Deck 11: Learners Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

Question 1

Which ethnic group is over-represented in the population with hearing impairments?

A)Hispanic
B)African-American
C)Asian
D)Native American

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The most important organ for hearing is the

A)cerumen.
B)tympanic membrane.
C)vestibular mechanism.
D)cochlea.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The most severe hearing impairments are associated with which part of the ear?

A)middle ear
B)eardrum
C)inner ear
D)outer ear

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When testing the hearing of a two-year-old child,an audiologist should avoid use of which type of audiometry?

A)brain-stem-evoked response
B)speech
C)tympanometry
D)conditioned play

Question 5

Video Example 11.6 depicts several hearing aids.The one recommended for hearing loss due to malfunction in the middle ear is

A)behind the ear.
B)inside the ear.
C)body-worn conduction.
D)bone conduction.

Question 6

The most frequent viral cause of non-genetic deafness in newborns is

A)otitis media.
B)maternal rubella.
C)congenital herpes.
D)congenital cytomegalovirus.

Question 7

Swimmers' ear

A)is a myth,the external canal is impervious to infections.
B)is medically known as external otitis,an infection of the skin of the external auditory canal.
C)is caused by allergies to algae in the water.
D)is caused by a perforation of the eardrum.

Question 8

Ideally,screening tests for babies should follow a

A)2-4-6-year rule.
B)1-3-6-month rule.
C)2-4-6-week rule.
D)2-4-6-month rule.

Question 9

The term "hard of hearing" is used to describe people with hearing impairment who

A)were not born deaf but became deaf later in life.
B)find it "hard" in their own subjective judgment)to hear as well as the rest of the population.
C)have a conductive hearing loss.
D)have enough residual hearing to process sound with a hearing aid.

Question 10

The ossicles function to create

A)increased sense of balance.
B)electrical impulse being sent to the brain.
C)transfer of energy from the middle to the inner ear.
D)a vacuum that stimulates hair cells.

Question 11

All of the following are problems associated with inner ear hearing loss EXCEPT

A)sound distortion.
B)balance problems.
C)ringing noises.
D)draining fluid.

Question 12

People who say that deafness should not be considered a disability argue that

A)there is a difference between prelingual and postlingual deafness.
B)they should be considered a cultural minority with a language of their own.
C)there are advantages to being deaf,so it is not a disability.
D)although deafness is a handicap,it is not a disability.

Question 13

Simon has a hearing loss that occurred when he was seven years old.His loss is best described as

A)conductive.
B)sensorineural.
C)congenital.
D)postlingual.

Question 14

Most speech sounds have frequencies pitch)that

A)have a very narrow range: 50-500 Hz.
B)have a range that is affected by altitude and humidity:100-900 Hz.
C)have a range higher than long-haired dogs: 250-1,000 Hz.
D)have a wide range: 500-2,000 Hz.

Question 15

From the physiological perspective,the distinction between "deaf" and "hard of hearing" is based on

A)decibel levels detected.
B)frequency of sounds detected.
C)location of hearing loss.
D)language ability.

Question 16

The "speech reception threshold" is best defined as the

A)decibel level at which one can understand speech.
B)intensity and frequency of spoken English.
C)Hz level at which the average person can detect sound.
D)level at which the human ear can discriminate between similar sounds.

Question 17

According to the U.S.Department of Education,what percentage of students are identified as deaf or hard of hearing?

A)14%
B)0.10%
C)1.4%
D)0.014%

Question 18

The middle ear consists of each of the following EXCEPT

A)incus.
B)malleus.
C)auricle.
D)stapes.

Question 19

From an educational point of view,how is "deafness" best defined?

A)a condition present since birth
B)an inability to understand speech even with a hearing aid
C)a hearing loss of more than 90 dB in at least one ear
D)a condition of old age

Question 20

Pure-tone audiometry establishes

A)detection and understanding of speech.
B)threshold for hearing at various frequencies.
C)kinds of hearing tests to be used.
D)presence of the Moro reflex.

Question 21

A principle underlying the bicultural-bilingual approach is

A)teaching the history of the Deaf culture instead of that of the dominant culture.
B)providing a foundation in spoken English to serve as a basis for ASL.
C)stressing that ASL is the primary language,and English is secondary.
D)encouraging hearing people to learn ASL as a second language.

Question 22

The two factors that seem to have a positive effect on social adjustment are

A)more inclusion with hearing peers and having parents who hear.
B)more inclusion with hearing peers and having parents who are deaf.
C)less inclusion with hearing peers and having parents who hear.
D)less inclusion with hearing peers and having parents who are deaf.

Question 23

Each of the following is TRUE about children who are deaf EXCEPT

A)They reach the same language development milestones in sign as children without hearing loss do in spoken language,but at a slower rate.
B)They reach the same language development milestones in sign at the same time as children without hearing loss do in spoken language.
C)They are at a distinct disadvantage regarding acquisition of spoken language.
D)They are at a distinct disadvantage regarding acquisition of English language comprehension.

Question 24

All of the following factors identify the Deaf community as a true culture EXCEPT

A)voluntary organizational networks such as National Theater of the Deaf.
B)historical awareness documenting people and events significant to deafness.
C)predominant pattern of marrying individuals with people outside of the Deaf community.
D)well-established behavioral guidelines with regard to such things as eye contact and physical touching.

Question 25

Teaching people with hearing impairments to use visual information such as facial expressions)to understand what is being said to them is

A)speechreading.
B)lipreading.
C)face reading.
D)gestural reading.

Question 26

The total communication approach uses

A)Braille and manual communication.
B)sign language and a typewriter.
C)a telephone and a computer.
D)oral and manual communication.

Question 27

Among students who are deaf,those who achieve the highest levels of literacy tend to have

A)hearing parents who teach them how to speak.
B)parents who are deaf who teach them ASL.
C)brothers and sisters who are hearing.
D)parents who communicate with them using both ASL and speech.

Question 28

A TT,also referred to as TTYs,is a device for

A)decoding closed captions on TV.
B)accessing teletext service.
C)printing sign language texts.
D)communicating via telephone.

Question 29

With respect to phonology skills in students who are deaf,

A)because they are virtually non-existent,they are largely irrelevant to their learning to read.
B)they should be ignored in reading instruction because they interfere with the visual skills needed to learn sign.
C)they are similar to phonology skills of students with reading disabilities.
D)they are most easily acquired if they are integrated into a differentiated curriculum model of instruction.

Question 30

The auditory-verbal approach encourages children with hearing impairment to

A)depend on their peers for sound cues.
B)use their residual hearing.
C)learn sign language as quickly as possible.
D)focus on visual cues.

Question 31

Grammatical structure of American Sign Language consists of each of the following EXCEPT

A)handshape.
B)location.
C)intensity.
D)movement.

Question 32

The genetic engineering debate regarding Deaf activism refers to members of the Deaf community who want to

A)eliminate embryos that have the Connexin-26 gene because it can cause deafness.
B)physically alter a gene to cause a baby to be hearing.
C)eradicate deafness in vitro.
D)deliberately increase their chances of having a deaf child.

Question 33

Currently,approximately what percentage of students with hearing impairments attends classes in their local schools?

A)86%
B)8%
C)10%
D)18%

Question 34

Each of the following is TRUE about sign language EXCEPT

A)It is a primitive,visual representation of oral language similar to mime.
B)It has grammatical structure at the sentence level and the word level.
C)There is no universal sign language.
D)Twins who are born deaf develop a signing system,but it is rudimentary and less sophisticated than ASL.

Question 35

A deaf baseball player for whom a petition has been circulated for him to be inducted into the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame is

A)Yogi Berra.
B)Johnny Lipon.
C)"Dummy" Hoy.
D)Al Kaline.

Question 36

Virtually all new television programs are captioned for use by people with hearing impairment.Federal law requires that TVs over 13 inches must

A)contain a chip that produces captions.
B)come with a decoder.
C)come with a VCR.
D)come with a teletypewriter.

Question 37

Each of the following statements is TRUE about signing English systems EXCEPT

A)They are the type of manualism most often used in total communication.
B)They follow the same word order as spoken English.
C)They include fingerspelling.
D)They result in more fluency than ASL.

Question 38

FM systems are used in conjunction with hearing aids to

A)amplify sound.
B)increase reverberation.
C)provide individualized instruction.
D)broadcast the schedule of daily events.

Question 39

When performance tests,rather than verbal tests,are used,

A)the IQ scores of both those who are hearing and those who are deaf are lower.
B)the IQ scores of those who are deaf are lower than those who are hearing.
C)the IQ scores of those who are deaf are higher than those who are hearing.
D)there is no difference in IQ scores between those who are deaf and those who are hearing.

Question 40

Each of the following is TRUE about cochlear implants in children EXCEPT

A)They result in better literacy skills,such as reading,writing,and spelling.
B)The chances of their resulting in better reading comprehension is increased with explicit instruction.
C)They result in better language development.
D)Their results are highly variable from individual to individual.

Question 41

Many in the Deaf community believe that residential schools for children who are deaf are necessary to

A)perpetuate the Deaf culture and use of ASL.
B)ensure that students learn age-appropriate social skills.
C)provide jobs for those who are deaf as workers in the schools.
D)overcome the negative effects of many home situations.

Question 42

What percentage of deaf children have hearing parents?

A)10%
B)5%
C)50%
D)90%

Question 43

Children with deafness who have parents who are also deaf

A)develop language more slowly than do infants with deafness who have hearing parents.
B)tend to be overly dependent on their parents when they reach school age.
C)develop ASL at a rate similar to the rate at which hearing infants develop English.
D)have difficulty relating to hearing children when placed in mainstream preschool settings.

Question 44

BASL stands for the British Audiologists' Sign Language organization.

Question 45

Students with hearing loss are served in special schools or residential settings more than any other disability category.

Question 46

Discuss procedures for measuring hearing in infants.

Question 47

Benicio,who is deaf,is the six-month-old son of hearing parents.To interact effectively with Benicio,his parents should

A)emphasize lip movements.
B)encourage verbal babbling.
C)attend to eye gaze.
D)avoid use of speech.

Question 48

Until the mid-1960s the only institution specifically for postsecondary education of students with hearing impairments was

A)Rochester.
B)Gallaudet.
C)Stanford.
D)Georgetown.

Question 49

In Video Example 11.1,Belissa tells about her experience of being hearing impaired without realizing it until she was a teenager.

Question 50

In recent years,many people within the deaf community have questioned the trend toward inclusion of children with hearing impairment because

A)it creates too much work for the general education teacher.
B)they do not get along with the other students.
C)it forces students to lose their deaf identity.
D)they do not have the cognitive or academic skills to succeed in the mainstream.

Question 51

A major reason individuals with hearing impairments find it difficult to find appropriate and satisfying employment is

A)their tendency to be "paranoid" about what people who have hearing are saying about them.
B)that they have become too dependent on the accommodations they have had in virtually all of their school experiences.
C)difficulties in understanding social cues.
D)poor understanding by those who hear of possible accommodations in the workplace for people with hearing impairments.

Question 52

Which statement about the assessment of progress of students who have hearing impairments is TRUE?

A)Curriculum-based measurement is not an appropriate method for measuring reading fluency for these students.
B)Most standardized assessments are biased towards the majority culture.
C)Research does not support the development of phonics-based reading skills for these students.
D)Several standardized measures of reading ability are available for these students.

Question 53

Children who are deaf who have parents who are deaf have higher reading achievement than those who have hearing parents.

Question 54

When performance tests are used,there is no difference in IQ scores between those who are deaf and those who are hearing.

Question 55

The focus of early intervention for children with hearing impairments is on

A)social skills.
B)language development.
C)play.
D)self-esteem.

Question 56

Children who are deaf reach language development milestones in sign later than hearing children do in spoken language.

Question 57

Most people who are deaf have some residual hearing.

Question 58

Describe the process of hearing within the context of the anatomy and physiology of the ear.

Question 59

A mutation in the connexin-26 gene is the most common cause of congenital deafness.

Question 60

Cued Speech is used by the majority of people with hearing impairments.

Question 61

Compare and contrast American Sign Language and signing English systems: As communication systems,what features do they share? What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of each for students with deafness?

Question 62

Why is language development so controversial for parents and professionals in early intervention?

Question 63

Identify and describe two factors that affect the social adjustment of individuals with hearing impairment.

Question 64

There is considerable disagreement among professionals and parents with respect to inclusion for students who are deaf.Describe two arguments against inclusion for these students.

Question 65

Describe the challenge faced by students with hearing impairment with respect to postsecondary education and employment.

Question 66

Describe advantages and disadvantages of the approaches to communication: oral auditory-verbal approach),total,or bicultural-bilingual.

Question 67

Discuss the effects of hearing impairment on intellectual development and describe recent changes in knowledge associated with this issue.