Deck 11: Additional Groups of Victims With Special Problems

Question 1

During the 1990s, the rates of all forms of violence at work _____.

A) increased slightly
B) skyrocketed
C) decreased
D) remained constant

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A 1998 study estimated that _____ percent of women and ____ percent of men are stalked at some point in their lives.

A) 3, 1
B) 5, 2
C) 7, 3
D) 8, 2

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In 2009, the Hate Crime Statistics Act was amended a second time to include acts driven by the perpetrators' prejudices against the targets' perceived _____.

A) race
B) ethnicity
C) religion
D) gender identity

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is not typically a characteristic of hate crimes?

A) lone offenders
B) a high level of brutality
C) lack of a prior relationship between victims and offenders
D) symbolic elements

Question 5

Unlawful use of force against persons or property in order to intimidate a government or coerce some segment of the public into surrendering to political or social demands is called _____.

A) bias crime
B) extortion
C) terrorism
D) all of these

Question 6

The most common crime on college campuses is _____.

A) rape
B) burglary
C) assault
D) motor vehicle theft

Question 7

_____ suffer the highest rate of workplace homicides of any occupational group.

A) Gas station workers
B) Taxi drivers and chauffeurs
C) Healthcare workers
D) Middle school teachers

Question 8

What percentage of the assailants in the aggravated assaults of college students were strangers rather than acquaintances?

A) 18
B) 28
C) 58
D) 78

Question 9

Bias crime is violence and other crime motivated by the offender's hatred for another person's perceived _____.

A) race
B) ethnicity
C) religion
D) any of these

Question 10

Federal agents accounted for ____ percent of law enforcement personnel killed in the line of duty during the first decade of the 21st century.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 10

Question 11

______ outnumber forcible sex offenses on college campuses.

A) Burglaries
B) Aggravated assaults
C) Arsons
D) Motor vehicle thefts

Question 12

Statistics measuring bias crimes may be unreliable due to _____.

A) victims not reporting the crimes
B) police not being committed to keeping bias crime records
C) motivations for crimes not be identified as bigotry
D) all of these

Question 13

Improvements in the criminal justice system related to bias crime include _____.

A) the passage of new laws increasing penalties for hate-related crime
B) special steps being taken to investigate and solve hate-related crime
C) district attorneys being willing to vigorously prosecute bias crimes
D) all of these

Question 14

Stalking is an offense motivated by _____.

A) financial need
B) desire for domination and subjugation
C) need for emotional connection
D) desire to be heard

Question 15

To prevent serious stalking outcomes, the victim should _____.

A) tell the offender to desist at least once
B) formulate safety plans
C) log or journal the behaviors of the offender
D) all of these

Question 16

Which occupational group has the lowest rate of workplace assault?

A) health care workers
B) garbage truck drivers
C) college professors
D) retail clerks

Question 17

_____ was the first state to criminalize stalking.

A) California
B) Michigan
C) Indiana
D) Arizona

Question 18

In order for an incident of stalking to result in arrest, many state laws require that the targeted individual _____.

A) have a ''reasonable fear of death or grave bodily injury'' that arises from a credible threat of violence made by the aggressor
B) produce tangible evidence such as a voicemail recording of a credible threat of violence
C) track a pattern of threats for at least 3 months that is supported by tangible evidence of the threats
D) have had at least one in-person contact with the alleged stalker

Question 19

Of stalking incidents reported to the police, less than ________ lead to prosecution.

A) 1%
B) one-tenth
C) one-fifth
D) one-quarter

Question 20

Risk factors for slayings at work include working at establishments _____.

A) when people are around
B) where escape routes are handy
C) where cash transactions take place
D) all of these

Question 21

Many more officers are killed in the line of duty each year than commit suicide.

Question 22

Bias crime is motivated by the offender's hatred for another perceived person's race, ethnicity, or religion.

Question 23

In the 2006 NCVS survey, about half of stalking victims experienced cyberstalking.

Question 24

Nine out of ten students who experienced hazing in college did not consider it abuse.

Question 25

According to a recent study, nearly _____ percent of inmates killed while being held in local jails had not yet been convicted of any crime.

A) 15
B) 35
C) 55
D) 75

Question 26

During the 1990s, the rates of violence at work decreased.

Question 27

Improvements in the criminal justice system related to bias crime include police departments vigorously investigating and solving these types of crimes.

Question 28

Violent crimes are more common than property crimes on school property.

Question 29

Incidents that involve constitutionally protected speech, no matter how offensive, don't qualify as criminal activity.

Question 30

Risk factors for work-related homicides include working at establishments where cash transactions take place.

Question 31

Recognizing bias crime or hate crime as a distinct category implies that its impact on the victim and on the community at large goes far beyond the specific harm inflicted.

Question 32

In which of the following situations, according to UCR data, are police officers at the highest risk of being killed?

A) when in contact with prisoners
B) while making arrests
C) when dealing with emotionally disturbed persons
D) while responding to civil disturbances and riots

Question 33

Burning a cross on the lawn of a black family's home is considered simple criminal mischief.

Question 34

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs suffer the highest rate of workplace homicides of any occupational group.

Question 35

Of those police officers killed in the line of duty, _____ percent were working alone at the time they were slain.

A) 30
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60

Question 36

Most physical attacks on college campuses are by acquaintances, not strangers.

Question 37

The most common type of stalking is when the target knows and is repeatedly contacted by the aggressor in a frightening way.

Question 38

Fortunately, most police officers have sufficient state-of-the-art technology to pursue cyber stalkers.

Question 39

In terms of the inmate homicide rates, the most dangerous state prison system from 2001 to 2012 (combined) was that in _____.

A) New Jersey
B) Oregon
C) Nevada
D) Oklahoma

Question 40

According to clinical studies, most stalkers are motivated by vengeance and hatred of the victim.

Question 41

Who is impacted most by the crime of stalking? What is the general scope of the problem and what are some ways it is being addressed?

Question 42

Domestic terrorism encompasses activities that include acts dangerous to human life such as assassination, kidnapping, or unleashing weapons of mass destruction within the United States and Puerto Rico.

Question 43

Terrorism includes acts committed on U.S. soil by domestic groups. Identify three of the individuals or groups responsible for acts of domestic terrorism and explain their goals.

Question 44

The 2012 state prison inmate homicide rate was the highest recorded since monitoring began in 2000.

Question 45

Unlawful use of force against persons or property in order to intimidate a government or coerce some segment of the public into surrendering to political or social demands is called terrorism.

Question 46

In the aftermath of a traumatic disaster such as a terrorist bombing, victims are likely to be overwhelmed by intense emotions of shock, anxiety, confusion, sorrow, and grief. Identify two programs established to assist this special type of victim, and describe how the methods they use.

Question 47

Bias-crime victims and their supporters have been able to improve the response of the criminal justice system in a number of ways. Outline and discuss two of the recent positive changes that have appeared in the criminal justice system with regard to bias crime, and identify the role played by victims and their supporters in forcing these changes.

Question 48

Why should we be concerned about violence occurring in prisons between inmates?

Question 49

The number of police officers killed in the line of duty has decreased since the early 1970s.