotonin
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine

Question 28

Progressive deterioration of motor control is a key symptom of:

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 29

What neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in schizophrenia?

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)acetylcholine
D)GABA

Question 30

The brain's major inhibitory neurotransmitter is __________.

A)endorphin
B)L-dopa
C)GABA
D)serotonin

Question 31

The brain structure that controls primary drives like hunger and thirst is the __________.

A)hippocampus
B)occipital cortex
C)hypothalamus
D)medulla

Question 32

Progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions are key symptoms of:

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 33

Recent research on adult neurogenesis has focused on the ____________.

A)hippocampus
B)pons
C)medulla
D)thalamus

Question 34

What neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in Parkinson's disease?

A)dopamine
B)glycine
C)norepinephrine
D)serotonin

Question 35

Norepinephrine,dopamine,and serotonin are known collectively as __________.

A)enzymes
B)antidepressants
C)peptides
D)monoamines

Question 36

Which of the following is not a monoamine?

A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)endorphin
D)norepinephrine

Question 37

Which of the following neurotransmitters is thought to modulate pain relief?

A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)GABA
D)endorphin

Question 38

What is the name of the brain structure that produces dopamine,and when damaged produces symptoms called Parkinson's disease?

A)medulla
B)thalamus
C)medial forebrain bundle
D)hippocampus
E)substantia nigra

Question 39

The system that "filters" blood before it enters the brain is called the __________.

A)periventricular system
B)blood-brain barrier
C)neural filtration system
D)hippocampus

Question 40

Some designer drugs produce what dangerous side effects?

A)Parkinson's symptoms and paralysis
B)death
C)heart attacks
D)stroke

Question 41

Which of the following techniques involves injecting radioactive isotopes into the brain?

A)CAT scan
B)PET scan
C)MRI
D)none of these

Question 42

Neural transmission is said to be electrical at the synapse.

Question 43

In chronic drug users,biological changes in the neural pathways can alter responsiveness to non-drug environmental stimuli.

Question 44

A compound that occupies and activates a receptor site is called an antagonist.

Question 45

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter.

Question 46

The botulinum toxin achieves its deadly effects by blocking the release of dopamine at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 47

The brain structure thought to be critical to the storage of memories is the __________.

A)hippocampus
B)cerebellum
C)hypothalamus
D)basal ganglia

Question 48

Which of the following are techniques used to assess brain damage?

A)Electroencephalography
B)Computerized axial tomography
C)Magnetic resonance imagery
D)all of these

Question 49

If a drug resulted in the spontaneous firing of neurons in the occipital lobes of the cortex,the result would be __________.

A)sexual arousal
B)auditory hallucinations
C)visual hallucinations
D)loss of memory

Question 50

Visual information is projected to the __________.

A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Question 51

The space between neurons is the axon.

Question 52

Magnetic resonance imagery is a method used to __________.

A)measure voltage in a single neuron
B)create a three-dimensional image of the brain
C)determine which chemicals are active at a given synapse
D)none of these

Question 53

Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme.

Question 54

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 55

Which of the following are structures of the basal ganglia?

A)hypothalamus,corpus callosum,thalamus
B)globus pallidus,caudate nucleus,putamen
C)cortex,reticular formation,hippocampus
D)none of these

Question 56

Neural firing is "all-or-none."

Question 57

Which of the following is often referred to as the pleasure center?

A)the medulla
B)the thalamus
C)the cerebellum
D)mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway

Question 58

Recent brain imaging research suggest that drug craving is associated with activity in the __________________.

A)hypothalamus
B)hippocampus
C)temporal lobe
D)limbic areas

Question 59

Phineas Gage damaged his frontal lobe in a freak accident.What problems did he experience after his injury?

A)Gage became paralyzed
B)He lost the ability to use language
C)He could no longer control his emotions or impulses
D)Gage was in a coma for 14 years

Question 60

Monoamine oxidase breaks down acetylcholine.

Question 61

The autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic branch and the peripheral branch.

Question 62

The mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway is the brain center involved with memory.

Question 63

GABA is the neurotransmitter thought to be critical in depression.

Question 64

The neurotransmitter mimicked by opiate drugs is endorphin.

Question 65

Suicidal behavior in depressed individuals has been linked to excessive serotonin activity.

Question 66

The hypothalamus is involved with the storage of memories.

Question 67

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance.

Question 68

New neurons continue to be born in the human brain even after a person reaches adulthood.

Question 69

Some designer drugs can cause brain damage.

Question 70

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.