Deck 14: Learners With Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments

Question 1

In Video Example 14.3,Charlotte has a prosthetic leg,which

A)she will only need until she stops growing.
B)requires her to walk stiff-legged because it lacks knee and ankle joints.
C)helps lessen the amount of pressure exerted on her hand.
D)she can only use 3 to 4 hours per day because otherwise it results in sores.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Cerebral palsy is

A)a neurological disease.
B)subject to frequent remission.
C)sometimes contagious.
D)a nonprogressive disorder.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What effect have advances in medicine had on the need for special education due to physical disabilities?

A)almost eliminated the need for special education for the majority of students with physical disabilities
B)increased the need for special education for students with severe disabilities
C)made it more difficult to identify students with physical disabilities
D)the number of students needing services has been unaffected by medical advances

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Abrupt,involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance are known as

A)spastic movements.
B)atonic movements.
C)choreoathetoid movements.
D)atonic spasticity.

Question 5

When there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells,the result is

A)diplegia.
B)choreoathetoid movements.
C)spasticity.
D)seizures.

Question 6

A condition that becomes more and more severe over time is

A)progressive.
B)episodic.
C)chronic.
D)acute.

Question 7

Cerebral palsy is classified by

A)the limbs involved and type of motor disability.
B)time period during which brain damage occurred.
C)severity of the symptoms.
D)the effect on intellectual functioning.

Question 8

Impairments that a child is born with are referred to as

A)primary characteristics.
B)congenital anomalies.
C)secondary problems.
D)acquired disabilities.

Question 9

The primary distinguishing characteristic of children with physical disability is

A)intellectual and health problems.
B)intellectual and medical problems.
C)physical limitations or health problems.
D)medical or cognitive problems.

Question 10

Andre's legs are paralyzed,but he has full use of his arms.His condition is

A)diplegia.
B)hemiplegia.
C)paraplegia.
D)quadriplegia.

Question 11

Which statement is TRUE?

A)The number of people with physical disabilities is declining and the availability of service programs is improving.
B)The number of people with physical disabilities is growing along with the availability of service programs.
C)The number of people with physical disabilities is growing but the availability of service programs is not.
D)The number of people with physical disabilities is declining so the availability of service programs is decreasing.

Question 12

A condition that may be severe but resolves with treatment is

A)progressive.
B)episodic.
C)chronic.
D)acute.

Question 13

All of the following can cause cerebral palsy EXCEPT

A)maternal infections.
B)premature birth.
C)maternal exposure to toxic substances.
D)adequate oxygen supply to the brain.

Question 14

The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is

A)almost always in the range of intellectual disabilities.
B)clearly higher than the average for the general population.
C)nearly the same as for the general population.
D)difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception,movement,or response speed.

Question 15

When a child's nervous system is damaged,no matter what the cause,which of the following is often one of the symptoms?

A)muscular weakness or paralysis
B)cognitive deficits
C)seizures
D)missing or malformed limbs

Question 16

In Video Example 14.4,Dorothy has a wheelchair that

A)can only be used indoors.
B)allows her to reach objects from upper shelves of kitchen cabinets.
C)compared to her crutches,has made her more dependent on others.
D)can move sideways,as well as forward and backward.

Question 17

All of the following procedures should be followed if a student has a seizure in school EXCEPT

A)moving the child onto his/her side.
B)inserting an object between the teeth.
C)loosening clothing.
D)putting something flat and soft under the head.

Question 18

Seizures may differ on all of the following dimensions EXCEPT

A)duration.
B)latency.
C)frequency.
D)causes.

Question 19

Impairments that are the result of injury to the brain that also affect the ability to move parts of one's body are

A)neurological impairments.
B)traumatic brain injuries.
C)orthopedic impairments.
D)neuromotor impairments.

Question 20

A condition that recurs at successive times but does not necessarily become more severe overtime is

A)progressive.
B)episodic.
C)chronic.
D)acute.

Question 21

Children's reactions to their own physical disabilities are largely

A)a reflection of how others respond to them.
B)dependent on the nature and degree of their disabilities.
C)dependent on whether they use a wheelchair for mobility.
D)a reflection of how well they achieve academically.

Question 22

Tim has a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers.His condition is

A)muscular dystrophy.
B)spina bifida.
C)cerebral palsy.
D)multiple sclerosis.

Question 23

The intelligence of students with conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system is

A)lower than average.
B)unaffected.
C)higher than average.
D)indeterminate.

Question 24

Each of the following statements is TRUE about education for most children with a physical disability EXCEPT

A)It should be similar to that for children without disabilities but at a somewhat lower age level.
B)It is often extended beyond that typically provided to include self-help skills.
C)Objectives should include autonomy and self-advocacy.
D)Attention should be given to environmental changes that allow them to respond more effectively.

Question 25

Chronic diseases and health conditions of children have

A)decreased dramatically in recent decades due to improved drug therapies.
B)passed childhood accidents as a cause of death.
C)remained constant in recent decades.
D)increased dramatically during recent decades.

Question 26

Harris has a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development.His condition is known as

A)cleft lip.
B)spinal meningitis.
C)spina bifida.
D)cleft palate.

Question 27

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is a potentially debilitating disease that

A)causes rapid deterioration of muscle tissue.
B)is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles.
C)is associated with neurological degeneration.
D)occurs only in the elderly.

Question 28

The extent of the paralysis in spina bifida depends on

A)the stage of development during which it occurs.
B)the success or failure of the surgery to close the opening.
C)the success or failure of the surgery to repair the nerve damage.
D)how high or low the injury on the spinal column is.

Question 29

For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments,a common cause of academic difficulties is

A)discrimination and prejudice.
B)erratic school attendance.
C)poor study skills.
D)inadequate motivation.

Question 30

Which statement about phenylketonuria PKU)is TRUE?

A)It only causes intellectual disabilities.
B)It is the only known genetically determined metabolic disorder.
C)It requires a life-long special diet for treatment.
D)It goes away in late childhood.

Question 31

Catheterization is necessary for individuals with

A)lack of bladder control.
B)poor blood circulation.
C)poor oxygen exchange.
D)lack of mucus and salivation control.

Question 32

Which principles are most important to keep in mind when considering prosthetics and orthotics?

A)residual function,simplicity,reliability
B)age of person,length of limb,intelligence of person
C)residual function,length of limb,cost of device
D)residual function,simplicity,health of person

Question 33

Each of the following statements is TRUE about preventing physical disabilities EXCEPT

A)Many or most physical disabilities are preventable.
B)Reducing the number of adolescent pregnancies would reduce the number of physical disabilities.
C)Reducing the number of childhood vaccinations has reduced the number of cases of autism.
D)Children with disabilities are at a greater risk for abuse than are those without disabilities.

Question 34

The greatest problem with using technology for people with physical disabilities is

A)teaching them to use existing technologies.
B)accurately evaluating them to determine what would be most useful.
C)devising more sophisticated assistive technology.
D)the high cost of assistive technology.

Question 35

What causes more deaths in children than all childhood diseases combined?

A)AIDS
B)accidents
C)suicide
D)abuse

Question 36

In addition to its effect on the immune system,AIDS poses all of the following threats to children EXCEPT

A)intellectual disability.
B)emotional or behavioral disorders.
C)seizures.
D)muscular dystrophy.

Question 37

Oscar,a student with severe physical disabilities,depicted in Video Example 14.5 and Application Exercise 14.4,is integrated into the general education classroom with the help of

A)a prosthesis.
B)an orthosis.
C)a full-time aide.
D)a sign language interpreter.

Question 38

Any malformation of the spine,spinal cord,or brain is a

A)choreoathetoid defect.
B)neural tube defect.
C)type of spina bifida.
D)brainstem defect.

Question 39

Jim has an artificial leg.This is an example of an)

A)orthosis.
B)prosthesis.
C)adaptive device.
D)assistive device.

Question 40

A lung disease characterized by episodic inflammation or obstruction of the air passages such that the person has difficulty breathing is

A)allergies.
B)bronchitis.
C)asthma.
D)inhalation.

Question 41

Each of the following is a reason why most students with physical disabilities are integrated into public schools EXCEPT

A)advances in medical treatment allow greater mobility and functional movement.
B)decreases in architectural and transportation barriers.
C)federal law defined the least restrictive environment LRE)as the general education classroom.
D)movement toward public education for all children.

Question 42

In general,academic achievement of children with physical disabilities is below that of their nondisabled peers.

Question 43

Define cerebral palsy and discuss the range of effects that this condition can have on functioning.

Question 44

Describe the procedures to be followed when a child has a seizure.

Question 45

In most students with orthopedic or musculoskeletal disorders,intelligence is unaffected.

Question 46

Early intervention consists of all the following EXCEPT

A)career guidance.
B)handling and positioning.
C)maximizing the outcome of therapy.
D)developing communication skills.

Question 47

Even though a person's brain may be intact and functioning properly,he or she may have neurological impairment because of damage to the spinal cord.

Question 48

The primary goal of adapted physical education is

A)to eliminate physical education as a requirement for students with physical disabilities.
B)to provide physical education in a separate setting for students with physical disabilities.
C)to give students with physical disabilities more time in physical education to catch up to their peers.
D)to allow access to activities that support physical,recreational,and leisure goals.

Question 49

Motor skills need to be taught in isolation to avoid confusing the learner.

Question 50

The difference between physical therapy and occupational therapy

A)is that the latter focuses more often on adults in job-related situations.
B)is that the former focuses on sensory and gross motor functions,the latter on support for daily living skills.
C)is a matter of degree,not kind.
D)is no longer relevant since the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act ADA).

Question 51

A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is an)

A)physical therapist.
B)occupational therapist.
C)adaptations specialist.
D)cognitive therapist.

Question 52

Although cerebral palsy is not contagious,it is progressive.

Question 53

A situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee,performs a valued function in a regular work setting,and receives fair pay while receiving training,social skills instruction,and other services is

A)job coaching.
B)job shadowing.
C)supported employment.
D)partial employment.

Question 54

Physical disabilities of all kinds are decreasing because of medical advances.

Question 55

Discuss the relationship between medical advances and the prevalence of physical disabilities.

Question 56

Seizures occur more often in children with developmental disabilities than in children without disabilities.

Question 57

Providing support for the child's body and arranging instructional or play materials in certain ways is known as

A)positioning.
B)handling.
C)assisting.
D)adapting.

Question 58

Children with epilepsy are more disposed to learning disabilities than are children who do not have epilepsy.

Question 59

Mr.Kent has a child in his class who has a terminal illness.He should

A)avoid discussing his personal feelings about death and dying.
B)keep other students from airing their feelings during school hours.
C)be direct and open in discussing death and dying with the class.
D)avoid communicating directly with the child's parents unless a psychologist is present.

Question 60

Teenage mothers are more likely than older women to give birth to premature or low-birth weight babies.

Question 61

Describe ways that many physical disabilities could be prevented.

Question 62

Explain what is meant by the statement: "Educating students with physical disabilities is not so much a matter of special instruction for children with disabilities as it is of educating the nondisabled population." Think about your own home,school,and community and provide three examples of limitations imposed on a person with a physical disability and how those limitations could be eliminated.