Deck 12: C: Education

Question 1

Tuition fees and tuition fee increases in Canada are highest in these disciplines:

A)social sciences.
B)fine arts.
C)natural sciences.
D)professional programs.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

According to __________,education systems serve and reflect the values and interests of society.

A)conflict theorists
B)symbolic interactionists
C)functionalists
D)feminists

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Bowles and Gintis argue that schools in a capitalist society are structured in such a way as to prevent social class

A)solidarity.
B)consciousness.
C)mobility.
D)success.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Functionalists would agree with all of the following statements except

A)the education system serves a function that reflects those in positions of authority.
B)schools are functional because they reflect the values and interests of society.
C)schools are functional for children because they help them transition into functioning citizens.
D)learning happens by ways of hidden curriculum,which influences and shapes students by teaching them to be obedient and to value competitiveness.

Question 5

Two of the most expensive areas of study at Canadian universities are

A)dentistry and law.
B)law and medicine.
C)business and medicine.
D)business and law.

Question 6

Conflict theorists would agree with all of the following statements except:

A)Schools prepare future generations for participation in the capitalist market.
B)Schools are structured to reflect workplaces.
C)Behaviour is motivated through external rewards that reflect the interests of a certain few.
D)Schools are structured in a way that promotes class mobility.

Question 7

Less overt aspects of schooling that nonetheless influence and shape students by teaching them to value such things as obedience and competition is referred to by sociologists as the ___________ curriculum.

A)unequal
B)underlying
C)"real"
D)hidden

Question 8

"Students from privileged class backgrounds are more likely to continue to higher levels of schooling than are students from lower social class backgrounds." This statement supports the idea that schools are structured in such a way as to prevent social class mobility.This supports which sociological approach?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 9

Approximately what percentage of the Canadian population has more than a high school education today?

A)24
B)46
C)59
D)62

Question 10

Prior to colonization,Aboriginal peoples practised a type of education that was tailored to the practical needs of families,clans,and communities and that took place in communities amid the natural environment.This type of education is known as ____________ education.

A)primordial
B)organic
C)natural
D)original

Question 11

In his class presentation,Ryan asserts,"Schools are instrumental in preparing future conformers and thus relinquishing their revolutionary possibilities for human development and progress." Ryan is drawing on a ______________ perspective of education.

A)conflict
B)functionalist
C)post-structuralist
D)symbolic interactionist

Question 12

Industrialization and immigration paved the way for __________ education.

A)capitalist
B)macro
C)mass
D)organic

Question 13

Arguing from a conflict theorist perspective,high tuition rates

A)are beneficial because they assure certain roles are fulfilled in society by those who are capable.
B)allow only hard-working and dedicated students to pursue postsecondary education.
C)create structural barriers that limit the participation of people located in lower classes.
D)are not a significant issue in Canada.

Question 14

The institution of education is responsible for the transmission of all of the following except

A)knowledge.
B)skills.
C)values.
D)social introduction.

Question 15

By stressing societal norms and values,and by working to socialize next generations,formal and informal education both to contribute to social

A)interaction.
B)reproduction.
C)production.
D)inequality.

Question 16

_________ are interested in the meanings attached to school practices.

A)Conflict theorists
B)Symbolic interactionists
C)Functionalists
D)Feminists

Question 17

Overt gender streaming remained firmly in place in the Canadian education system until this decade:

A)1930s
B)1950s
C)1970s
D)1980s

Question 18

Rhonda believes that social resources are distributed fairly on the basis of who deserves what,and thus students who do not succeed in formal education deserve to occupy less socially valued positions.Such thinking is an example of

A)meritocracy.
B)functionalism.
C)double indemnity.
D)acquiescence.

Question 19

Massification of postsecondary education attainment refers to

A)a massive increase of higher education participation that occurred between 1970 and 1990.
B)a massive increase of higher education participation that occurred between 1960 and 1970.
C)a massive increase of higher education participation that occurred between 1961 and 2013.
D)a massive increase of higher education participation that occurred between 1940 and 1960.

Question 20

According to ___________,schooling serves the capitalist aims of profit and compliant workers.

A)conflict theorists
B)symbolic interactionists
C)functionalists
D)feminists

Question 21

In Canada today,male undergraduates dominate in

A)mathematics.
B)history and sociology.
C)all of the humanities.
D)philosophy and law.

Question 22

Which term best describes systems of thought that govern how we might think,speak,or act about a particular topic?

A)Ideology
B)Thought collectives
C)Discourse
D)Ideas

Question 23

All of the following are possible negative consequences of McDonaldization in the realm of higher education except

A)increased class sizes.
B)fewer faculty members.
C)increased tuition costs.
D)increased quality and access of education.

Question 24

Women faculty members in Canadian universities are congregated in the ________ ranks.

A)low
B)middle
C)high
D)mid to high

Question 25

When universities are expected to function in ever more efficient ways,with a high degree of predictability and standardization,it is accurate to say that they are becoming

A)more streamlined.
B)accountable.
C)McDonaldized.
D)modernized.

Question 26

Theorists

A)explain education and its processes.
B)develop theories explaining education.
C)postulate about changing conditions in education.
D)investigate the effect of institutions on teaching through theoretical perspectives.

Question 27

The self-fulfilling prophecy refers to

A)"I think,therefore I am."
B)if a person believes something to be real,it will have real consequences.
C)how individuals strive for what they wish to be.
D)how individuals sometimes come to embody what they are labelled.

Question 28

All of the following are examples of racism in the classroom except:

A)White boys have been found to be the most likely recipients of teacher attention.
B)Girls of colour are the least likely to receive attention from their teachers.
C)Research on working-class black girls and their middle-school classroom experiences demonstrates how teachers tend to encourage the girls to conform to a normative model of docile femininity.
D)Anti-racist pedagogy.

Question 29

Possessing an expansive vocabulary,understanding how to approach social situations with elegance and grace,feeling at ease in an expensive restaurant,and wearing designer clothing are all examples of this.

A)Social finesse
B)Cultural capital
C)Material knowledge
D)Discursive power

Question 30

In this year,following a proposal spearheaded by parents and in response to the marginalization of black students in the mainstream school system in Toronto,the Toronto District School Board (TDSB)voted in favour of piloting an Afrocentric alternative school.

A)1968
B)1974
C)1990
D)2008

Question 31

Who was interested in how inequality is reproduced in culture and how aspects of culture contribute to its reproduction?

A)Dorothy Smith
B)Pierre Bourdieu
C)Sandra Acker
D)Karl Marx

Question 32

Which of the following is not an issue facing Canadian higher education institutions as discussed in your text?

A)A lack of research funding
B)Decrease in quality and accountability
C)Problems of academic integrity
D)Decrease in the standardization of policies and practices

Question 33

In American primary schools,who are the least likely recipients of teacher attention?

A)White boys
B)White girls
C)Visible minority boys
D)Visible minority girls

Question 34

When a teacher holds low expectations of a given student or set of students,s/he risks perpetuating the phenomenon known as

A)the functionalist fulfillment.
B)the self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)blaming the victim.
D)"low balling."

Question 35

Your text's discussion of the Pepsi-Coke wars and contemporary issues of higher education exemplifies

A)research funding.
B)quality and accountability.
C)McDonalization.
D)academic integrity.

Question 36

Exploring how teachers' categorization of students affects students' experiences of education as well as their opportunities for achieving success in school best reflects which sociological perspective?

A)Conflict theory
B)Symbolic interactionism
C)Functionalism
D)Feminism

Question 37

An action-oriented educational and political strategy for institutional and systemic change that addresses the issue of racism and the interlocking systems of social oppression is known as

A)intersectional education.
B)multi-dimensional education.
C)an anti-racist approach to education.
D)multicultural education.

Question 38

____________ are concerned with gendered patterns of interaction in school settings.

A)Conflict theorists
B)Symbolic interactionists
C)Functionalists
D)Feminists

Question 39

Racism is considered multi-dimensional and complex because of all of the following reasons except:

A)Racism intersects with gender.
B)Racism intersects with class.
C)Racism intersects with ability.
D)Racism has material consequences solely for the oppressors.

Question 40

This phrase has been used to draw attention to the lack of warmth or encouragement that girls and women often feel in school as a result of sexism.

A)Double jeopardy
B)Chilly climate
C)Hidden curriculum
D)Hegemonic sexism

Question 41

International comparisons matter because

A)countries need to maintain a competitive level of education.
B)it reflects a country's educational prowess and social progress.
C)it allows for trends in education to be tracked.
D)formal and continual training are emphasized in globalized and globalizing societies.

Question 42

Academic credentials are important because

A)they are a sign of an individual's social status.
B)they are considered cultural capital.
C)they are indicative of a person's position in the social hierarchy.
D)they are a way of maintaining the socio-economic equilibrium.

Question 43

Early feminist teachings in education addressed issues of

A)classroom inequalities.
B)gender inequalities.
C)sexism embedded in school textbooks.
D)the fluidity of gender roles in the classroom.

Question 44

Today's textbooks discuss racism as something

A)far removed from everyday life.
B)normalized through attitudes and beliefs.
C)fuelled by power relations.
D)that maintains the dominant society's institutional beliefs.

Question 45

_________ associates knowledge production and power relations in high school history textbooks.

A)Conflict theory
B)Cultural theory
C)Post-structural theory
D)Feminist theory

Question 46

Where would symbolic interactionist theories be applied?

A)Class structures
B)Curriculum
C)Class routine
D)Classroom power dynamics

Question 47

When female academics are passed over for promotion,and/or given less or lower valued work,it is a sign of

A)a lack of academic capital.
B)anti-feminist perspectives.
C)the interplay between hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity.
D)The chilly climate.

Question 48

Social inequality is a predominant feature of

A)functionalist theory.
B)conflict theory.
C)interactionist theory.
D)postmodernist theory.

Question 49

Credentialism in modern society acts to maintain

A)social inequality.
B)technological standards.
C)postsecondary enrolment.
D)workforce participation.

Question 50

The crux of the "student role" refers to

A)conformity.
B)obedience.
C)routinization.
D)learning.

Question 51

Which two theories reflect the notion of social reproduction?

A)Conflict and postmodern
B)Feminist and interactionist
C)Feminist and functionalist
D)Postmodern and functionalist

Question 52

When a female teacher/professor dresses in a business suit,this is an example of the effects of

A)McDonaldization.
B)cultural capital.
C)hegemonic masculinity.
D)emphasized femininity.

Question 53

Who said "like trumps in a game of cards,are powers which define the chances of profit in a given field"?

A)Lareau
B)Morris
C)Gracey
D)Bourdieu

Question 54

What approach is used in education to address issues of oppression and inequality?

A)Conflict
B)Functionalist
C)Anti-racist
D)Feminist

Question 55

Who speaks of the power/knowledge dynamic as a nexus?

A)Bourdieu
B)Lareau
C)Foucault
D)Morris

Question 56

Increased enrolment by women in postsecondary institutions is a result of

A)competitive business markets.
B)the increased desire for cultural capital.
C)the 1960s women's movement.
D)colleges and universities promoting women's enrolment.

Question 57

Education in Aboriginal communities before colonization was a means of ensuring

A)hunting prowess.
B)social dominance.
C)cultural survival.
D)physical health.

Question 58

Saying that "social relationships are fluid" is part of

A)symbolic interactionist theories.
B)postmodern theories.
C)functionalist theories.
D)feminist theories.

Question 59

Wearing designer labels and feeling at ease in sophisticated situations is indicative of

A)cultural affluence.
B)cultural capital.
C)cultural reproduction.
D)cultural status.

Question 60

Accountability of colleges and universities is based on

A)graduation rates,employment rates,and program reputation.
B)program reputation,employment rates,and institutional reputation.
C)graduation rates,employment rates,and loan repayments.
D)campus location,program reputation,and institutional reputation.

Question 61

The belief that everyone who has worked hard and attained their educational credentials should have the same opportunities in the workforce is an example of

A)socialization.
B)meritocracy.
C)credentialization.
D)allocation.

Question 62

You are applying for a new job and your potential employer asks to see your postsecondary "certification" in order to determine your suitability for the position.According to the functionalist perspective,this is an example of

A)socialization.
B)meritocracy.
C)credentialization.
D)allocation.

Question 63

A student walks into a professor's office and says,"I paid my tuition so you need to give me a passing mark in your class." This is an example of

A)a chilly climate.
B)the McDonaldization of postsecondary education.
C)academic misconduct.
D)cedentialization.

Question 64

As you read through your postsecondary institution's course catalogue,you realize that more and more applied courses are being offered that are specifically geared to particular market skills while other less applied course offerings are being cut back.This is an example of universities becoming

A)corporately funded.
B)"McDonaldized."
C)certification factories.
D)commercialized.

Question 65

If you are a middle school student who is told by the teacher to "sit down and be quiet" when you are trying to make a point in class,you are most likely

A)a black female.
B)a black male.
C)a white female.
D)a white male.

Question 66

You are taking an upper level sociology course at a Canadian university and you realize that none of the theorists you are discussing are members of visible minorities.This is an example of

A)the correspondence principle.
B)the chilly climate.
C)a self-fulfilling prophecy.
D)the "culture of whiteness."

Question 67

The fact that postsecondary classes are structured to reward students for conforming to expectations while punishing them for nonconformist behaviour is an example of

A)the hidden curriculum.
B)allocation.
C)meritocracy.
D)the correspondence principle.

Question 68

Heidi is a medical school student in Canada.Which of the following is the most relevant to her attendance at medical school?

A)Her mother is a doctor.
B)She is from a rural community.
C)She finished high school with the highest grades in her class.
D)She scored high on the MCAT.

Question 69

As a student who wishes to engage in academic misconduct,you are most likely to get away with it in which of the following circumstances?

A)Institutions with less government funding
B)Courses with huge class sizes
C)Courses with a lot of group work
D)Institutions where administration and faculty have different priorities

Question 70

A McDonald's manager in the US made headlines in 2013 when she put on a job ad for cashiers that a college degree was required.This is an example of

A)a self-fulfilling prophecy.
B)massification.
C)credential inflation.
D)McDonaldization.

Question 71

Aurora is an engineering student at a large Canadian university.She has some questions regarding one of her courses so she goes to see her professor during office hours.As she waits outside his office,she hears him engaging with a male student with whom he is patient and helpful.However,when it is her turn,he is dismissive and perfunctory,and significantly less cooperative.This is an example of

A)the correspondence principle.
B)the self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)the chilly climate.
D)academic harassment.

Question 72

Your favourite sociology professor is up for review.According to your textbook,what considerations are now the most important for a positive faculty evaluation?

A)Involvement in committee and administrative work
B)Teaching evaluations
C)Peer evaluations
D)Publications and grant money

Question 73

Jennifer is an Aboriginal student who shows up to her advanced physics class on the first day of class and is told by the teacher to "go and see the counsellor." The counsellor tells her that she has been moved to a different class because she is not expected to do well in the advanced class even though she has done very well in all her math and science classes previously.Jennifer accepts the move and consequently does poorly in the class,giving up on her goal of going into the sciences in postsecondary.This is an example of

A)the correspondence principle.
B)the self-fulfilling prophecy.
C)socialization .
D)allocation.

Question 74

The Ontario Ministry of Training,Colleges and Universities requires colleges and universities to report on (and make public)four performance indicators: graduation rates,employment rates (at six months and two years after graduation),and defaults on government student loans.Government funding is then tied to each institution's performance on these indicators.This is an example of

A)a valid way to determine funding for postsecondary institutions.
B)a lack of application of the sociological perspective.
C)the formula for how tuition rates are calculated.
D)the Mcdonaldization of higher education.

Question 75

As a student choosing which Canadian postsecondary institution to attend,according to the textbook,which of the following is not a factor you would rely on to make your decision?

A)Class sizes
B)Campus location and safety
C)Reputation
D)Financial costs