Deck 4: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Question 1

 Mal de ojo is an example of ____.

A) a culturally based diagnosis
B) a cultural syndrome
C) a culturally based treatment technique
D) a cultural formulation

Answer 1

a cultural syndrome

Question 2

 Which factor has the least bearing on a clinician's approach to assessment, diagnosis, and treatment?

A) Age
B) Gender
C) Culture
D) Popularity

Answer 2

Popularity

Question 3

 Which psychological condition is more common among females than males?

A) Intellectual disability
B) Autistic disorder
C) Conduct disorder
D) Adolescent depression

Answer 3

Adolescent depression

Question 4

 Which condition is equally common among males and females?

A) Childhood depression
B) Eating disorders
C) Enuresis
D) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 5

 The formal assignment of a clinical case to a DSM-5 classification category is referred to as a(n) ____.

A) empirical diagnosis
B) taxonomic diagnosis
C) proper diagnosis
D) psychological diagnosis

Question 6

 A child's ____ has the most implications for judgments about deviancy and for selecting appropriate assessment and treatment methods.

A) peer group
B) family history
C) age
D) academic achievement

Question 7

 When working with children and families, cultural information is most needed to ____.

A) establish a relationship with the child and family
B) keep traditional practice in place
C) report statistics for census
D) determine whether or not to use medication

Question 8

 Research demonstrates that, with respect to aggression, girls ____.

A) tend not to engage in aggressive acts
B) are more distressed by aggressive acts
C) engage in more relational forms of aggression
D) are more aggressive than boys

Question 9

 A ____ summarizes the child's unique behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that together make up the features of a given psychological disorder.

A) nomothetic description
B) symptomatic description
C) diagnostic description
D) clinical description

Question 10

 The relationship between assessment and intervention is best viewed as ____.

A) separate and unrelated
B) related and ongoing
C) related but separate
D) related but time-limited

Question 11

 Which element(s) are typically included in a clinical description?

A) Taxonomic diagnosis
B) Assessment of prior history
C) Treatment and referral plan
D) Intensity, frequency, and severity of the problem

Question 12

 Analyzing information and drawing conclusions about the nature or cause of a problem refers to ____.

A) a clinical description
B) diagnosis
C) prognosis
D) treatment planning, and evaluation

Question 13

 What does it mean if a test is normed on a group that is representative of the population?

A) The majority culture was taken into consideration.
B) The test is as free from cultural bias as possible.
C) Age and ethnicity were considered but not biological sex.
D) The test yields higher rates of psychopathology for minorities.

Question 14

 Which pairing is least common to comorbid disorders?

A) Enuresis and schizophrenia
B) Conduct disorder and ADHD
C) ASD and intellectual disability
D) Depression and anxiety

Question 15

 The over-representation of boys with psychological disorders likely reflects ____.

A) functional deficits in the male brain
B) media influence
C) referral biases
D) different socialization practices for males and females

Question 16

 All of these are examples of parent- and teacher-rated problems that best discriminate between referred and nonreferred children EXCEPT: .

A) unhappy, sad, or depressed
B) withdrawn
C) impulsive
D) stubborn

Question 17

 What variables can impact scores on measures of psychopathology?

A) SES and acculturation
B) Educational level
C) Previous attendance in therapy
D) Ability to remain focused

Question 18

 Generalizations regarding cultural practices frequently fail to capture ____ differences that exist within and across ethnic groups.

A) universal
B) biological
C) personality
D) SES

Question 19

 This describes a process of gathering information that is used to understand the nature of an individual's problem, its possible causes, treatment options, and outcomes.

A) Problem-solving analysis
B) Clinical description
C) Taxonomic diagnosis
D) Prognostic diagnosis

Question 20

 Culturally competent mental health services include ____.

A) matching families with clinicians who have a master's degree
B) customizing treatment to the family's values and customs
C) relying on knowledge gained through personal experience with that particular culture
D) basing treatment on what has been reported about a particular culture

Question 21

 ____ means generating predictions concerning future behavior under specified conditions.

A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Outcome generation
D) Prognosis

Question 22

 The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) provides a measure of:

A) verbal comprehension and working memory.
B) personality profile.
C) psychological abnormality.
D) emotional stability.

Question 23

 A clearly defined group used to compare an individual child's test score against is called a

A) reference group.
B) comparative group.
C) standard group.
D) norm group.

Question 24

 A leading checklist for assessing behavioral problems in children and adolescents is the ____.

A) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
B) Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
C) Child Behavior Checklist
D) Rorschach inkblot test

Question 25

 Projective tests ____ with children.

A) should not be used
B) are one of the most commonly used assessment methods
C) are one of the least commonly used assessment methods
D) have not been designed specifically for use

Question 26

 Semistructured interviews tend to be ____ than unstructured interviews.

A) less consistent
B) more spontaneous
C) less reliable
D) more consistent and less spontaneous

Question 27

 Which aspect would generally be assessed by behavioral assessment methods?

A) Descriptions of the problem
B) Anger in school
C) Meaning of pictures drawn by child
D) Inkblot interpretations

Question 28

 Interview questions focused on somatic symptoms for an older child or adolescent with depression could include which of the following?

A) Do you get muscle pains and aches?
B) Do you get moody?
C) Do you have trouble concentrating in school?
D) Do you often feel tired?

Question 29

 The most commonly used intelligence scale today is the ____.

A) Stanford-Binet 5 (SB5)
B) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV)
C) Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC-II)
D) Rorschach inkblot test

Question 30

 Which factor would typically be addressed in the developmental/family history component of the initial interview?

A) Child's birth weight
B) Age at which the child began eating solid foods
C) Mental history of parents and siblings
D) Parent responsibilities at problem onset

Question 31

 Unstructured interviews tend to be ____ than semistructured interviews.

A) more consistent
B) less reliable and more flexible
C) more reliable and less flexible
D) less biased

Question 32

 Functions assessed in neuropsychological tests are most likely to include ____.

A) social
B) perceptual
C) physical
D) personality

Question 33

 The "C" in the "ABCs of behavioral assessment" stands for ____.

A) consequences
B) causes
C) child
D) correction

Question 34

 The Rorschach test is an example of a(n) ____ test.

A) intelligence
B) achievement
C) projective
D) objective

Question 35

 The most universally used assessment procedure with parents and children is ____.

A) personality testing
B) behavioral observation
C) the clinical interview
D) intelligence testing

Question 36

 The primary purpose of assessment is to ____.

A) find correlating causes for the problem
B) plan and evaluate treatment
C) determine who is responsible for the problem
D) treat individual symptoms

Question 37

 An advantage of behavior checklists over interviews is that checklists allow a clinician to ____ while interviews typically do not.

A) establish rapport
B) assess mental status
C) compare results to a reference sample
D) obtain a measure of mood

Question 38

 The assessment of childhood problems typically makes use of a(n) ____ approach.

A) multimethod
B) idiographic
C) divergent
D) single theoretical

Question 39

 Gathering information about a child's behavior for analysis involves ____.

A) making inferences about the child's behavior
B) observing the child in real-life settings
C) assessing personality
D) having the child write a story

Question 40

 Neuropsychological assessments are primarily used to ____.

A) identify underlying brain lesions
B) identify genetic abnormalities
C) make inferences about central nervous system dysfunction
D) diagnose mental deficits

Question 41

 What is a common goal of treatment?

A) Improved outcomes in intelligence
B) Measurable outcomes in family functioning
C) Reduced impact of prior undesirable outcomes
D) Increased adherence to treatment over time

Question 42

 ____ approaches to treatment view child psychopathology as the result of faulty thought patterns and faulty learning and environmental experiences.

A) Behavioral
B) Cognitive
C) Cognitive-behavioral
D) Client-centered

Question 43

 Categorical classification systems are based primarily on ____.

A) underlying etiologic bases of the disorders classified
B) normative data
C) informed clinical consensus
D) multivariate statistical methods

Question 44

 ____ refers to efforts to increase adherence with treatment over time to prevent reoccurrence.

A) Maintenance
B) Prevention
C) Treatment
D) Intervention

Question 45

 The hypothesis behind ________________ is that the child will reveal unconscious fears, needs, and inner conflicts onto ambiguous stimuli of other people and things.

A) behavioral observation and recording
B) developmental testing
C) personality testing
D) projective testing

Question 46

 More than 70% of practicing clinicians identify their therapeutic approach as ____.

A) behavioral
B) cognitive
C) humanistic
D) eclectic

Question 47

 Which of the following is a criticism of the DSM-5?

A) It fails to capture the simplicity of influences on child psychopathology.
B) It gives relatively less attention to disorders of infancy and childhood than to those of adulthood.
C) It lacks sufficient emphasis on situational and contextual factors.
D) It emphasizes underlying causes rather than symptoms.

Question 48

 Which of the following is NOT one of the core principles of therapeutic change identified by Weisz, Bearman et al. 2017)?

A) Increasing motivation
B) Repairing thoughts
C) Solving problems
D) Restoring feelings

Question 49

 Which medication would best be used for a child suffering from ADHD?

A) Concerta
B) Elavil
C) Xanax
D) Zyprexa

Question 50

 Minimum ethical standards for practice include:

A) selecting procedures that are in the best interest of the parent.
B) making sure involuntary client participation occurs.
C) protecting the confidentiality of the therapeutic relationship.
D) ensuring parent participation.

Question 51

 The ____ classification approach assumes that all children possess the same traits to varying degrees.

A) trait
B) categorical
C) feature
D) dimensional

Question 52

 Which medication would best be used for a child diagnosed with bipolar disorder?

A) Depakote
B) Elavil
C) Ritalin
D) Zyprexa

Question 53

 Which medication would best be used for a child suffering from a severe anxiety disorder?

A) Concerta
B) Elavil
C) Xanax
D) Zyprexa

Question 54

 Which activity is particularly compatible with the dimensional approach?

A) Communicating with other clinicians
B) Researching the degree of association between two variables
C) Creating a treatment plan based on all of the child behaviors
D) Taking the entire package of child behaviors into account when diagnosing

Question 55

 Interventions are ____.

A) unique to the field of psychology
B) designed to maintain the status quo
C) problem-solving strategies
D) typically rejected by children and families

Question 56

 ____ approaches to treatment view child psychopathology as the result of social or environmental circumstances that are imposed on the child and interfere with his or her capacity for personal growth and adaptive functioning.

A) Psychodynamic
B) Client-centered
C) Cognitive-behavioral
D) Family

Question 57

 Which behavior would be characteristic of someone with issues on the internalizing behavior dimension?

A) Hitting another child in anger
B) Refusing to sit in a seat at school
C) Feeling sad all of the time
D) Intentionally hurting another child's feelings

Question 58

 Intervention focuses on ____.

A) noncompliance
B) assimilation
C) motivation
D) treatment

Question 59

 An example of a neurodevelopmental disorder would be ____.

A) Oppositional Defiant Disorder
B) ADHD
C) Anxiety Disorders such as Separation Anxiety Disorder
D) Feeding and Eating Disorders such as Pica

Question 60

 Which symptom would be characteristic of the anxious/depressed dimension of child psychopathology?

A) Feels worthless
B) Refuses to talk
C) Gets teased
D) Strange ideas

Question 61

 Name and describe four psychological tests commonly used when assessing children.

Question 62

 Describe three ways that a therapist can strive to provide culturally competent mental health services.

Question 63

 What is relational aggression? Are males or females more likely to exhibit this behavior? Provide two examples of relational aggression.

Question 64

 Distinguish between idiographic and nomothetic case formulations, and indicate when each of these formulations is useful.

Question 65

 What are cultural syndromes? Why are they important for clinicians to be aware of in relation to understanding symptoms in children? Provide one example of a cultural syndrome and the symptoms that the clinician may see exhibited by the child.

Question 66

 Identify and provide examples of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Question 67

 What are some criticisms of the DSM-5?

Question 68

 Explain the "ABCs of assessment" and give examples of each.

Question 69

 What considerations must be taken into account when making judgments about abnormality?

Question 70

 What conclusions have been made regarding the effectiveness of treatments with children?

Question 71

 What are some of the areas that are typically covered by developmental and family history questionnaire/interview?

Question 72

 Compare and contrast the cultural values, parenting practices, and beliefs among African Americans, Latino Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and European Americans.

Question 73

 Under what circumstances would a clinician choose to administer a semistructured versus an unstructured interview? What are the benefits and/or drawbacks of each?

Question 74

 Distinguish between categorical and dimensional classification approaches.

Question 75

 What steps have researchers taken to ensure that psychological tests are free from bias?