Deck 19: C: Globalization

Question 1

When different countries are positioned within a global ranking system,those countries are,by definition,

A)colonized.
B)stratified.
C)globalized.
D)systematized.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

This type of economy refers to the state's managing the production and distribution of goods.

A)Market
B)Command
C)Global
D)Capitalist

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which term refers to the political,economic,and cultural domination of countries in Asia,Africa,and the Americas by European countries starting in the sixteenth century?

A)Colonization
B)Globalization
C)Command economy
D)Global stratification

Answer 3

A

Question 4

As discussed in the text,an important technological innovation that contributes to globalization is

A)the car.
B)the airplane.
C)container shipping.
D)the railway.

Question 5

Large companies based in one country with overseas operations in two or more other countries are known as

A)transnational corporations.
B)International corporations.
C)multifaceted corporations.
D)modern corporations.

Question 6

The terminology associated with "development" is problematic for the following reasons except which one?

A)It has a Western bias.
B)The term underdeveloped suggests the lack of any economic talent or exposure.
C)The term underdeveloped implies that some countries are lesser than others.
D)The term developing reflects the natural development of any nation.

Question 7

As reported by the International Labour Organization (ILO),this percentage of workers lives in poverty today.

A)10
B)20
C)35
D)50

Question 8

_____________ refers to the inability to secure the goods and services required to live a life equal to working-class standards.

A)Absolute poverty
B)Relative poverty
C)Trickle-down theory
D)Global poverty

Question 9

Which of the following is not a contributing factor to globalization?

A)The collapse of the Soviet Union
B)Expanding trade
C)The emergence of international banking
D)The emergence of the international trading fund

Question 10

The "Four Little Asian Tigers" of Hong Kong,Singapore,South Korea,and Taiwan are considered

A)First World countries.
B)developing countries.
C)newly industrialized countries (NICs).
D)Third World Countries.

Question 11

Contemporary sociologists prefer to use the term _______________over the term Third World.

A)Globally Oppressed
B)Global South
C)South World
D)Fourth World

Question 12

This refers to the worldwide exchange of money,goods,and services as well as the socio-cultural changes that accompany increasing trade and human contact.

A)Imperialism
B)Social progress
C)Globalization
D)Homogenization

Question 13

Which statement below reflects a critique of First World,Second World,and Third World terminology?

A)They have a Western bias.
B)There is no assumption that the First World is the gold standard.
C)This terminology fails to see how Second and Third World countries are lagging behind First World countries.
D)Third World countries should work up to First World status.

Question 14

GDP refers to

A)gross dignitary product.
B)gross domestic product.
C)growth domestic product.
D)great domestic product.

Question 15

Which of the following is not an example of globalization and inequality?

A)The incomes of the world's richest 85 individuals combined are greater than the incomes of the poorest 3.4 billion combined.
B)There are 375 million workers worldwide who earn less than $1.25 a day.
C)There are 839 million workers who earn less than $2 a day.
D)Wealth has been transferred from corporations to workers.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to globalization?

A)Technological change
B)Political change
C)Economic change
D)The decrease in worldwide trade

Question 17

What has global development's impact been on the gap between rich and poor around the world?

A)Increased the gap dramatically
B)Lessened the gap dramatically
C)Increased the gap slightly
D)Lessened the gap slightly

Question 18

Previously poor countries in Asia and Latin America that have begun to industrialize are now referred to as

A)newly industrialized countries.
B)formerly colonized countries.
C)neo-capitalist nations.
D)developing nations.

Question 19

Which answer is inconsistent with globalization today?

A)Economies are more interdependent.
B)Economies are more intertwined.
C)An exception to globalization is the fruits and vegetables we often eat.
D)The power of individual nation-states to determine their own economic,political,and cultural destinies is declining.

Question 20

____________ refers to a failure to meet the basic needs of life.

A)Absolute poverty
B)Relative poverty
C)Trickle-down theory
D)Global poverty

Question 21

According to Wallerstein's theory,core regions that are in decline or peripheries trying to improve their positions are best referred to as

A)partial-periphery.
B)semi-peripheral.
C)globalizing.
D)modernizing.

Question 22

Colonization of Asia,Africa,and the Americas by European countries includes all except which type of domination?

A)Political
B)Economic
C)Legal
D)Cultural

Question 23

According to the World Institute for Development and Economics Research,almost ____ percent of the world's wealth is found in North America,Europe,and high-income Asia-Pacific countries.

A)50
B)65
C)80
D)90

Question 24

Which statement does not reflect the homogenization of culture?

A)We run the risk of losing cultural diversity.
B)Cultural practices lie at the heart of globalization.
C)Cultures tend to become more indigenized.
D)Globalization has facilitated the rise of an increasingly homogenized global culture dominated by the Anglo-American value system.

Question 25

According to world system theorists,the ___________ refers to wealthy,developed countries,and the ____________ refers to countries from which resources are extracted.

A)core;semi-periphery
B)periphery;core
C)periphery;semi-periphery
D)core;periphery

Question 26

The goal of this theory is to propose strategies for economic growth and political stability.

A)Modernization theory
B)Dependency theory
C)World system theory
D)Development theory

Question 27

This concept refers to the political and social domination of the property owning class in capitalist society,expressed not only in ideologies but in all realms of culture and social organization.

A)Power
B)Hegemony
C)Modernization
D)Colonization

Question 28

In 1968,the federal government founded the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)with the stated intention of

A)intensifying the spread of capitalism.
B)helping poor countries.
C)helping women attain rights in patriarchal countries.
D)challenging war.

Question 29

"Globalization maintains and enhances the wealth of a small number of nations while creating poverty in others!" This statement would be most likely made by a ________________ theorist.

A)world system
B)modernization
C)dependency
D)post-modern

Question 30

This theory critiques modernization theory for failing to see underdevelopment as the inevitable outcome of long-term inequality between advanced and less developed nations.

A)Modernization theory
B)Dependency theory
C)World system theory
D)Development theory

Question 31

This theory investigates the economic and political hierarchy that links all economies into a global system.

A)Modernization theory
B)Dependency theory
C)World system theory
D)Development theory

Question 32

The primary intent of this theory is to explain and advance the transition from traditional to modern society.

A)Modernization
B)Dependency
C)World system
D)Marxist

Question 33

As theorists of globalization point out,in a world increasingly dominated by Western mass media,we run the risk of losing

A)cultural diversity.
B)our value system.
C)religious freedom.
D)political economy.

Question 34

This theoretical approach asserts that since industrialized nations are doing so well,poor countries should naturally want to be like them.

A)Modernization theory
B)Dependency theory
C)World system theory
D)Development theory

Question 35

Which of the following is not a critique of modernization theory?

A)It is simplistic and overlooks the complexity of poverty.
B)It blames individuals for their own poverty.
C)Modernization is best achieved through economic growth and industrialization.
D)It is both Eurocentric and ethnocentric.

Question 36

The worldwide exchange of money,goods,and services as well as the socio-cultural changes that occur with human contact is referred to as

A)colonization.
B)globalization.
C)social cultural change.
D)global stratification.

Question 37

In 2012,the GDP per person in the United States was $51 749,whereas in Canada it was approximately

A)$60 000.
B)$58 000.
C)$41 000.
D)$24 000.

Question 38

Wallerstein's analysis of the economic and political hierarchy that links all economies into a global system is known as

A)global system theory.
B)world exploitation theory.
C)dependency theory.
D)world system theory.

Question 39

The foundation for modernization theory is the belief that

A)poor countries should naturally want to be like industrialized nations since they are doing so well.
B)poor countries should naturally dislike industrialized nations since they are doing so disproportionately well.
C)poor countries lack citizens with strong motivation.
D)capitalism is an exploitative mode of production.

Question 40

A system in which the state manages the production and distribution of goods is referred to as

A)a command economy.
B)a capitalist economy.
C)state/welfare capitalism.
D)communism.

Question 41

Who refers to foreign aid as a mechanism for changing the social order?

A)Foucault
B)Durkheim
C)Bernstein
D)Sachs

Question 42

The concept of reintegration into the global economy can be found in

A)world system theory.
B)dependency theory.
C)trickle-down theory.
D)modernization theory.

Question 43

More than half of transnational corporations are from just five nations.Which is not one of those nations?

A)Japan
B)Germany
C)United States
D)China

Question 44

A TNC refers to a multinational corporation whose defining features include

A)a strategic focus solely based on economic gains with little regard for national boundaries.
B)a strategy based on the economic welfare of the countries in which they operate.
C)a strategy based on corporate gain and an ISO 9000 regulation.
D)a strategy that is driven by high standards,good quality,economic fairness,and environmental awareness.

Question 45

What term is applied to countries that have yet to realize their economic potential?

A)Developing countries
B)Underdeveloped countries
C)Undeveloped countries
D)Global South

Question 46

In 2003 which country became the world's largest net recipient of foreign direct investment?

A)India
B)Mexico
C)China
D)Colombia

Question 47

Britain's control over India's economic,political,and cultural processes from 1858 to 1947 is an example of

A)global citizenship.
B)globalization.
C)colonization.
D)command economy.

Question 48

Heo and Hahm (2007)use the acronym NIC for

A)new international centres.
B)national intelligence council.
C)newly industrialized countries.
D)network interest collaboration.

Question 49

The organization created to help rebuild Europe after the Second World War is known as the

A)International Monetary Fund.
B)World Bank.
C)World Trade Organization.
D)European Union.

Question 50

What theory was developed out of the end of European hegemony and the beginning of the Cold War?

A)Conflict
B)Dependency
C)World system
D)Modernization

Question 51

In 2005 the percent of total global output increased to

A)44.
B)48.
C)58.
D)54.

Question 52

Modernization theory is entirely consistent with

A)functionalism.
B)conflict theory.
C)symbolic interactionism.
D)post-structuralism.

Question 53

Political and social domination in all areas of society of the bourgeois class in a capitalist society is referred to as

A)capitalism.
B)hegemony.
C)global inequality.
D)homogeneity.

Question 54

In 2013,ten well-known firms,Wal-Mart,Exxon,Apple,and Google to name a few,were responsible for more than

A)$6.4 trillion in gross sales.
B)$2.8 trillion in gross sales.
C)$1.7 trillion in gross sales.
D)$5.4 trillion in gross sales.

Question 55

Dependency theory is strongly consistent with

A)functionalism.
B)symbolic interactionism.
C)post-structuralism.
D)conflict theory.

Question 56

A person's inability to sustain him- or herself on a daily basis is referred to as

A)relative poverty.
B)absolute poverty.
C)economic instability.
D)global poverty.

Question 57

Which country became the world's largest net recipient of foreign direct investment?

A)China
B)Taiwan
C)Mexico
D)India

Question 58

Trickle-down theory believes that

A)those who help themselves will become wealthy.
B)economic growth will help the poor.
C)wealth flows from the top down.
D)wealth flows from the bottom up.

Question 59

The International Labour Organization reports that in 2013 there were

A)378 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day.
B)839 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day.
C)375 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day.
D)552 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day.

Question 60

The inclusion of new cultural values and messages into the local culture is referred to as

A)acculturation.
B)enculturation.
C)cultural sharing.
D)indigenization.

Question 61

The proliferation of Disney's theme parks all over the world,promoting an American approach to fun and recreation (which involves escapism and mass consumption),is an example of

A)Americanization.
B)indigenization.
C)cosmopolitanism.
D)modernization.

Question 62

According to the definitions of World System Theory,Canada would be considered

A)as not fitting into any of these definitions.
B)a core country.
C)a peripheral country.
D)a semi-peripheral country.

Question 63

Despite Canada being part of the Global North,the current controversy over Canada's natural resources (e.g. ,the Enbridge pipeline)and the demands superpowers like the US and China are making on the government to provide them is an example of

A)Canada's peripheral status.
B)a command economy.
C)colonization.
D)geopolitics.

Question 64

Theo's family owns a house in Toronto but his dad works for a large corporation in South Asia and his mom runs a European online business.This is an example of

A)Colonization.
B)global citizenship.
C)hyphenated-Canadian syndrome.
D)multiculturalism.

Question 65

If you are working for an organization that is providing funding to Haiti to help it recover from the devastating earthquake of 2010,you are working for the/a

A)World Bank.
B)International Monetary Fund.
C)World Trade Organization.
D)transnational corporation.

Question 66

Ted and Janice both work full-time but for minimum wage and sometimes run short of money for the basic necessities,forcing them to utilize resources such as the Food Bank.According to definitions of poverty,they are living in

A)relative poverty.
B)absolute poverty.
C)what is not considered to be poverty.
D)global poverty.

Question 67

If you are working for an organization that is providing funds to poor farmers in Africa to help them secure a safe and consistent water supply for their crops in order to prevent future famine,you are working for the/a

A)World Bank.
B)International Monetary Fund.
C)World Trade Organization.
D)transnational corporation.

Question 68

If you tend to take a "blame the victim" approach to global inequality,you are most likely a

A)dependency theorist.
B)modernization theorist.
C)world systems theorist.
D)proponent of trickle-down theory.

Question 69

"When a butterfly flaps its wings in one part of the world,it can cause a hurricane in another part of the world";this quote is indicative of the effect of

A)diversification.
B)a command economy.
C)colonization.
D)globalization.

Question 70

If you are living in Mexico,you are living in

A)the Global North.
B)a newly industrialized country.
C)the Global South.
D)a developing country.

Question 71

Traditionally,much of Africa would have been considered

A)developing countries.
B)developed countries.
C)undeveloped countries.
D)underdeveloped countries.

Question 72

If you are interested in studying how mutually beneficial economic partnerships with countries in the Global North have helped Mexico to become a newly industrialized country,you would be coming from a ________________theory perspective.

A)functionalist
B)dependency
C)world systems
D)modernization

Question 73

The idea of the "global village," which allows for individual identity and collective culture to change over time,is associated with

A)Americanization.
B)indigenization.
C)cosmopolitanism.
D)modernization.

Question 74

If you are working for an organization that has a head office in the Global North and subsidiaries and manufacturing facilities in the Global South,you are working for the/a

A)World Bank.
B)International Monetary Fund.
C)World Trade Organization.
D)transnational corporation.