Deck 3: Anatomical Structure of the Cell

Question 1

Rigid areas of densely packed phospholipids, cholesterol, and protein in the cell membrane are called

A) rachis.
B) rafts.
C) rimula.
D) rugae.

Answer 1

rafts.

Question 2

Within the cell secretory granules, mitochondria and lysosomes will attach to

A) microfilaments.
B) microtubules.
C) peripheral proteins.
D) tonofilaments.

Answer 2

microtubules.

Question 3

This thickest and strongest fiber in a cell is the

A) centrosome.
B) microtubule.
C) peroxisome.
D) spindle apparatus.

Answer 3

microtubule.

Question 4

Actin and myosin proteins form

A) cytosol.
B) intermediate fibers.
C) microfilaments.
D) microtubules.

Question 5

Membrane receptors are

A) glycolipids and keratin.
B) glycoproteins and glycolipids.
C) integral proteins and glycoproteins.
D) keratin and flagella.

Question 6

In the lipid bilayer that makes up the cell membrane the hydrophobic fatty acids are

A) the inside of the membrane.
B) the outside of the membrane.
C) within the fluid mosaic.
D) within the membrane.

Question 7

Chemical messengers that bind to specific binding sites on cell surfaces and bring about a change in the cell's activity are called

A) caveolae.
B) cell adhesion molecules.
C) flagella.
D) ligands.

Question 8

Glycoproteins that cover the surfaces of almost all mammalian cells and allow the cells to bond with one another are called

A) cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).
B) caveolae.
C) glycocalyx.
D) ligands.

Question 9

Which organelle in a cell is involved in the synthesis and storage of lipids?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) mitochondria
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

The function of a flagellum is to

A) move a cell through a fluid.
B) move fluid across a cell.
C) move fluid into a cell.
D) move fluid out of a cell.

Question 11

Cell membrane proteins that occur inside the lipid bilayer are called

A) globular proteins.
B) integral proteins.
C) peripheral proteins.
D) structural proteins.

Question 12

Prions are unique in that they

A) are not infectious.
B) are not inherited.
C) are proteins.
D) lack DNA and RNA.

Question 13

Which organelle in the cell is an important site for protein synthesis?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) lysosome
C) mitochondria
D) ribosome

Question 14

The viscous, semitransparent fluid of the cell is the

A) cytoskeleton.
B) cytosol.
C) fluid mosaic.
D) globular protein.

Question 15

The outside "sugar" coating of the cell membrane is called the

A) cytoskeleton.
B) cytosol.
C) glycocalyx.
D) glycolipid.

Question 16

A neurofilament is an example of a/an

A) integral protein.
B) interconnecting fiber.
C) intermediate fiber (of nerve cells).
D) microfilament.

Question 17

Cilia are located

A) in the cytoplasm of the cell.
B) on the inner surface of the plasma membrane.
C) on the surface of the cell.
D) within the plasma membrane.

Question 18

Microtubules, intermediate fibers, and microfilaments are all parts of the

A) cytoskeleton.
B) cytosol.
C) fluid mosaic.
D) integral proteins.

Question 19

Pores in the cell membrane are formed by

A) globular proteins.
B) integral proteins.
C) peripheral proteins.
D) water.

Question 20

A virus is composed of a

A) carbohydrate-covered capsule that contains either one strand of DNA or one strand of RNA.
B) carbohydrate-covered capsule that contains one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA.
C) protein-covered capsule that contains either one strand of DNA or one strand of RNA.
D) protein-covered capsule that contains one strand of DNA and one strand of RNA.

Question 21

Protein molecules are moved from the cytoplasm into the nucleus through

A) nuclear pore complexes.
B) nucleoli.
C) nucleoplasm.
D) perinuclear cisterna.

Question 22

Which organelle in the cell breaks down large nutrient molecules into smaller molecules that can be used as fuel in the cell?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) lysosome
C) mitochondria
D) ribosome

Question 23

When a cell dies, which organelle is responsible for autolysis?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) lysosome
C) ribosome
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 24

The control center of a cell is the

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) mitochondria.
C) nucleus.
D) ribosome.

Question 25

Ribosomes that are not free in the cytoskeleton of a cell are attached to the

A) mitochondria.
B) plasmalemma.
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 26

Where in the cell does respiration, where oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is excreted, take place?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) mitochondria
C) peroxisome
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

During cell division X-shaped chromosomes are formed from

A) adenine.
B) chromatin.
C) cytosine.
D) histones.

Question 28

Under light microscopy the dark strands visible in the nucleoplasm are

A) chromosomes.
B) coiled chromatin.
C) extended chromatin.
D) genes.

Question 29

The outer layer of a cell's nuclear membrane is continuous with the

A) cell membrane.
B) endoplasmic reticulum.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) mitochondria.

Question 30

Which protein degradation "machine" within the cell breaks down unwanted proteins one protein at a time?

A) lysosome
B) peroxisome
C) proteasome
D) ribosome

Question 31

Small invaginations in the cell membrane are called

A) caveolae.
B) cilia.
C) rafts.
D) vesicles.

Question 32

Lysosomes are formed by the

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) mitochondria.
C) proteasome.
D) ribosomes.

Question 33

Which organelle in a cell acts as a modification, packaging, and distribution center for molecules destined for secretion?

A) Golgi apparatus
B) lysosome
C) mitochondria
D) ribosome

Question 34

DNA and RNA are made up of chains of

A) five-carbon sugars.
B) nucleoli.
C) nucleotides.
D) phosphates.

Question 35

Fat globules in a cell are considered

A) inclusions.
B) lysosomes.
C) vacuoles.
D) vesicles.

Question 36

The powerhouse of a cell is the

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) lysosome.
C) mitochondria.
D) ribosome.

Question 37

The most common organelle in a cell is the

A) Golgi apparatus.
B) ribosome.
C) rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 38

The nitrogen base thymine (T) found in DNA can bind only to

A) adenine (A).
B) cytosine (C).
C) guanine (G).
D) uracil (U).

Question 39

The organelle that is considered the garbage disposal of the cell because it contains digestive enzymes is the

A) lysosome.
B) mitochondria.
C) ribosome.
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 40

Which organelle assists in the removal of free radicals, normal products of cellular metabolism?

A) cisternae
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) vaults

Question 41

Gene regulation is a function of

A) chromatin.
B) DNA.
C) histones.
D) RNA.