Deck 2: The Classical School

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a favorite topic for deterrence theorists?

A) Drunk driving
B) Domestic terrorism
C) Death penalty
D) Drug use

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Jeremy Bentham graduated from Queen's College at Oxford at the age of ____ .

Answer 2

Fifteen.

Question 3

The Classical School is best characterized as:

A) Structural
B) A unit theory
C) Quantitative
D) None of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Beccaria wrote a small but popular book titled "An Introduction to the Principles and Morals of Legislation".

Question 5

The least important of the three elements of deterrence was thought to be:

A) Celerity
B) Certainty
C) Severity
D) None of the above, they are all equally important

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the Classical School is incorrect?

A) It was primarily composed of a group of moral philosophers
B) They saw the purpose of punishment as deterrence
C) They were concerned with law
D) They used science to focus on behavior

Question 7

Members of the Classical School were generally opposed to:

A) Due process
B) Capital punishment
C) The legal definition of crime
D) Determinate sentencing

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT a major historical influence on the emergence of the Classical philosophy?

A) Growing specialization in trade and industry
B) The rise of the Protestant work ethic
C) Abuse of law by the aristocracy
D) The writings of Guerry & Quetelet

Question 9

According to the text, the vast majority of deterrence research has failed to find any substantial effects from legal sanctions.

Question 10

Showing potential offenders the negative consequences of a crime in the hope that it will prevent them from committing that same crime is the concept of:

A) General deterrence
B) Specific deterrence
C) Just desserts
D) Social contract

Question 11

One of the characteristics of the Classical Era was the decline in the Protestant Ethic.

Question 12

Which was not an idea which descended from the Classical School.

A) The implementation of situational crime prevention
B) The development of speedy trial laws
C) More use of judicial discretion
D) Just deserts punishments

Question 13

According to the text, during the last part of this past century, rehabilitation has been replaced in punishment by rational models of deterrence.

Question 14

The Classical School is basically a microtheory in its orientation.

Question 15

An elaborate schedule of punishments designed to take into account a combination of pleasure, pain and mitigating circumstances was designed by:

A) John Howard.
B) John Locke.
C) Jeremy Bentham.
D) Cesare Beccaria.

Question 16

Beccaria, in his essay Of Crimes and Punishments, made which one of these points?

A) Persons awaiting trial should not be placed in prisons
B) Each citizen has the right to decide whether to take his own life
C) The defense not the prosecutor should have strict time lines for preparing for trial
D) All of the above

Question 17

According to Classical theorists, man's basic instinct to maximize pleasure was the primary explanation for behavior which was referred to as: ____________________.

Question 18

Writers of the Classical period were interested in laws serving the greatest good for the greatest number, a concept we refer to as ________.

Question 19

Deterrence that is designed to make an example of someone to keep the rest of the public from committing crimes is called ________ deterrence.

Question 20

The value of any pleasure or pain according to classical thought would be determined by its certainty, intensity and _______________.

Question 21

What historical conditions gave rise to the popularity of the writings of the classical school?

Question 22

Compare and contrast specific and general deterrence.

Question 23

What are some of the due process concerns raised by theorists in the Classical Era?

Question 24

Briefly describe the assumptions of hedonism.

Question 25

Is Classical School theory an explanation of behavior or political/legal systems? Defend your answer.

Question 26

How do researchers study deterrence today?