Deck 13: A Different Kind of Hero: The Quest of Odysseus

Question 1

According to Carl Rogers, the therapist's _____ determine(s) the success of therapy.

A) mastery of the techniques of interpreting the client's transference
B) ability to reflect the client's emotions
C) skill in applying positive reinforcement
D) attitude toward the client

Answer 1

attitude toward the client

Question 2

Humanistic psychotherapists believe that individuals are born with a tendency toward healthy growth. The term that best describes this tendency is

A) transference.
B) insight.
C) self-actualization.
D) unconditional positive regard.

Answer 2

self-actualization.

Question 3

According to the humanistic approach, there are three essential therapeutic conditions that characterize successful therapist/client relationships. These three essential therapeutic conditions include

A) unconditional positive regard.
B) genuineness.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

__________, according to humanists, is essentially the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us.

A) Reflection
B) Genuineness
C) Positive regard
D) Congruence

Question 5

Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom are most closely associated with ______________ psychotherapy.

A) psychodynamic
B) existential
C) behavioral
D) gestalt

Question 6

Jill is a 13-year-old girl whose mother loves her "no matter what." According to humanistic psychotherapists, Jill's mother

A) has placed excessive conditions of worth on her daughter.
B) has provided her daughter with conditional positive regard.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above

Question 7

___________, developed by William Miller, is a contemporary application of the principles of humanism.

A) Existential psychotherapy
B) Quality of life therapy
C) Motivational interviewing
D) Behavioral consultation

Question 8

According to Rogers, the term ________ is synonymous with positive regard.

A) "reflection"
B) "prizing"
C) "self-actualization"
D) "gestalt"

Question 9

According to the humanistic approach, ___________ is the root of psychopathology.

A) reflection.
B) incongruence.
C) fixation.
D) positive regard.

Question 10

Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy places the strongest emphasis on empathy provided by the therapist?

A) cognitive
B) psychoanalytic
C) humanistic
D) behavioral

Question 11

According to the humanistic approach, conditional positive regard from others brings forth

A) reflection.
B) conditional positive self-regard.
C) genuineness.
D) self-actualization.

Question 12

_________ is a pioneer of the humanistic approach to psychotherapy.

A) Sigmund Freud
B) B. F. Skinner
C) Donald Meichenbaum
D) Carl Rogers

Question 13

According to the humanistic approach, it is important for the therapist to communicate ________ to the client, which is described as the ability to sense the client's emotions compassionately and without judgment.

A) genuineness
B) congruence
C) empathy
D) conditions of worth

Question 14

According to the humanistic approach, there are three essential therapeutic conditions that characterize successful therapist/client relationships. These three essential therapeutic conditions include

A) empathy
B) conditional positive regard
C) interpretation
D) all of the above

Question 15

Which of the following best describes genuineness as it is understood and applied by humanistic psychotherapists?

A) a client reporting honestly to a therapist about the client's activities since the previous session
B) a therapist's true feelings of empathy and prizing toward a client
C) a therapist prizing a client "no matter what"
D) a therapist accurately recognizing a client's emotional state even when the client has not stated it explicitly

Question 16

According to the humanistic approach, psychological health is enhanced by

A) a match between the real self and the ideal self.
B) conditional positive regard.
C) all of the above
D) none of the above

Question 17

Abraham Maslow is most closely associated with the _________ approach to psychotherapy.

A) humanistic
B) psychodynamic
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Question 18

The primary goal of humanistic psychotherapy is

A) to foster self-actualization
B) to make the unconscious conscious.
C) rational, logical thought.
D) behavior change via techniques based on operant and classical conditioning.

Question 19

According to Carl Rogers, the three essential therapeutic conditions were _____ to psychotherapy to be successful with any client.

A) necessary
B) sufficient
C) all of the above
D) none of the above

Question 20

In humanistic psychotherapy, _______ takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.

A) emotional consequence
B) reflection
C) congruence
D) countertransference

Question 21

Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom are most closely associated with ______________ psychotherapy.

A) substance-related disorders.
B) weight-loss efforts.
C) gambling.
D) all of the above.

Question 22

According to humanists, what is reflection? What did Rogers recommend about the use of reflection?

Question 23

According to humanists, what are the real self and the ideal self? What causes them to differ from one another?

Question 24

Briefly summarize the three essential therapeutic conditions according to humanistic psychotherapy.

Question 25

Briefly summarize the difference between humanistic and psychodynamic psychotherapists regarding human nature, and how their views of human nature relate to their respective approaches to psychotherapy.

Question 26

Of the following therapies based on humanistic principles, which has accumulated the most empirical evidence for its efficacy in recent decades?

A) Gestalt therapy
B) motivational interviewing
C) psychoanalysis
D) existential therapy

Question 27

Sometimes, clients will argue in favor of continuing with the problem behavior rather than stopping or replacing it. According to the motivational interview approach to therapy, this client behavior is labeled

A) rolling with resistance.
B) change talk.
C) sustain talk.
D) developing the discrepancy.

Question 28

What has recent research suggested about Carl Rogers' claim about the three essential therapeutic conditions being both necessary and sufficient?