Deck 22: The Reach of Prejudice

Question 1

People who are overweight

A)face less discrimination than minority racial groups.
B)face more discrimination than minority racial groups.
C)are perceived as unhappy and content.
D)do not face discrimination.

Answer 1

face more discrimination than minority racial groups.

Question 2

Prejudice is a(n)

A)behavior.
B)cognition.
C)attitude.
D)affect.

Answer 2

attitude.

Question 3

An institutional practice that subordinates people of a given race is called

A)racism.
B)prejudice.
C)discrimination.
D)a stereotype.

Answer 3

racism.

Question 4

Research concerning automatic prejudices reveals that

A)automatic processing is associated with the frontal cortex.
B)pictures of outgroups that elicit the most disgust elicit more frontal lobe activity.
C)automatic processing is a conscious activity.
D)automatic processing involves primitive areas of the brain associated with fear.

Question 5

Mr.Watson's belief that Blacks are lazy is an example of _______.His refusal to rent an apartment to a Black family is an example of _______.

A)a stereotype;racism
B)discrimination;prejudice
C)a stereotype;discrimination
D)racism;prejudice

Question 6

Although Marcia says she is not prejudiced against Blacks,she votes against interviewing a job applicant with an African name for a flimsy reason.She is exhibiting what some social science researchers call

A)overt discrimination.
B)automatic processing.
C)modern racism.
D)hidden racism.

Question 7

A preconceived negative judgment of a group and its individual members is called

A)racism.
B)discrimination.
C)sexism.
D)prejudice.

Question 8

_______ is a negative attitude;_______ is a negative behavior.

A)A stereotype;racism
B)Racism;stereotyping
C)Discrimination;prejudice
D)Prejudice;discrimination

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of modern prejudice?

A)Americans disliking Muslims
B)Overpraising minorities for their accomplishments
C)Over criticizing minorities for their mistakes
D)Failing to warn a minority student about potential academic difficulty

Question 10

asked both Black and White participants to press a "shoot" button when the target appeared to be holding a gun (rather than a harmless object such as a flashlight).Their results showed that all participants mistakenly shot at more targets who were

A)White.
B)Black.
C)male.
D)female.

Question 11

Jay believes that all Muslims are violent extremists.This is

A)discrimination.
B)a stereotype.
C)a behavioral tendency.
D)an example of groupthink.

Question 12

Research has shown that today prejudiced attitudes and discriminatory behavior

A)do not exist.
B)run rampant.
C)surface when they can hide behind a different motive.
D)are more obvious than they have been in the past.

Question 13

According to survey research conducted in the U.S. ,racial prejudice toward African-Americans

A)is worse than ever today.
B)has decreased since the early 1940s.
C)has actually increased since the early 1980s.
D)decreased from 1940 to 1960,then increased until 1980,and has since stabilized.

Question 14

A state police force has set a height requirement of 5 feet 10 inches for all officers.This requirement is irrelevant to job effectiveness but generally excludes Hispanics,Asians,and women from the force.Such a requirement most clearly reflects

A)racism and sexism.
B)scapegoating and discrimination.
C)stereotyping and prejudice.
D)the realistic conflict theory.

Question 15

gave African-American children a choice between Black dolls and White dolls.Results showed that most children

A)chose the Black dolls.
B)chose the White dolls.
C)refused to choose between them.
D)used the dolls in aggressive symbolic play.

Question 16

A belief about the personal attributes of a group of people is called a(n)

A)affect.
B)behavioral tendency.
C)cognition.
D)stereotype.

Question 17

Recent research confirms that prejudiced and stereotyped evaluations

A)are more widespread than formerly believed.
B)are higher among females than males.
C)are higher among males than females.
D)can occur outside of one's conscious awareness.

Question 18

Since the Iraq war,Americans have developed negative views of

A)Muslims.
B)Iraqis.
C)Democrats.
D)Jews.

Question 19

Attitudes contain all of the following EXCEPT

A)affects.
B)behavioral tendencies.
C)cognitions.
D)stereotypes.

Question 20

An institutional practice that subordinates people of a given sex is called

A)sexism.
B)prejudice.
C)discrimination.
D)a stereotype.

Question 21

Which statement is FALSE?

A)Strong gender stereotypes exist.
B)Members of a stereotyped group accept the stereotypes.
C)Worldwide,women are perceived as more agreeable.
D)Racial stereotypes are stronger than gender stereotypes.

Question 22

Define and provide examples of prejudice,stereotypes,and discrimination.

Question 23

found that _____ are more likely to be associated with threat and be "shot" in simulations.

A)Black females
B)Black males
C)Muslim females
D)Muslim males

Question 24

Most Americans agree that

A)the activities of married women are best confined to the home and family.
B)they would probably move if Black people came to live in great numbers in their neighborhood.
C)the two sexes are equally emotional.
D)they would vote for a qualified woman whom their party nominated for president.

Question 25

Summarize the research on racial attitudes in the U.S.from the 1940s to current times.

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of benevolent sexism?

A)"Women have a superior moral sensibility."
B)"Once a man commits,she puts him on a tight leash."
C)"Women are less skilled in mathematics than men."
D)"Women are more emotional than men."

Question 27

Provide an example of hostile sexism and an example of benevolent sexism.

Question 28

A review of research on gender attitudes suggests

A)that most people have gut-level negative emotions about women even though they describe them favorably.
B)a "women-are-wonderful" effect.
C)that most people express more admiration than affection for women.
D)that men and women are viewed as equally understanding and helpful.

Question 29

"women-are-wonderful" effect is an example of

A)a form of prejudice.
B)a favorable stereotype.
C)hostile sexism.
D)discrimination.

Question 30

Data from 27 countries shows that people everywhere perceive women as more _______ and men as more _______.

A)agreeable;outgoing
B)outgoing;agreeable
C)democratic;emotional
D)emotional;collectivistic

Question 31

Ideas about how men and women ought to behave are called _______,whereas people's ideas about how women and men do behave are called _______.

A)gender-role norms;gender stereotypes
B)gender stereotypes;gender-role norms
C)gender preferences;gender roles
D)sexist attitudes;sexists stereotypes

Question 32

found that both men and women think that

A)women make better leaders.
B)women are more "emotional."
C)men and women are equally assertive.
D)men and women are equally compassionate.

Question 33

Around the world,people tend to prefer

A)baby boys except in the U.S.where girls are preferred.
B)baby boys.
C)baby girls except in China where boys are preferred.
D)baby girls.