Deck 10: Inquiry Methods and Fraud Reports

Question 1

The following are characteristics of a good interview except:

A) The interview is conducted as closely as possible to the event in question
B) The interview is objective, meaning the information is gathered in a fair and impartial manner.
C) The interview is short in length
D) Too much information is collected.

Answer 1

C
A: This is a characteristic of a good interview
B: This is a characteristic of a good interview
C: A good interview can be short or long in length
D: This is a characteristic of a good interview

Question 2

Which of the following is not a good thing to do during an interview?

A) Conduct the interview in private
B) Establish the purpose of the interview
C) Interview more than one person at once
D) Do not invade body space

Answer 2

C
A: This is good because it can limit distractions during the interview
B: Revealing the purpose of the interview, at least in general terms, can help put the interviewee at better ease
C: Interviewees will often influence what information is given if they are interviewed together
D: This can place undo stress or pressure on the interviewee

Question 3

Which of the following is the most common inquiry method?

A) Graphology
B) Pencil-and-paper tests
C) Interviewing
D) Voice stress analysis and polygraphs

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is not an example of a verbal clue?

A) Changes in speech pattern
B) Selective memory
C) Oaths
D) Intolerance for dishonest conduct

Question 5

Assessment questions seek to:

A) Gain an admission
B) Find out specific details related to the fraud
C) Establish credibility of the respondent
D) None of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good interview?

A) The interview is of sufficient length and depth to get relevant facts
B) The interview quickly gets to the focus
C) Interview is conducted as far away from the event as possible
D) Interviewer avoids unnecessary facts

Question 7

Which is not a verbal clue that would place suspicion on an interviewee?

A) Frequent reference to good character
B) Eagerness to end the interview
C) Avoidance of emotionally charged terms
D) Answering with a question
E) All of the above are suspicious verbal clues

Question 8

Calibration is:

A) The use of interpersonal space to convey meaning.
B) The process of observing behavior before questioning begins.
C) The strongest response to a threatened ego
D) The weakest response to a threatened ego

Question 9

During which stage of the reactionary process is the most useful time to interview individuals who are dealing with fraud?

A) acceptance
B) bargaining
C) depression
D) anger

Question 10

Which of the following is the last reaction in the predictable sequence of reactions

A) Depression
B) Anger
C) Rationalization
D) Acceptance

Question 11

Which of the following will result in the worst interviewing results?

A) Taking notes during the interview
B) Interviewing the suspect before enough information is collected
C) Being sympathetic in the interview
D) Using technical jargon

Question 12

The most effective theme of interviewing is:

A) that help is being sought
B) the motive for committing the fraud
C) the fraud and how it evolved
D) the suspect's involvement in the fraud
E) none of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct sequence of reactions to crisis?

A) Denial, anger, rationalization, depression, acceptance
B) Rationalization, anger, depression, acceptance, denial
C) Denial, depression, anger, rationalization, acceptance
D) Rationalization, depression, anger, denial, acceptance

Question 14

All of the following are important elements to successful interviews except:

A) Using short questions confined to one topic, which can be clearly and easily understood
B) Using leading questions
C) Requiring direct responses
D) Pointing out some, but not all, of the circumstantial evidence

Question 15

Interviewers who use pacing are employing a form of communication called _________.

A) Kinetic
B) Paralinguistic
C) Chronemic
D) Proxemic

Question 16

Interviewers should demonstrate all but which characteristic during interviews?

A) Efficiency
B) Politeness
C) Courtesy
D) Admiration of the perpetrator

Question 17

The use of body movement to convey meaning is

A) Proxemic communication
B) Kinetic communication
C) Chronemic communication
D) Paralinguistic communication

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good interviewer?

A) One who interrupts respondents
B) One who is able to get others to open up and share information
C) One who interviews in a non-formal manner
D) One who demonstrates a biased opinion

Question 19

Most nonverbal clues fall into one of four categories. Which is not one of those categories?

A) Paralinguistics
B) Kinetics
C) Chronometrics
D) Proxemics
E) All of the above are categories of nonverbal clues

Question 20

Which of the following practices should interviewers avoid?

A) Taking detailed notes.
B) Making notes regarding your overall opinions or impressions of a witness
C) Being prepared by writing down a list of interview questions
D) All of the above should be avoided.

Question 21

Which of the following is something that an interviewee might do or feel while in the denial phase?

A) Insult, harm, or slander the interviewer
B) Attempt to justify the act of the fraud
C) Become sad, withdraw, or lose interest in the fraud
D) The interviewee may lack comprehension of what the interviewer has said about the fraud.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a verbal clue that someone may be lying?

A) Reluctance to terminate the interview
B) Rambling
C) Repetition of the question
D) Refusal to implicate other suspects
E) All of the above are verbal clues

Question 23

In the sequence of reactions to a crisis, which is the most dangerous time in which to attempt to solve a fraud?

A) Denial
B) Anger
C) Depression
D) Rationalization

Question 24

Which of the following is a non-sensitive word?

A) Inquiry.
B) Review.
C) Interview.
D) Shortage.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a type of interviewee?

A) Friendly
B) Factual
C) Neutral
D) Hostile

Question 26

Which are not elements of conversation?

A) Expression
B) Persuasion
C) Therapy
D) Ritual
E) Information Exchange

Question 27

_______________________ refers to the use of time in interpersonal relationships to convey meaning, attitudes and desires?

A) Proxemic communication
B) Chronemic Communication
C) Kinetic communication
D) Paralinguistic communication

Question 28

Use of the following methods will help an interviewer deal with difficult people, except:

A) Disarm the interviewee using surprise
B) Change tactics
C) Make it hard to say "No"
D) Don't react
E) All of the above are useful in dealing with difficult people

Question 29

Each of the following is a clue that an interviewee is dishonest EXCEPT,

A) Upon repeated accusations, a dishonest person's denials become more vehement.
B) In order to add credibility to false statements, liars request that the interviewers obtain character testimony from other people.
C) Liars often refuse to implicate possible suspects-or, in other words, honest people are more willing to name others involved in misdeeds.
D) Dishonest people frequently cover their mouths with their hand or fingers during deception.

Question 30

All of the following are true concerning polygraphs except:

A) Polygraphs are more complicated than voice stress analyzers
B) They rarely detect psychopathic liars
C) Individuals who pass polygraph tests are probably innocent
D) Investigators must inform suspects that they do not have to take a polygraph
E) All of the above are true

Question 31

Which of the following is not a reaction to crisis:

A) Denial.
B) Depression.
C) Acceptance.
D) Apathy.

Question 32

Which of the following is not considered a normal response to an ego threat?

A) Repression
B) Disapproval
C) Loss of Status
D) Trauma

Question 33

In an admission-seeking interview,

A) the interview should be held in the interviewee's office or home.
B) the interviewer must read Miranda Warnings.
C) the interviewee should be confronted as soon as authorities have reason to suspect him.
D) the interviewer should attempt to interrupt any denial.

Question 34

_________ are not very good investigative methods because they often lead to incorrect decisions and frighten innocent people.

A) Interviews
B) Interrogations
C) Graphology
D) Voice stress analysis and polygraphs

Question 35

All of the following are verbal clues for deception except for:

A) Changes in speech patterns
B) Selective memory
C) Making excuses
D) Direct eye contact

Question 36

In which of the following stages would an individual usually become withdrawn, uncooperative, or embarrassed?

A) Denial.
B) Anger.
C) Rationalization.
D) Depression.

Question 37

Which of the following elements is true regarding a confession?

A) The confession can be changed in ink, with everyone's initials
B) A written confession must be completely voluntary
C) A written confession must contain elements of the fraudster's intent
D) A written confession should be drafted by the confessors
E) All of the elements should exist during a confession

Question 38

All of the following are true concerning the preparation for an interview except:

A) The interview room should establish a sense of privacy
B) The investigator should not suggest that the accused have counsel present
C) The investigator must give Miranda warnings to the accused
D) All of above are true

Question 39

Which of the following is an element of a leading question?

A) It is not easily understood.
B) It contains the answer in it.
C) It generally requires a "yes" or "no" answer.
D) It is confusing and suggests an answer opposite to the correct one.

Question 40

Which of the following methods is the most efficient method to reduce the negative effects of the etiquette barrier of communication?

A) Showing a generally accepted and sympathetic attitude toward respondents
B) Telling respondents that information will be handled confidentially
C) Selecting an appropriate interviewer and a proper setting for the interview
D) Convincing respondents that the interview is a good use of their time.

Question 41

Which of the following is not necessary when interviewing?

A) Use clear and easily understood questions
B) Concentrate more on the answer being given than the next question you will ask
C) Use questions focused on getting the responses you seek
D) A and B
E) All of the above

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT an important Closing Question?

A) In conclusion, what do you think should be done?
B) Do you know anyone else I should talk to?
C) Is there anything I have forgotten to ask that you believe would be relevant?
D) If I need to talk to you again, would that be all right?

Question 43

Which of the following would be considered a form of denial?

A) A person's anger is directed at friends, relatives, or co-workers.
B) After an attempt to resolve the problem fails, a person's hope diminishes.
C) A person's anger is replaced by disappointment or embarrassment.
D) A person does not comprehend what has been said.

Question 44

While planning an interview, it is important that the investigator gather the following information about the interviewee:

A) Personal background information
B) Information about the interviewee's legal counsel
C) Attitude toward investigation
D) Any physical or mental conditions, such as alcohol or drug use

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT an Inhibitor of Communication?

A) Threatened Egos
B) Trauma
C) Catharsis
D) Unconscious Behavior

Question 46

Guilty people almost never confess when it is conveyed that they are what type of person?

A) Bad
B) Considerate
C) Good
D) Friendly

Question 47

Which of the following is an example of Stage 2 in the reaction to a crisis?

A) A person appears temporarily stunned or dazed.
B) A person feels that the perpetrator's motivation was almost justifiable.
C) A person insults, harms, or slanders the suspect.
D) A person is sad and withdraws or loses interest in the environment

Question 48

Which of the following are TRUE concerning signed statements?

A) Allow the confessor to draft the statement,
B) The statement's wording should be general,
C) Declarants should read and sign the statement without undue delay,
D) Two people are legally required to witness the signing of the statement

Question 49

Which of the following is not an example of proper interviewer demeanor?

A) Sit fairly close to the interviewee and stay seated.
B) Take careful notes during the interview.
C) Thank the witness for cooperating.
D) Be friendly but not social.

Question 50

A person will generally confess when

A) There is doubt in the mind of the accuser as to his or her guilt
B) They perceive the benefits of confession outweigh the penalties,
C) The accuser has reasonable suspicion or predication to believe the accused has committed an offense,
D) The accuser conveys the accused as a "bad person"

Question 51

The feeling of a General Manager that he can "save" an employee who has committed a fraudulent act is an indication that the manager is in what stage of Crisis.

A) Denial
B) Rationalization or bargaining
C) Depression
D) Bargaining or Rationalization

Question 52

The most common of all investigative techniques is:

A) Interviewing
B) Undercover operations
C) Ratio analysis
D) Invigilation

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a technique for refuting an alibi?

A) Display physical evidence,
B) Discuss specific witnesses to the crime by name,
C) Discuss deceptions,
D) Present alternatives.

Question 54

What is one of the most important personality traits of being an effective interviewer?

A) Happy/cheerful
B) Strict
C) Outgoing
D) Open/direct

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a step in the admission-seeking interview?

A) Interrupt denials,
B) Intimidation tactics
C) Delaying tactics
D) Accuse directly

Question 56

What is Graphology?

A) The study of handwriting for the purpose of character analysis
B) Voice stress analysis for the purpose of determining whether a person is lying or telling the truth.
C) Using answers to pencil-and-paper honesty tests to elicit information about a person's honesty and code of ethics.
D) The process by which we obtain release from unpleasant emotional tensions by talking about the source of these tensions.

Question 57

It is said that everyone lies for any one of the following reasons except::

A) To receive rewards
B) To avoid punishment
C) To help others
D) People lie for any one of the above reasons (All are correct)

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT considered a basic strategy of admission-seeking interviews?

A) Obtaining confession,
B) Maximizing sympathy,
C) Minimizing sympathy,
D) Minimizing perception of moral wrongdoing