Deck 14: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

The large blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation is the

A) aorta.
B) coronary artery.
C) coronary vein.
D) vena cava.

Answer 1

vena cava.

Question 2

The right atrium pumps blood into the

A) aorta.
B) left atrium.
C) pulmonary artery.
D) right ventricle.

Answer 2

right ventricle.

Question 3

Another name for the right semilunar valve is the

A) aortic valve.
B) mitral valve.
C) pulmonary valve.
D) tricuspid valve.

Answer 3

pulmonary valve.

Question 4

The interatrial septum is a continuation of the

A) endocardium.
B) epicardium.
C) myocardium.
D) pericardium.

Question 5

The interventricular septum is a continuation of the

A) chordae tendineae.
B) coronary groove.
C) interatrial septum.
D) papillary muscles.

Question 6

Which chamber of the heart sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation when it contracts?

A) left atrium
B) left ventricle
C) right atrium
D) right ventricle

Question 7

Chordae tendineae are found in the

A) atria.
B) auricles.
C) interatrial septum.
D) ventricles.

Question 8

The apex of the heart is made up of the

A) wall of the left atrium.
B) wall of the left ventricle.
C) wall of the right atrium.
D) wall of the right ventricle.

Question 9

The atria of the heart sit at the __ of the heart

A) apex
B) base
C) left side
D) right side

Question 10

The type of blood vessel that usually carries oxygenated blood away from the heart is a/an

A) artery.
B) auricle.
C) vein.
D) ventricle.

Question 11

Cardiac muscle can generate its own contractions and relaxations and is therefore called

A) eugenic muscle.
B) smooth muscle.
C) voluntary.
D) autorhythmic muscle.

Question 12

Deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation enters the heart at the

A) left atrium.
B) left ventricle.
C) right atrium.
D) right ventricle.

Question 13

The fibrous sac that encloses the heart is the

A) endocardium.
B) epicardium.
C) myocardium.
D) pericardium.

Question 14

The heart is located in the thoracic cavity in the space between the two lungs. This space is called the

A) median plane.
B) mediastinum.
C) meninx.
D) menstruum.

Question 15

Which chamber of the heart sends oxygenated blood to systemic circulation when it contracts?

A) left atrium
B) left ventricle
C) right atrium
D) right ventricle

Question 16

Another name for the left atrioventricular valve is the

A) aortic valve.
B) mitral valve.
C) pulmonary valve.
D) tricuspid valve.

Question 17

The membrane that lines the chambers of the heart is the

A) endocardium.
B) epicardium.
C) myocardium.
D) pericardium.

Question 18

The outermost layer of the heart itself is the

A) endocardium.
B) epicardium.
C) myocardium.
D) pericardium.

Question 19

When looking at a standing animal from the side, you would locate the heart

A) at the level of the last rib.
B) at the thoracic inlet.
C) between its right and left carpal joints.
D) between its right and left olecranon processes.

Question 20

The pulmonary circulation begins when deoxygenated blood passes through the __ into the pulmonary circulation.

A) left semilunar valve
B) mitral valve
C) right semilunar valve
D) tricuspid valve

Question 21

Oxygenated blood is carried from the mother to a fetus through the

A) placental artery.
B) placental vein.
C) umbilical artery.
D) umbilical vein.

Question 22

The two ions that are responsible for the initial depolarization of cardiac muscle as they travel from the outside of a muscle cell to the inside of the cell are

A) calcium and potassium ions.
B) sulfide and sodium ions.
C) potassium and sulfide ions.
D) sodium and calcium ions.

Question 23

Which one of the following arteries is most commonly used to check the pulse on a cat?

A) coccygeal artery
B) femoral artery
C) mandibular artery
D) posterior digital artery

Question 24

The inner layer of a blood vessel is the

A) endocardium.
B) endomysium.
C) endothelium.
D) epithelium.

Question 25

Arterioles are

A) large capillary beds.
B) large elastic arteries.
C) small elastic arteries.
D) small muscular arteries.

Question 26

Which valves produce the second heart sound when they snap shut?

A) aortic valve and mitral valve
B) mitral valve and tricuspid valve
C) pulmonary valve and aortic valve
D) tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve

Question 27

The majority of exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissue takes place at the __ level.

A) capillary bed
B) small elastic artery
C) small muscular arteriole
D) venule

Question 28

Which one of the following arteries is most commonly used to check the pulse on a horse?

A) aorta
B) carotid artery
C) coccygeal artery
D) mandibular artery

Question 29

What type of muscle is found in the middle layer of a muscular artery's wall?

A) involuntary, nonstriated muscle
B) involuntary, striated muscle
C) voluntary, nonstriated muscle
D) voluntary, striated muscle

Question 30

The largest elastic artery in an animal's body is the

A) aorta.
B) coronary artery.
C) femoral artery.
D) pulmonary artery.

Question 31

The impulse to begin each heartbeat of the heart comes from the

A) atrioventricular node.
B) bundle of His.
C) Purkinje fiber system.
D) sinoatrial node.

Question 32

The largest vein in an animal's body is the

A) aorta.
B) coronary vein.
C) femoral vein.
D) vena cava.

Question 33

The impulse created by the natural pacemaker of the heart travels

A) across both atria at the apex of the heart to the atrioventricular septum, through the interventricular septum to the base of the heart, and back to the apex of the heart.
B) across both atria at the base of the heart to the atrioventricular septum, through the interventricular septum to the apex of the heart, and back to the base of the heart.
C) across both ventricles at the apex of the heart to the interventricular septum, through the atrioventricular septum to the base of the heart, and back to the apex of the heart.
D) across both ventricles at the base of the heart to the interventricular septum, through the atrioventricular septum to the apex of the heart, and back to the base of the heart.

Question 34

The __ represents the strength of a heartbeat.

A) afterload
B) heart rate
C) preload volume
D) stroke volume

Question 35

Contraction of a heart chamber is called

A) depolarization.
B) diastole.
C) repolarization.
D) systole.

Question 36

The structures that make up the primary cardiac conduction, in the order that the impulse travels through them, are the

A) AV node, SA node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fiber system.
B) Purkinje fiber system, AV node, SA node, and bundle of His.
C) Purkinje fiber system, bundle of His, AV node, and SA node.
D) SA node, AV node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fiber system.

Question 37

The ductus arteriosus in a fetus allows blood to flow

A) directly from the left atrium into the right atrium.
B) directly from the right atrium into the left atrium.
C) directly into the aorta from the pulmonary artery.
D) directly into the vena cava from the pulmonary vein.

Question 38

Tricuspid valve stenosis results when the tricuspid valve

A) doesn't close completely during ventricular diastole.
B) doesn't close completely during ventricular systole.
C) doesn't open completely during atrial diastole.
D) doesn't open completely during atrial systole.

Question 39

Which type of blood vessel has one-way valves in its lumen?

A) capillaries
B) elastic arteries
C) muscular arteries
D) veins

Question 40

Cardiac output is determined by

A) heart rate and diastolic discharge.
B) stroke volume and diastolic discharge.
C) stroke volume and heart rate.
D) systole discharge and stroke volume.

Question 41

Systolic blood pressure measures

A) the force by which blood is ejected from the left ventricle during systole.
B) the force by which blood is ejected from the right ventricle during systole.
C) the pressure remaining in the aorta during left ventricular diastole.
D) the pressure remaining in the aorta during right ventricular diastole.

Question 42

On an ECG reading of one cardiac cycle, the contraction of the main mass of the ventricles is represented by the

A) P wave.
B) Q wave.
C) R wave.
D) T wave.

Question 43

Which vein can be used for venipuncture in nearly all species of animals?

A) coronary vein
B) femoral vein
C) jugular vein
D) saphenous vein