Deck 14: Mental Health

Question 1

Prevalence rates of social anxiety disorder are

A)largely constant across industrialized societies around the world.
B)higher in interdependent cultural contexts.
C)lower among East Asians than among North Americans.
D)increasing in the West over the past few decades.
E)the same between urban and rural contexts.

Answer 1

lower among East Asians than among North Americans.

Question 2

Based on the studies reported in the textbook on depression among Chinese,if Huang Bo is diagnosed with neurasthenia in China,how can one alternatively conceive of his diagnosis?

A)latent catatonic schizophrenia
B)koro
C)mild social anxiety disorder
D)paranoid schizophrenia,so Huang Bo will respond to antipsychotics
E)depression with somatization

Answer 2

depression with somatization

Question 3

As discussed in the textbook,which of the following questions does NOT represent a difficulty with defining what constitutes a psychological disorder?

A)When does one consider a behavior that interferes with one's life a disorder?
B)How is the particular condition in question being treated-medically or psychotherapeutically?
C)What if a behavior is considered abnormal elsewhere but not in the West?
D)What if a condition does not manifest psychologically?
E)All of these questions represent a difficulty in defining a psychological disorder.

Answer 3

How is the particular condition in question being treated-medically or psychotherapeutically?

Question 4

The textbook discusses that the likelihood of developing schizophrenia has clear genetic factors.So according to the textbook,if Maria has schizophrenia,what are the chances that her twin sister,Anca,will also have schizophrenia?

A)0 percent
B)50 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 50 percent
E)Rates change depending on the type of schizophrenia.

Question 5

Studies of rates of schizophrenia across nations find that

A)incidence rates of schizophrenia do not vary much from country to country.
B)patients with schizophrenia in less developed countries tend to fare better over time than those from more developed countries.
C)people who present psychotic symptoms that were inconsistent with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were not included in the studies.
D)subtypes of schizophrenia vary substantially from country to country.
E)All of these statements are true.

Question 6

Despite malgri,agonias,koro,and dhat all being described very differently,they all share one underlying similarity.True or False?

A)True-they are all untreatable.
B)False-they share no underlying similarities at all.
C)True-they all share the element of anxiety.
D)False-some result in death while others do not.
E)True-they all carry religious connotations.

Question 7

Depression is a condition that is

A)found in every culture that has been explored.
B)largely absent in China.
C)a culture-bound disorder.
D)found at similar rates in the population in all industrialized societies.
E)largely absent in rural societies.

Question 8

Gregory has been diagnosed with depression by his psychiatrists;however,he does not really report experiencing negative affect.He primarily experiences stomach and sleep problems.Which of the following most accurately characterizes Gregory's experience?

A)He is lying.
B)lack of insight
C)psychologization
D)antipsychologization
E)somatization

Question 9

Stephen and Jon are both diagnosed with a form of anxiety disorder.The difference between them is that Stephen's primary symptoms are feeling anxious,mood fluctuations,and other mental issues.Jon's symptoms,on the other hand,are discomfort in the chest,headaches,and diarrhea.Which of the following best explains the differences in the symptoms that the two are suffering?

A)Jon's anxiety disorder is less severe than Stephen's.
B)Jon's anxiety disorder is more severe than Stephen's.
C)Stephen is concerned about how others might see him,while Jon is not.
D)Stephen is East Asian,and Jon is North American.
E)Stephen is going through psychologization,whereas Jon is experiencing somatization.

Question 10

Which of the following people have kufungisisa?

A)Before sailing by sea,Person A forgot to pray to the local sea gods and is later overcome by drowsiness and sickness.
B)After having been scared,Person B felt as though his soul had become dislodged from his body.
C)After having been scared,Person C fell into a transient state and began barking like a dog.
D)Upon feeling anxious,Person D felt a burning sensation,a loss of breath,and difficulty sleeping.
E)Person E thinks that he has overused his brain by thinking too much and is now experiencing panic attacks and irritability.

Question 11

Taijin kyofusho differs from social anxiety disorder in that

A)it is a more debilitating condition than social anxiety disorder.
B)social anxiety disorder is only found in the West,and taijin kyofusho is only found in East Asia.
C)it is a psychotic condition,whereas social anxiety disorder is a neurotic condition.
D)it involves some imagined physical symptoms that social anxiety disorder does not.
E)it involves therapists known as rentaru oneesan.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of a culture-bound syndrome?

A)frigophobia
B)hysteria
C)bulimia nervosa
D)voodoo death
E)neurasthenia

Question 13

Wendy,an American patient with depression,reports feeling suicidal,with a depressed mood and trouble sleeping.She is prescribed antidepressants.Weiwei,a Chinese patient with depression,is

A)less likely to report sleep complaints.
B)less likely to report depressed mood.
C)more likely to take antidepressants.
D)more likely to become suicidal.
E)more likely to also have schizophrenia.

Question 14

Warrin lives in an aboriginal nation comprised of many islands.He is about to travel to another island to meet his girlfriend,but in his haste,he forgot to pray to the local gods.After his trip,he falls terribly ill and feels very tired.These symptoms compel his village doctor to diagnose him with

A)malgri.
B)ataques de nervios.
C)dhat.
D)latah.
E)voodoo death.

Question 15

One foreign country has four aboriginal tribes.The Kohlrabis live in the rain forest,culturally quite distant from the mainstream culture.The Brackens live along the coast and now have very few connections to their traditional past.The Horabs live in the prairies and have always been culturally very similar to the mainstream culture.The Lithes live in the mountains and have greatly maintained connections to their traditional past.Based on Chandler and colleagues' research on Canadian First Nation youths,which tribe would one expect to be associated with higher youth suicides?

A)the Kohlrabis
B)the Brackens
C)the Horabs
D)the Lithes
E)Chandler's research does not address this issue.

Question 16

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa?

A)The age at which people first develop the disorder has gotten younger over recent years for both bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa.
B)The prevalence rates for both disorders are consistent across cultures.
C)Bulimia nervosa is associated with ascetic medieval saints,while anorexia nervosa is not.
D)Bulimia nervosa has consistent prevalence rates across cultures,while anorexia nervosa has culturally variable prevalence rates.
E)The age at which people first develop bulimia nervosa has remained the same over recent years,but it has gotten younger for anorexia nervosa.

Question 17

Suicide rates

A)vary across cultures as much as they do because definitions of suicide similarly vary.
B)among adolescents is the highest in the world in Japan.
C)in the United States are among the highest in the world.
D)in most cultures tend to decrease as people get older.
E)increase among the elderly in many cultures.

Question 18

When comparing Minako,a Japanese person,with Erica,an American,which of the following will likely be true?

A)Minako will be more likely to develop social anxiety disorder than Erica.
B)Compared to Minako,Erica will be more likely to develop social anxiety disorder.
C)Compared to Erica,Minako will not be treated as negatively by others if she shows certain symptoms of social anxiety to her compatriots.
D)Minako will develop taijin kyofusho.
E)Compared to Erica,Minako will be more likely to seek professional help if she develops social anxiety disorder.

Question 19

Which of the following about social anxiety disorder is true?

A)Social anxiety disorder appears to be a culture-bound disorder.
B)East Asians receive more treatment for social anxiety disorder than do North Americans.
C)Symptoms of social anxiety disorder among East Asians include fears that one is making others uncomfortable because of his or her sweating and body odor.
D)East Asians score higher on trait measures of social anxiety disorder than do North Americans.
E)In East Asians and North Americans,interdependence has been shown to lower social anxiety.

Question 20

Koro is manifested by a

A)male who feels extreme anxiety that his penis may be perceived as being extremely small.
B)female who is deathly afraid of the cold and bundles herself up in as much clothing as possible.
C)male who goes off on a rampage and kills anyone he sees,but remembers nothing from the episode.
D)female patient who is deathly afraid that her nipples are shrinking into her body.
E)male who has a morbid fear that someone has put a curse on him,and that the curse must be lifted to save his life.

Question 21

Jeeyoung is an East Asian student who is going through a tough time.Given her emotional situation,which of the following is she most likely to do to make herself feel better?

A)seek professional help
B)seek the help of her close friends
C)remind herself of her connections with others
D)introspect and solve the problems herself
E)drown her sorrows in alcohol

Question 22

According to the textbook,which of the following patients with schizophrenia is going to have the best outcome?

A)Vanness,who lives with his family in a developed society
B)Jordan,who lives by himself in a developed society
C)Malcolm,who has paranoid schizophrenia
D)Latiri,who lives with her family in an undeveloped society
E)Maria,who has catatonic schizophrenia

Question 23

Andrelle is a therapist who wants to be culturally competent in treating her client,L.C.This means that Andrelle must

A)examine L.C.purely from the perspective of L.C.'s cultural background.
B)always perceive L.C.as being a typical member of L.C.'s cultural group.
C)interpret L.C.'s symptoms from Andrelle's own cultural perspective.
D)consider how L.C.manages multiple cultural influences.
E)completely not consider her own cultural background in preparing for her interactions with L.C.

Question 24

A clinician uses two different forms of therapy to treat patients with anxiety and depression: Therapy 1 emphasizes bed rest,manual activities,and manual labor;Therapy 2 emphasizes thinking about how much one has benefited from the kindness of others.Patients with each disorder either received Therapy 1 or Therapy 2.The clinician found that Therapy 1 can effectively treat anxiety,but Therapy 2 cannot.On the other hand,both therapies can effectively treat depression.Draw a bar graph that reflects the proportion of patients with each disorder that were cured by each therapy.In your graph,use the proper labels corresponding to each therapy.

Question 25

Jack and Jill have both been diagnosed with a psychiatric condition-Jack has depression,while Jill has neurasthenia.They each have ten symptoms that led their clinicians to give them these diagnoses.Draw a bar graph reflecting the expected pattern of how many somatic symptoms and psychological symptoms Jack and Jill each have.(Note: the overall pattern matters;exact numbers do not. )

Question 26

When comparing Morita therapy and Naikan therapy,which of the following is true?

A)Morita therapy encourages one to exercise secondary control,whereas Naikan therapy does not.
B)Morita therapy encourages one to exercise secondary control,whereas Naikan therapy encourages one to exercise primary control.
C)Naikan therapy encourages one to exercise secondary control,whereas Morita therapy encourages one to exercise primary control.
D)Naikan therapy is more difficult and more expensive than Morita therapy due to different demands on the therapist.
E)Both Naikan therapy and Morita therapy have been successfully utilized in Western cultures to reform prison inmates.

Question 27

An economics professor at a university controversially argues that it is to the benefit of all cultures around the world to become more Westernized and developed due to the huge economic benefits that Westernization and development bring,with no negative repercussions-everyone is richer and happier.From a mental health perspective,do you agree with this position? Why or why not? In your response,include two pieces of evidence to support your claims.

Question 28

There are three camps of people in discussing anorexia nervosa-the "cultural" camp says that it is a culture-bound syndrome,the "universal" camp says that it is a universal syndrome,and the "integrationist" camp says that both labels apply to this condition.Evaluate which position best characterizes current research on anorexia nervosa.

Question 29

Patients with schizophrenia living in undeveloped societies should move to developed societies if they want to have the best prognoses.True or false?

A)True-developed societies have better therapeutic techniques to manage schizophrenia.
B)False-that is only the case with catatonic schizophrenia.
C)True-recognition of the biological components of schizophrenia allows developed societies to better handle schizophrenia.
D)False-prognosis for schizophrenia is better in undeveloped societies than in developed societies.
E)True-both Naikan and Morita therapies from developed societies are more effective at treating schizophrenia than religious therapies from undeveloped societies.

Question 30

As a Moritist practitioner,you want to raise the popularity of your therapeutic approach by teaching others about it.In your lectures to others,you are most likely to say,

A)"It is important that clients see how much kindness they have received from those around them."
B)"Ultimately,our goal is always to help clients get rid of their symptoms."
C)"It is important that clients see their symptoms as an important part of their own existence."
D)"Clients will benefit from being empowered to engage in primary control."
E)"Therapists must help clients to bring the clients' ara,emi,and ori into alignment."

Question 31

You are a therapist who is hoping to treat a patient by asking him to understand his own past,to accept that his past is a part of him,and to learn to feel gratitude and guilt toward those around him.What type of treatment is this?

A)cognitive behavioral therapy
B)client-centered therapy
C)Naikan therapy
D)Morita therapy
E)psychoanalytic therapy

Question 32

Which of the following therapists is most accurately being described as demonstrating cultural competence?

A)Therapist A is well trained in the cultural perspectives of different cultures.
B)Therapist B works as part of a cultural consultation service.
C)Therapist C is familiar with his own cultural background's effect on his perspectives and strives to understand the cultural perspective of his clients.
D)Therapist D is a practitioner of both Morita therapy and Naikan therapy.
E)Therapist E works as an anthropologist as part of the cultural consultation service.

Question 33

Your sister just got a new job.Her role is to be a surrogate sister for a teenage boy who has not unlocked himself from his room for a year.Ultimately,her job is to try to get the boy to get out of the house.What condition does this boy have?

A)taijin kyofusho
B)dhat syndrome
C)hikikomori
D)susto
E)amaterasu

Question 34

The country of Adanac has two indigenous populations,Eerc and Tignilt,along with a large population of colonizers.Before colonization,the Eerc and Tignilt were culturally very similar to each other,and the suicide rates of both populations were steady at around 1 percent.After colonization,the Eerc have rejected the vastly different culture of the colonizers,insisting on maintaining their own culture.On the other hand,the Tignilt decided to increasingly adopt more aspects of the colonizers' culture over time to replace increasingly more parts of their own culture.Based on research on suicide rates discussed in the textbook,draw a line graph to depict the suicide rates of the Eerc and Tignilt people before and after when colonization began.