Deck 11: Organization Structures and Design

Question 1

_____________ is the extent to which one believes what happens is within their control.

A) Self confidence
B) Emotional stability
C) Extroversion
D) Locus of control

Answer 1

D

Question 2

__________ is the degree to which someone uses power manipulatively.

A) Authoritarianism
B) Self-serving bias
C) Machiavellianism
D) Locus of control

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Tanya is the president of Cookware LLC. She wants to convey a self-image of a caring, understanding, and concerned president. At the monthly orientation meeting, she takes the initiative to address her employees' family members. By this, she intends to express her concern for her employees. In this scenario, Tanya practices __________.

A) speaking
B) projection management
C) self-serving bias
D) impression management

Answer 3

D

Question 4

__________ overestimates internal factors and underestimates external factors as influences on someone's behavior.

A) Projection
B) Selective projection
C) The fundamental attribution error
D) Impression management

Question 5

_______________ uses one attribute to develop an overall impression of a person or situation.

A) A projection
B) Stereotyping
C) A halo effect
D) Selective perception

Question 6

Which of the following terms refers to the degree to which a person defers to authority and accepts status differences?

A) Machiavellianism
B) Authoritarianism
C) Locus of control
D) Personality

Question 7

________ underestimates internal factors and overestimates external factors as influences on someone's behavior.

A) Projection
B) Self-serving bias
C) The fundamental attribution error
D) A halo effect

Question 8

A(n) __________ person is dependable, organized, and focused on getting things done.

A) extraverted
B) agreeable
C) conscientious
D) emotionally stable

Question 9

The process through which people receive and interpret information from an environment is called __________.

A) projection
B) constructive stress
C) perception
D) reception

Question 10

Perception can cause ___________ errors as we explain events and problems.

A) reaction
B) reflection
C) attribution
D) acknowledgement

Question 11

The process of creating explanations for events is called __________.

A) attribution
B) self-awareness
C) self-serving bias
D) projection

Question 12

A(n) _____________ assigns attributes commonly associated with a group to an individual.

A) mood contagion
B) stereotype
C) withdrawal behavior
D) emotion

Question 13

__________ tries to create desired perceptions in the eyes of others.

A) Self-serving bias
B) Selective perception
C) Impression management
D) Projection

Question 14

The profile of characteristics making a person unique from others is called __________.

A) emotional stability
B) personality
C) locus of control
D) extroversion

Question 15

Consider the following example of how managers may misconstrue work behavior. If managers see men in a discussion, they might think that they are discussing a new deal; if it's a group of women, they might think that they are gossiping. This scenario illustrates __________.

A) stereotyping
B) the halo effect
C) selective perception
D) projection

Question 16

Susan, for the most part, believes that what happens to her is beyond her control. Susan has a(n)__________ locus of control.

A) internal
B) external
C) self-monitoring
D) standard

Question 17

Alex, an accountant, faces difficulty at work. He believes that the problem is with his work environment, even though other accountants are doing well. Alex most likely has a(n) __________ locus of control.

A) internal
B) external
C) self-monitoring
D) standard

Question 18

Jenna believes that, for the most part, she is responsible for what happens to her. She has a(n) __________ locus of control.

A) internal
B) external
C) self-monitoring
D) standard

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a Big Five personality trait?

A) Agreeableness
B) Emotional stability
C) Intelligence
D) Extraversion

Question 20

Which of the following perceptual distortions focuses attention on things consistent with existing beliefs, needs, or actions?

A) Projection
B) A stereotype
C) Selective perception
D) A halo effect

Question 21

__________ is a state of tension experienced by individuals facing extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities.

A) Fear
B) Stress
C) Apprehension
D) Uncertainty

Question 22

The __________ component of attitude reflects an intention to behave consistently with the belief and feeling.

A) dissonance
B) cognitive
C) affective
D) behavioral

Question 23

Which of the following characteristics is NOT expected from a "high-Mach" personality?

A) Emotional detachment
B) Concern for the means over the end
C) Exploitation of others
D) Manipulation

Question 24

A predisposition to act in a certain way is called __________.

A) a bias
B) cognitive dissonance
C) an attitude
D) manipulation

Question 25

Which of the following occurs when we communicate extreme agitation in interpersonal relationships or electronic messages?

A) A halo effect
B) Job burnout
C) Workplace rage
D) A flameout

Question 26

Job burnout and workplace rage can result from long term __________.

A) employment uncertainty
B) constructive stress
C) physical illness
D) destructive stress

Question 27

Riya, an accountant in an insurance firm, is asked to work overtime to clear her work backlog. She feels anxious about her performance and starts being aggressive toward her colleagues and family members. Which of the following conditions is the cause of Riya's reactions?

A) Multiple personalities
B) Constructive stress
C) Destructive stress
D) Personal wellness

Question 28

__________ is a positive influence on effort, creativity, and diligence in work.

A) Job burnout
B) Constructive stress
C) Self-serving bias
D) Destructive stress

Question 29

Which of the following components of attitude reflects beliefs and values?

A) The emotional component
B) The cognitive component
C) The affective component
D) The behavioral component

Question 30

The degree to which someone is able to adjust his or her behavior in response to external factors is called __________.

A) self-awareness
B) reliability
C) locus of control
D) self-monitoring

Question 31

Employees cite all of the following as sources of stress EXCEPT:

A) excessive emails.
B) long hours.
C) unreasonable workloads.
D) rate of pay.

Question 32

Strategies to reduce the negative effects of workplace stress include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) identifying and minimizing stressors.
B) changing the work schedule temporarily.
C) reducing performance expectations.
D) advancing deadlines.

Question 33

A(n) __________ is oriented toward extreme achievement, impatience, and perfectionism.

A) self-monitoring personality
B) agreeable personality
C) Type A personality
D) Type B personality

Question 34

A physical and mental exhaustion from work stress is known as:

A) job burnout.
B) constructive stress.
C) self-serving bias.
D) destructive attribute.

Question 35

Excessive stress at workplace leads to all of the following EXCEPT:

A) physical exhaustion.
B) reduced job satisfaction.
C) personal problems.
D) higher performance.

Question 36

Sally tends to procrastinate in the initial stages of a project, but she always comes through when the pressure is on. For Sally, this pressure is a form of __________.

A) demotivation
B) constructive stress
C) personal wellness
D) destructive stress

Question 37

__________ is aggressive behavior toward co-workers or the work setting.

A) Job burnout
B) Workplace rage
C) Self-serving bias
D) Destructive stress

Question 38

The __________ component of attitude reflects a specific feeling.

A) dissonance
B) cognitive
C) affective
D) behavior

Question 39

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, an ESTJ would most likely be:

A) analytical, strategic, forceful, and quick to take charge.
B) practical, decisive, logical, and quick to dig in.
C) insightful, free thinking, and determined.
D) conscientious, considerate, and helpful.

Question 40

Persons high in self-monitoring exhibit all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

A) the willingness and ability to change.
B) the desire to learn.
C) openness to feedback.
D) predictability.

Question 41

Perception significantly influences the way we receive, interpret, and process information received from our environments.

Question 42

____________ is the discomfort that a person feels when attitude and behavior are inconsistent.

A) Projection
B) Self-serving bias
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Selective perception

Question 43

The best way to understand the relationship between job satisfaction and performance is to understand job satisfaction as a cause of high performance.

Question 44

The pooling of ideas and perceptions of many people makes it easier for selective perception to create problems.

Question 45

Which of the following terms refers to the degree to which a person feels positive about work experience?

A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Wellness
C) Attitude
D) Job satisfaction

Question 46

Managers should be concerned about employees' job satisfaction as it influences all of the following EXCEPT:

A) the decrease in turnover.
B) the increase in the bottom line.
C) the decrease in absenteeism rates.
D) the increase in layoffs.

Question 47

Emotional intelligence is a measure of an individual's intelligence.

Question 48

A strong sense of belonging and connection with one's work and employer is called ___________.

A) employee citizenship
B) job satisfaction
C) employee engagement
D) occupational merit

Question 49

Generalized positive and negative feelings or states of mind are called __________.

A) moods
B) attitudes
C) perceptions
D) emotions

Question 50

Stereotypes and projections are examples of distortions in __________.

Question 51

Type A personalities tend to be stress-free.

Question 52

____________ is the ability to understand emotions and manage relationships effectively.

A) Type A behavior
B) Emotional intelligence
C) Emotional stability
D) Self-reliance

Question 53

Persons high in self-monitoring tend to be learners, comfortable with feedback, and both willing and able to change.

Question 54

__________ are things people do to go the extra mile in their work.

A) Organizational attitude behaviors
B) Organizational dissonance behaviors
C) Organizational contagion behaviors
D) Organizational citizenship behaviors

Question 55

All of the following factors impact job satisfaction EXCEPT:

A) co-workers.
B) the quality of supervision.
C) work conditions.
D) competitors.

Question 56

Assigning attributes commonly associated with a group to an individual is called the halo effect.

Question 57

Attitudes always predict behavior.

Question 58

Conscientious persons tend to be highly motivated and high-performing in their work.

Question 59

Which of the following terms refers to strong feelings directed toward someone or something?

A) Perceptions
B) Projections
C) Emotions
D) Moods

Question 60

Mood ________ is the spillover of one's positive or negative moods onto others.

A) perception
B) projection
C) engagement
D) contagion

Question 61

__________ behaviors include absenteeism and turnover.

Question 62

Define stress, constructive stress, and destructive stress. How should these be managed?

Question 63

Define perception and describe the four types of perception distortions.

Question 64

__________ is antisocial behavior that is intentionally aggressive, intimidating, demeaning, or abusive.

Question 65

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a popular approach to assess an individual's __________.

Question 66

Long hours of work, unreasonable workloads, low pay, and difficult co-workers are often cited sources of __________.

Question 67

Discuss locus of control and its two components.

Question 68

__________ are things people do to go the extra mile in their work.

Question 69

A person who is __________ is trusting, courteous, and helpful, getting along well with others.

Question 70

__________ is antisocial behavior in the form of disrespectful acts, social exclusion, and use of hurtful language.

Question 71

Some people manage __________ by modifying their attitude to better fit their behavior.

Question 72

__________ is the pursuit of a personal health promotion program.

Question 73

A person who is __________ is secure, calm, steady, and self-confident.

Question 74

People with a(n) __________ personality often act control-oriented as a leader and subservient as a follower.

Question 75

__________ refers to quitting one's job.

Question 76

A __________ personality allows others to exert power over them.

Question 77

Excessively aggressive behavior toward fellow workers, customers, or management can be a sign of __________.

Question 78

Discuss impression management. As a manager interviewing several candidates for a position in your team, how much importance would you give to how the candidates manage their impressions? Give reasons.

Question 79

__________ is the personality trait that makes a person broad-minded, imaginative, and open to new ideas.

Question 80

The __________ is a tendency to blame other people when things go wrong, whether or not this is really true.