Deck 7: Digital Radiographic Image Processing and Manipulation

Question 1

Exposure latitude for digital imaging is less than that of film/screen imaging.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

If the entire range of exposure were digitized, pixel values representing ______ would be digitized.

A)Scatter
B)Only diagnostic values
C)Only the extreme values
D)All values

Answer 2

All values

Question 3

Automatic rescaling can be substituted for appropriate technical factors.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Image aliasing is similar to the moiré effect caused by grid error.

Question 5

In an effort to display the pixels for the area of interest when exposure is greater or less than what is needed to produce an image, ______ occurs.

A)Overexposure
B)Underexposure
C)Automatic collimation
D)Automatic rescaling

Question 6

The amount of error that can be made and still result in the capture of a quality image refers to ______.

A)Contrast
B)Density
C)Latitude
D)Resolution

Question 7

A wraparound image or image aliasing occurs when ______.

A)Sampling occurs twice per cycle
B)Spatial frequency is less than the Nyquist frequency
C)Sampling occurs less than twice per cycle
D)Spatial frequency is equal to the Nyquist frequency

Question 8

If too few pixels are sampled, the result will be ______.

A)High resolution
B)Low resolution
C)High contrast
D)Low contrast

Question 9

The Nyquist theorem states that the ______.

A)Sampling frequency must be equal to the input signal bandwidth
B)Input signal bandwidth must be twice the sampling frequency
C)Sampling frequency must be twice the input signal bandwidth
D)Input signal bandwidth must be sampled twice

Question 10

Raw data used to form the image histogram are compared with ______.

A)A normal histogram referenced by the computer
B)All histograms stored for that anatomic part
C)The last histogram of that anatomic part
D)None of these

Question 11

The longer an image is stored in the CR cassette, the ______.

A)More detailed the processed image
B)More energy is lost by the electrons
C)Easier the image is to process
D)Slower the processing time

Question 12

A histogram displays the useful signal by locating ______.

A)All pixel values
B)Maximum and minimum signal
C)Maximum signal only
D)Minimum signal only

Question 13

Loss of detail in a digitally processed image ______.

A)Occurs because of the number of conversions
B)Is extremely minimal compared with film/screen
C)Is equal to film/screen
D)Has almost no impact on the image

Question 14

A look-up table is not used as a reference to ______.

A)Set appropriate kilovoltage peak and milliampere-seconds values
B)Evaluate raw luminance values
C)Correct luminance values
D)Provide appropriate density and contrast

Question 15

Data collected within the collimator are represented by a ______.

A)Histogram
B)Characteristic curve
C)Pixel graph
D)Matrix graph

Question 16

The shape of the histogram is anatomy specific.

Question 17

Automatic rescaling means that images are produced, regardless of the amount of exposure, with ______.

A)Uniform size and shape
B)Uniform contrast and density
C)Variable size and shape
D)Variable contrast and density

Question 18

Changing the slope of the look-up table graph will increase or decrease ______.

A)Density
B)The number of pixels
C)The matrix size
D)Contrast

Question 19

The higher the kilovoltage peak, the ______.

A)Wider the histogram
B)Narrower the histogram
C)Higher the frequency
D)Lower the frequency

Question 20

Failure of the reader to find the collimation edges of an image ______.

A)Will result in image cutoff
B)May cause the image to be too bright or too dark
C)Will eliminate all scatter
D)Will have no effect on the resultant image

Question 21

Changing the steepness of the exposure gradient ______.

A)Varies density
B)Determines spatial frequency
C)Controls image contrast
D)Has no effect on the image

Question 22

Suppressing frequencies in the areas of interest is known as ______.

A)Algorithm application
B)Center enhancement
C)Edge enhancement
D)Masking

Question 23

The more manipulation of the image, the greater the ______.

A)Amount of resolution
B)Loss of information
C)Quality of the image
D)Radiologist manipulation

Question 24

Averaging the frequency of each pixel with surrounding pixel values to remove high-frequency noise is called ______.

A)High-pass filtering
B)Low-pass filtering
C)Smoothing
D)Noise enhancement

Question 25

The improper algorithm application may result in ______.

A)Enhanced contrast
B)Improved resolution
C)Repeat examinations
D)Degradation of the image

Question 26

High-pass filtering is useful for enhancing ______.

A)Small structures
B)Fine bone tissues
C)Large bony structures
D)Organs and soft tissue

Question 27

It is possible to achieve an MTF of 100%.

Question 28

An image manipulation process that fills in the background so that it is darkened is known as ______.

A)Window
B)Level
C)Shuttering
D)Collimation

Question 29

"The sum of the components in a recording system cannot be greater than the system as a whole" is a definition of ______.

A)Modulation transfer function
B)Enhanced visualization image processing
C)Digital image contrast and density latitude
D)Principles of contrast enhancement

Question 30

Low-pass filtering is also known as ______.

A)Evening
B)Smoothing
C)Masking
D)Marking

Question 31

If all of the shades were left in an image after processing, the contrast would be ______.

A)Too low
B)Too high
C)Sufficient
D)Unaffected

Question 32

Focal spot and OID affect image sharpness ______.

A)Only in film/screen imaging
B)Only in digital imaging
C)In both film/screen and digital imaging
D)In neither film/screen nor digital imaging

Question 33

The brightness or darkness of an image is controlled by ______.

A)Window
B)Level
C)Contrast
D)Matrix

Question 34

Excessive light entering the eye when viewing an image is known as ______ glare.

A)Veil
B)Window
C)Level
D)None of these

Question 35

A perfect image processing system would have an MTF of ______.

A)1%
B)10%
C)100%
D)1000%

Question 36

Image level parameters control image ______.

A)Brightness
B)Darkness
C)Contrast
D)Density

Question 37

Amplification of the frequencies of the areas of interest is known as ______.

A)Algorithm application
B)Center enhancement
C)Edge enhancement
D)Masking

Question 38

The Kodak process that allows increased latitude while preserving detail is known as ______.

A)CCD
B)CMOS
C)LUT
D)EVP

Question 39

Shuttering removes the dark exposed border, reducing the amount of information to be stored.

Question 40

The more light spread, the ______ the MTF.

A)Higher
B)Lower
C)More equal
D)None of these

Question 41

The process of joining two or more images into one continuous image is known as image ______.

A)Connection
B)Annotation
C)Stitching
D)Lacing

Question 42

Proper patient demographic input is the responsibility of the ______.

A)Technologist
B)QC manager
C)Radiologist
D)Transporter

Question 43

The ability to send images to local network stations can be accomplished using the ______.

A)Archive query
B)Patient demographic input
C)QC query
D)Manual send function

Question 44

Proper patient demographic input ensures ______.

A)Multiple records on each patient
B)Linking of all the patient's files
C)Multiple versions of the patient's name
D)An increase in the amount of data tracking

Question 45

No matter where the orientation stickers or labels exist on a digital cassette, the image will display correctly.

Question 46

Magnification of the entire image at the workstation is termed ______.

A)Image intensification
B)Macroradiography
C)Enlargement
D)Zoom

Question 47

The image reader scans and reads the image from the ______.

A)Back edge of the imaging plate to the opposite end
B)Leading edge of the imaging plate to the opposite end
C)The right to left side
D)The left to right side

Question 48

The workstation function that allows selection of preset terms and/or manual text input is termed image ______.

A)Connection
B)Annotation
C)Stitching
D)Lacing

Question 49

Input of annotation for identification of the patient's left or right side ______.

A)Should take the place of the technologist's anatomy markers
B)Should be used in conjunction with the technologist's markers
C)Eliminates the need for any other type of anatomy markers
D)None of the above

Question 50

Historical study of patient examinations can be accomplished through the manual send function.