Deck 13: Immunity and Defense

Question 1

Which blood cell becomes a macrophage when it enters tissue?

A) eosinophil
B) lymphocyte
C) monocyte
D) neutrophil

Answer 1

monocyte

Question 2

External innate immunity depends on

A) complement receptors.
B) cytokines.
C) inflammation.
D) intact skin.

Answer 2

intact skin.

Question 3

Another name for programmed cell death caused by NK cells is

A) apathism.
B) apoptosis.
C) cytokinesis.
D) cytophagia.

Answer 3

apoptosis.

Question 4

An immunoglobulin is also known as a/an

A) antibody.
B) antigen.
C) parietal cell.
D) plasma cell.

Question 5

Adaptive immunity

A) is associated with erythrocytes.
B) is associated with memory cells.
C) is nonspecific.
D) is quick to respond to an invading organism.

Question 6

Lysosomes in the cytoplasm of a phagocyte contain

A) complement.
B) cytokines.
C) digestive enzymes.
D) digestive hormones.

Question 7

Any organism that is capable of causing disease is considered a/an

A) antibody.
B) bacteria.
C) pathogen.
D) virus.

Question 8

The complement system can alter a microbial cell membrane through a process of ___ that makes the microbe more "visible" to a phagocyte.

A) chemotaxis
B) exocytosis
C) leukopoiesis
D) opsonization

Question 9

What cell is responsible for production, storage, and release of antibodies?

A) B lymphocyte
B) parietal cell
C) plasma cell
D) T lymphocyte

Question 10

Chemotaxis is the process of

A) attaching a phagocyte to a bacteria cell wall.
B) attracting phagocytes to a site of injury.
C) ingesting an invading bacteria.
D) releasing destroyed bacteria from a phagocyte.

Question 11

Redness, swelling, heat, and pain are the four cardinal signs of inflammation. A fifth sign that is frequently added is

A) lethargy.
B) loss of function.
C) phagocytosis.
D) pus formation.

Question 12

The two most important functions of the complement system are to alter microbial cell membranes and

A) inactivate macrophages.
B) initiate an inflammatory response.
C) reduce phagocytosis.
D) release digestive enzymes into a phagosome.

Question 13

Where on an animal would you look for the popliteal lymph node?

A) caudal aspect of the hamstring muscles
B) caudal to the mandible
C) cranial to the shoulder
D) in the inguinal region

Question 14

Natural killer cells are

A) not part of the immune system.
B) part of both the innate and adaptive immune systems.
C) part of the adaptive immune system only.
D) part of the innate immune system only.

Question 15

An animal's first line of defense against potential disease-causing organisms is the

A) macrophages.
B) neutrophils.
C) skin.
D) spleen.

Question 16

The innate immune system

A) develops as the animal matures.
B) discriminates against certain types of foreign invaders.
C) is dependent on the production of antibodies.
D) is fast to respond to foreign invaders.

Question 17

Excessive numbers of chylomicrons in blood can cause

A) hemodilution.
B) hemolysis.
C) leukopenia.
D) lipemia.

Question 18

A dendritic cell is a macrophage found in

A) bone.
B) liver.
C) lymph nodes.
D) nerve tissue.

Question 19

The type of cytokine that is produced by virus-infected cells and attaches to the cell membranes of nearby noninfected cells is a/an

A) chemokine.
B) interferon.
C) interleukin.
D) opsonin.

Question 20

Where do T lymphocytes mature?

A) lymph nodes
B) spleen
C) thymus
D) thyroid

Question 21

The virulence of a pathogen refers to

A) the mobility of the pathogen.
B) the relative size of the pathogen.
C) the relative strength of the pathogen.
D) the source of the pathogen.

Question 22

Helper T cells help the immune response by secreting __ into the surrounding tissue.

A) antibodies
B) cytokines
C) hydrogen peroxide
D) toxins

Question 23

What type of immunologic cell can protect an animal from a pathogen after the animal's initial exposure and during a subsequent exposure?

A) macrophage
B) memory B cell
C) naïve lymphocyte
D) NK cell

Question 24

Transplacental antibody transfer from mother to fetus is an example of

A) active immunity.
B) cell-mediated immunity.
C) humoral immunity.
D) passive immunity.

Question 25

If you see a lymphocyte on a stained blood smear, it is most likely what type of lymphocyte?

A) B cell
B) dendritic cell
C) Kupffer cell
D) T cell

Question 26

When an animal receives a vaccine, about how long will it take before the animal's immune system will protect the animal from disease?

A) 2 days
B) 2 hours
C) 2 months
D) 2 weeks

Question 27

The type of immunoglobulin produced through intranasal vaccination is

A) IgA.
B) IgD.
C) IgE.
D) IgM.

Question 28

What type of cell will inhibit helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells?

A) macrophages
B) NK cells
C) plasma cells
D) regulatory T cells

Question 29

The immunoglobulin that protects body surfaces such as mucosal surfaces from foreign microorganisms is

A) IgA.
B) IgG.
C) IgE.
D) IgM.

Question 30

The first immunoglobulin produced by newborn animals is

A) IgA.
B) IgE.
C) IgG.
D) IgM.

Question 31

The type of hypersensitivity reaction that can be associated with a severe allergic reaction from a second exposure to an antigen is

A) type I reaction.
B) type II reaction.
C) type III reaction.
D) type IV reaction.

Question 32

Which specific type of immunity is involved in antibody production?

A) adaptive immunity
B) cell-mediated immunity
C) humoral immunity
D) innate immunity

Question 33

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia results from a

A) type I reaction.
B) type II reaction.
C) type III reaction.
D) type IV reaction.

Question 34

The most common immunoglobulin produced after an animal has been exposed to a pathogen for a long time is

A) IgA.
B) IgE.
C) IgG.
D) IgM.

Question 35

What cell is responsible for immunity against intracellular pathogens?

A) B lymphocytes
B) monocytes
C) plasma cells
D) T lymphocytes

Question 36

An attenuated vaccine contains

A) killed virus.
B) live antibodies.
C) modified live antibodies.
D) modified live virus.