Deck 8: Pacs Fundamentals

Question 1

Which of the following would be considered disadvantages of a distributed system?
1.There is a heavy reliance that the images are being sent to the correct locations.
2.Archive is considered a single point of failure.
3.Each workstation has a different worklist.

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Answer 1

1 and 3

Question 2

The acronym PACS stands for ______ system.

A)Picture archival and control
B)Picture archival and communication
C)Physical archive and communication
D)Physical archive and compression

Answer 2

Picture archival and communication

Question 3

A PACS consists of the following:
1.Storage device
2.Display workstation
3.Imaging modality

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Answer 3

1, 2, and 3

Question 4

Which is the most interactive part of a PACS?

A)Archive
B)Image manager
C)Web-server
D)Display workstation

Question 5

Any computer that a health care worker uses to view a digital image is a(n) ______.

A)Archive
B)Web server
C)Image manager
D)Display workstation

Question 6

In which system architecture do the images and application software reside on a central server?

A)Client/server-based system
B)Distributed system
C)Web-based system
D)Image manager system

Question 7

Which of the following would be considered advantages of a client/server-based system?
1.Any image can be seen anywhere without interventions.
2.Even if the archive goes down, images can still be seen at all workstations
3.Only one person can open a study with the intent to read it, and others will be told that the study is being read by someone else.

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 8

Which part of the PACS houses all of the historic digital image data along with the current digital data being generated by the modalities?

A)Archive
B)Display workstation
C)File room
D)Review workstation

Question 9

The acronym RIS stands for ______ system.

A)Radiology integrated
B)Redundant information
C)Radiology information
D)Reading integrated

Question 10

What term is used to describe the reading of images outside of the hospital walls, generally at home or in remote locations?

A)Teleradiology
B)Off-site reporting
C)Long-range reporting
D)Home-based reading

Question 11

In which system architecture do the acquisition modalities send their images directly to a designated workstation?

A)Client/server-based system
B)Distributed system
C)Web-based system
D)Image manager system

Question 12

Which of the following would be considered advantages of a distributed system?
1.Any images can be seen anywhere without any interventions.
2.Even if the archive goes down, images can still be seen at all workstations.
3.The system is less dependent on the network for its speed.

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 13

Early PACS radiologists believed that they needed four to six monitors to view images.

Question 14

The number of pixels contained on a display is known as ______.

A)Matrix
B)Pixel
C)Resolution
D)Dot pitch

Question 15

Which of the following would be considered disadvantages of a client/server-based system?
1.Archive is considered a single point of failure.
2.The system depends on the network.
3.Each workstation has a different worklist.

A)1 only
B)3 only
C)1 and 2
D)1 and 3

Question 16

Which term best describes a basic picture element on a display?

A)Matrix
B)Pixel
C)Dot pitch
D)Resolution

Question 17

Reading images on a computer screen is known as ______ reporting.

A)Soft copy
B)Hard copy
C)Computer
D)Both A and B

Question 18

What factors might be used when determining the best type of monitor for each workstation?
1.Resolution
2.Size
3.Monitor orientation

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 19

Which of the following are considered PACS architectures?
1.Distributed system
2.Client/server-based system
3.Web-based system

A)1 only
B)2 only
C)1 and 2
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 20

A universally accepted standard for exchanging medical imaging via a networked set of display workstations, archive, and imaging modalities is ______.

A)HIPAA
B)DICOM
C)HL-7
D)All of the above

Question 21

Which advanced workstation function can reconstruct images into another plane?

A)MPR
B)MIP
C)VRT
D)SSD

Question 22

Which advanced function is used most often in CT to visualize contrast medium-filled vessels separate from the surrounding tissue?

A)MPR
B)MIP
C)MinIP
D)SSD

Question 23

Which function can be used to orient the image in the anatomic hanging position?

A)Pan/zoom
B)ROI
C)Annotations
D)Flip/rotate

Question 24

Incorrect patient demographic information is not a big deal in a PACS.

Question 25

Which workstation might be used to print copies of images or burn images to a CD for outside use?

A)Primary reading workstation
B)Referring physician workstation
C)Technologist QC workstation
D)Image management workstation

Question 26

Which function represents the range of gray values that are being viewed on the monitor?

A)Window
B)Level
C)Contrast
D)Density

Question 27

Which function allows the user to move through a series of images frame by frame?

A)Pan/zoom
B)Hanging protocol
C)Cine
D)Both A and C

Question 28

A square table of numbers that represents the intensity to be displayed on the monitor is a ______.

A)Matrix
B)Pixel
C)Resolution
D)Dot pitch

Question 29

Which advanced function allows the used to put multiple images together into one single image, such as scoliosis series?

A)Image postprocessing
B)MPR
C)Stitching
D)VRT

Question 30

If the number of ______ increase on a monitor, resolution ______.

A)Pixels, decreases
B)Matrices, decreases
C)Pixels, improves
D)Dot pitch, improves

Question 31

Which of the following would be considered categories of workstation functions?
1.Navigation functions
2.Image manipulation and enhancement functions
3.Image management functions

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 32

Which function determines how images are displayed on the monitor(s)?

A)Series navigation
B)Hanging protocol
C)Flip/rotate
D)All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following would be considered categories for display workstations?
1.Primary reading
2.Technologist QC
3.Archive server

A)1 only
B)1 and 2
C)1 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 34

Which function increases the size of an area on the image?

A)Pan/zoom
B)ROI
C)Annotations
D)Flip/rotate

Question 35

Which of the following measurements are commonly found on a PACS workstation?
1.ROI
2.Distance
3.Angle

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)2 and 3
D)1, 2, and 3

Question 36

Digital annotations may be used to indicate the right or left side of the patient.

Question 37

Which set of functions is used to move through images, series, studies, and patients?

A)Navigation functions
B)Image management functions
C)Image manipulation and enhancement functions
D)Advanced workstation functions

Question 38

Which workstation is used to review images after acquisition but before being sent off for reporting?

A)Primary reading workstation
B)Referring physician workstation
C)Technologist QC workstation
D)Image management workstation

Question 39

Which advanced function allows the user to remove all tissue above and below a certain threshold and to show the object in three-dimensions for better visualization?

A)MPR
B)MIP
C)MinIP
D)SSD

Question 40

Which advanced function uses a histogram-type graph to differentiate various structures using different colors that represent each of the intensities in the image?

A)MPR
B)MIP
C)VRT
D)SSD