Deck 12: Heart and Blood Vessels

Question 1

The _______ receives blood from the superior venae cavae and the coronary sinus.

A)right ventricle
B)left atrium
C)right atrium
D)left ventricle

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The membranous covering of the heart is the _______, which includes a loosely fitting pericardial sac composed of an inner _______ and an outer ________.

A)pericardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium; fibrous pericardium
B)epicardium; fibrous pericardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium
C)epicardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium; fibrous pericardium
D)endocardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium; epicardium

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The pulmonary circuit carries _________ blood from the _________ to the lungs and returns _________ blood to the _________.

A)deoxygenated; right ventricle; oxygenated; left atrium
B)deoxygenated; left ventricle; oxygenated; right atrium
C)oxygenated; right ventricle; deoxygenated; left atrium
D)oxygenated; left ventricle; deoxygenated; right atrium

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The ________ valve prevents backflow of blood from the aorta into the ________ ventricle.

A)pulmonary; left
B)aortic; left
C)aortic; right
D)pulmonary; right

Question 5

The _______ pumps blood into the aorta.

A)right atrium
B)left ventricle
C)right ventricle
D)left atrium

Question 6

The right atrium passes ________ blood through the ________ valve to the right ventricle.

A)oxygenated; tricuspid
B)deoxygenated; tricuspid
C)oxygenated; mitral
D)deoxygenated; mitral

Question 7

The visceral layer of serous pericardium is also known as

A)endothelium.
B)endocardium.
C)epicardium.
D)fibrous pericardium.

Question 8

The tricuspid valve prevents backflow of blood from the _________ into the _________.

A)right ventricle; right atrium
B)right atrium; right ventricle
C)left ventricle; left atrium
D)left atrium; left ventricle

Question 9

The ________ valve prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk into the ________ ventricle.

A)pulmonary; right
B)aortic; left
C)pulmonary; left
D)aortic; right

Question 10

The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the _________ into the _________.

A)left atrium; left ventricle
B)right ventricle; right atrium
C)right atrium; right ventricle
D)left ventricle; left atrium

Question 11

The left ventricle pumps ________ blood through the ________ valve.

A)deoxygenated; pulmonary
B)oxygenated; aortic
C)oxygenated; pulmonary
D)deoxygenated; aortic

Question 12

The _______ pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk.

A)right ventricle
B)left ventricle
C)right atrium
D)left atrium

Question 13

The pulmonary arteries carry _________ blood to the _________.

A)oxygenated; left atrium
B)deoxygenated; right atrium
C)deoxygenated; lungs
D)oxygenated; lungs

Question 14

The _________ receive(s) blood from ________ and supply(supplies) blood to the cardiac muscle tissue.

A)coronary arteries; aorta
B)coronary sinus; pulmonary arteries
C)coronary sinus; aorta
D)coronary arteries; pulmonary arteries

Question 15

The _______ receives blood from the pulmonary veins.

A)right atrium
B)right ventricle
C)left ventricle
D)left atrium

Question 16

Coronary sinus drains venous blood from the cardiac muscle tissue into

A)inferior vena cava.
B)right atrium.
C)left atrium.
D)superior vena cava.

Question 17

The right ventricle pumps ________ blood through the ________ valve.

A)oxygenated; pulmonary
B)deoxygenated; pulmonary
C)oxygenated; aortic
D)deoxygenated; aortic

Question 18

The pericardial cavity is located between the ___________ and the ____________.

A)epicardium; fibrous pericardium
B)epicardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium
C)fibrous pericardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium
D)endocardium; parietal layer of serous pericardium

Question 19

The left atrium passes ________ blood through the ________ valve to the right ventricle.

A)oxygenated; mitral
B)deoxygenated; mitral
C)oxygenated; tricuspid
D)deoxygenated; tricuspid

Question 20

The _________ receive(s) blood from all of the cardiac veins.

A)coronary sinus
B)pulmonary veins
C)inferior vena cava
D)superior vena cava

Question 21

The ventricles receive the impulses from the

A)SA node.
B)ventricular fibers.
C)bundle branches.
D)AV node.

Question 22

The QRS complex of an ECG is produced by the

A)repolarization of the atria.
B)depolarization of the atria.
C)repolarization of the ventricles.
D)depolarization of the ventricles.

Question 23

When _____________, blood flows passively into the atria and then passively into the ventricles.

A)both the atria and the ventricles contract
B)the atria contract and the ventricles relax
C)both the atria and the ventricles relax
D)the atria relax and the ventricles contract

Question 24

When the right ventricle contracts, the

A)right atrium always relaxes simultaneously.
B)right atrium always contracts simultaneously.
C)left atrium and left ventricle always relax simultaneously.
D)right atrium may contract or relax.

Question 25

Which of the following is the correct pathway of the electrical impulses of the heart conduction system?

A)SA node $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ AV bundle $\rightarrow$ AV branch $\rightarrow$ Ventricular fibers
B)AV node $\rightarrow$ SA node $\rightarrow$ AV bundle $\rightarrow$ AV branch $\rightarrow$ Ventricular fibers
C)SA node $\rightarrow$ AV bundle $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ AV branch $\rightarrow$ Ventricular fibers
D)SA node $\rightarrow$ AV node $\rightarrow$ AV branch $\rightarrow$ AV bundle $\rightarrow$ Ventricular fibers

Question 26

The cardiac output is the

A)volume of blood pumped from both ventricles in one minute.
B)volume of blood pumped from both ventricles per heartbeat.
C)volume of blood pumped from each ventricle in one minute.
D)volume of blood pumped from each ventricle per heartbeat.

Question 27

The SA node is located in the

A)right atrium at the junction of the superior vena cava.
B)right atrium near the junction with the interventricular septum.
C)right atrium near the junction with the interatrial septum.
D)left atrium near the junction with the interventricular septum.

Question 28

When _____________, blood is forced into the ventricles.

A)both the atria and the ventricles contract
B)the atria contract and the ventricles relax
C)both the atria and the ventricles relax
D)the atria relax and the ventricles contract

Question 29

The first heart sound (lub) results from the closing of the _________ valves in the beginning of __________.

A)AV; ventricular diastole
B)semilunar; ventricular systole
C)semilunar; ventricular diastole
D)AV; ventricular systole

Question 30

When _____________, blood pressure within the ventricles increases, which causes the AV valves to close and the semilunar valves to open.

A)the atria contract and the ventricles relax
B)both the atria and the ventricles contract
C)the atria relax and the ventricles contract
D)both the atria and the ventricles relax

Question 31

The second heart sound (dub) results from the closing of the _________ valves in the beginning of __________.

A)AV; ventricular diastole
B)semilunar; ventricular systole
C)semilunar; ventricular diastole
D)AV; ventricular systole

Question 32

The cardiac control center is located in the

A)medulla oblongata.
B)pons.
C)midbrain.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 33

The T wave of an ECG is produced by the

A)repolarization of the ventricles.
B)depolarization of the ventricles.
C)depolarization of the atria.
D)repolarization of the atria.

Question 34

The systemic circuit carries _________ blood from the _________ to all parts of the body except the lungs and returns _________ blood to the _________.

A)deoxygenated; left ventricle; oxygenated; right atrium
B)oxygenated; right ventricle; deoxygenated; left atrium
C)deoxygenated; right ventricle; oxygenated; left atrium
D)oxygenated; left ventricle; deoxygenated; right atrium

Question 35

The atria receive the impulses from the

A)SA node.
B)AV node.
C)bundle branches.
D)ventricular fibers.

Question 36

The pulmonary veins carry _________ blood to the _________.

A)deoxygenated; right atrium
B)oxygenated; left atrium
C)deoxygenated; lungs
D)oxygenated; lungs

Question 37

The contraction phase of a cardiac cycle, known as ________, ________ blood pressure. The relaxation phase of a cardiac cycle, known as ________, ________ blood pressure.

A)systole; decreases; diastole; increases
B)diastole; increases; systole; decreases
C)diastole; decreases; systole; increases
D)systole; increases; diastole; decreases

Question 38

The ____________ is(are) referred to as the pacemaker of the heart.

A)AV bundle
B)AV node
C)SA node
D)Ventricular fibers

Question 39

When the right atrium contracts, the

A)left atrium and left ventricle always relax simultaneously.
B)left atrium always relaxes simultaneously.
C)right ventricle always contracts simultaneously.
D)left atrium always contracts simultaneously.

Question 40

The P wave of an ECG is produced by the

A)depolarization of the ventricles.
B)depolarization of the atria.
C)repolarization of the ventricles.
D)repolarization of the atria.

Question 41

Arteries contain _____________ than veins.

A)more smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue
B)less smooth muscle and more elastic connective tissue
C)more smooth muscle and less elastic connective tissue
D)less smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue

Question 42

__________ play an important role in controlling blood flow and blood pressure.

A)Veins
B)Arteries and veins
C)Capillaries
D)Arteries

Question 43

Exchange of dissolved substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid occurs by

A)filtration and active transport.
B)diffusion.
C)diffusion and filtration.
D)diffusion and active transport.

Question 44

All of the following mechanisms assist veins in returning blood to the heart except

A)ventricular systole.
B)respiratory movements.
C)venous valves.
D)gravity.
E)contractions of skeletal muscles.

Question 45

Excess levels of blood K⁺

A)increase heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength.
B)decrease both heart rate and contraction strength.
C)increase both heart rate and contraction strength.
D)decrease heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength.

Question 46

As arterioles constrict, peripheral resistance __________ and blood pressure _________ accordingly.

A)decreases; decreases
B)increases; decreases
C)increases; increases
D)decreases; increases

Question 47

At the venular end of a capillary, fluid moves

A)from the interstitial fluid into the capillary by filtration.
B)out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid by filtration.
C)from the interstitial fluid into the capillary by osmosis.
D)out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid by osmosis.

Question 48

__________ contain nearly 60% of the total blood volume and are considered as storage areas for blood.

A)Arteries and veins
B)Veins
C)Arteries
D)Capillaries

Question 49

Valves are found in some

A)capillaries.
B)veins.
C)arteries.
D)arteries and veins.

Question 50

The nerve impulses from the sympathetic neurons ___________, while the nerve impulses from the parasympathetic neurons ___________.

A)increase heart rate and contraction strength; decrease heart rate and contraction strength
B)increase heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength; decrease heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength
C)decrease heart contraction and contraction strength; increase heart rate and contraction strength
D)increase heart rate and contraction strength; decrease heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength

Question 51

The wall of capillaries consists of

A)a layer of smooth muscle and an endothelium supported by a layer of areolar connective tissue.
B)tunica externa, tunica media, and an endothelium supported by a layer of areolar connective tissue.
C)an endothelium supported by a layer of areolar connective tissue.
D)tunica externa and an endothelium supported by a layer of areolar connective tissue.

Question 52

An increase in _________ nerve impulse frequency results in a(n) __________ in blood pressure.

A)parasympathetic; decrease
B)parasympathetic; increase
C)sympathetic; decrease
D)sympathetic; increase

Question 53

The tunica media is found in

A)veins only.
B)arteries and veins only.
C)arteries, veins, and capillaries.
D)arteries only.

Question 54

The diastolic blood pressure is the lowest systemic arterial blood pressure during

A)atrial relaxation.
B)atrial contraction.
C)ventricular relaxation.
D)ventricular contraction.

Question 55

The systolic blood pressure is the greatest systemic arterial blood pressure during

A)atrial contraction.
B)atrial relaxation.
C)ventricular relaxation.
D)ventricular contraction.

Question 56

At the arteriolar end of a capillary, fluid moves

A)from the interstitial fluid into the capillary by filtration.
B)out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid by osmosis.
C)out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid by filtration.
D)from the interstitial fluid into the capillary by osmosis.

Question 57

Precapillary sphincters control the flow of blood from

A)arteries to arterioles.
B)capillary network to arterioles.
C)capillary network to venules.
D)arterioles to capillary network.

Question 58

As a person's total length of the blood vessels increases, peripheral resistance _________, and the blood pressure _________ accordingly.

A)increases; increases
B)decreases; increases
C)decreases; decreases
D)increases; decreases

Question 59

Reduced levels of blood Ca²⁺

A)increase heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength.
B)decrease both heart rate and contraction strength.
C)decrease heart rate but do not affect heart contraction strength.
D)increase both heart rate and contraction strength.

Question 60

The stroke volume is the

A)volume of blood pumped from each ventricle in one minute.
B)volume of blood pumped from each ventricle per heartbeat.
C)volume of blood pumped from both ventricles per heartbeat.
D)volume of blood pumped from both ventricles in one minute.

Question 61

The celiac trunk supplies blood to all of the following except the

A)small intestine.
B)spleen.
C)stomach.
D)liver.

Question 62

__________ is hardening of arteries resulting from calcium deposits that accumulate in the tunica media of arterial walls.

A)Aneurysm
B)Arteriosclerosis
C)Atherosclerosis
D)Phlebitis

Question 63

Myocardial infarction is usually caused by an obstruction of

A)the aorta.
B)a pulmonary vein.
C)a coronary artery.
D)a cardiac vein.

Question 64

The sequence of veins returning blood from the stomach is

A)gastric veins $\rightarrow$ inferior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.
B)gastric veins $\rightarrow$ hepatic vein $\rightarrow$ liver $\rightarrow$ inferior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.
C)gastric veins $\rightarrow$ liver $\rightarrow$ hepatic portal vein $\rightarrow$ inferior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.
D)gastric veins $\rightarrow$ hepatic portal vein $\rightarrow$ liver $\rightarrow$ hepatic vein $\rightarrow$ inferior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.

Question 65

The artery carrying blood from the abdominal aorta to the distal part of the large intestine is the

A)inferior mesenteric artery.
B)celiac trunk.
C)common iliac artery.
D)superior mesenteric artery.

Question 66

____________ is a rapid heart rate in which the contractions are uncoordinated.

A)Heart flutter
B)Fibrillation
C)Tachycardia
D)Bradycardia

Question 67

The viscera within the pelvis are drained through the __________ vein.

A)hepatic portal
B)internal iliac
C)inferior mesenteric
D)external iliac

Question 68

In addition to the carotid arteries, the brain is also supplied with blood through the

A)vertebral arteries.
B)axillary arteries.
C)thoracic aorta.
D)posterior intercostal arteries.

Question 69

The sequence of veins draining most of the blood from either side of the brain is

A)external jugular vein $\rightarrow$ common jugular vein $\rightarrow$ superior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium
B)internal jugular vein $\rightarrow$ superior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.
C)internal jugular vein $\rightarrow$ brachiocephalic vein $\rightarrow$ superior vena cava --> right atrium.
D)external jugular vein $\rightarrow$ brachiocephalic vein $\rightarrow$ superior vena cava $\rightarrow$ right atrium.

Question 70

The three branches off of the aorta that supply blood to the upper limbs and head are the

A)right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery, and brachiocephalic trunk.
B)left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, and brachiocephalic trunk.
C)brachiocephalic trunk, right subclavian artery, and left subclavian artery.
D)brachiocephalic trunk, right subclavian artery, and left common carotid artery.

Question 71

__________ is the formation of fatty deposits along the tunica intima of arterial walls.

A)Phlebitis
B)Arteriosclerosis
C)Atherosclerosis
D)Aneurysm

Question 72

The artery carrying blood from the abdominal aorta to most of the small intestine is the

A)inferior mesenteric artery.
B)superior mesenteric artery.
C)celiac trunk.
D)common iliac artery.

Question 73

The sequence of arteries supplying most of the blood to either knee is

A)abdominal aorta $\rightarrow$ common iliac artery $\rightarrow$ deep femoral artery $\rightarrow$ anterior tibial artery $\rightarrow$ poplitea artery
B)abdominal aorta $\rightarrow$ common iliac artery $\rightarrow$ internal iliac artery $\rightarrow$ femoral artery $\rightarrow$ popliteal artery
C)abdominal aorta $\rightarrow$ common iliac artery $\rightarrow$ external iliac artery $\rightarrow$ femoral artery $\rightarrow$ popliteal artery
D)abdominal aorta $\rightarrow$ internal iliac artery $\rightarrow$ deep femoral artery $\rightarrow$ anterior tibial artery $\rightarrow$ popliteal artery