Deck 13: Personal Injury and Discrimination in Civil Law

Question 1

The severity of a traumatic brain injury is normally most associated with _______________.

A) the age of the victim
B) the number of previous head injuries
C)the length of time the person is unconscious
D) the number of complaints previously filed against the defendant

Answer 1

the length of time the person is unconscious

Question 2

Which of the following is true in personal injury claims?

A) They are designed to make the employee whole
B) Employees are able to pursue unlimited compensation
C)Both parties give up their right to pursue a civil action based on the claim
D) Employees cannot present any of the legal defenses they would have in court

Answer 2

Both parties give up their right to pursue a civil action based on the claim

Question 3

This approach to neuropsychological assessment sometimes includes tests that are not directly relevant to the suspected impairment.

A) Fixed battery
B) Flexible battery
C) Objective battery
D) Forced-choice battery

Answer 3

Fixed battery

Question 4

A __________________ disability refers to someone who is unable to work because of a license revocation.

A) legal
B) social
C) factual
D) compensatory

Question 5

Malingering a mental illness can be assessed for in personal injury cases in a variety of ways, except the use of ______________________.

A) the MMPI-2
B) a clinical interview
C) the Glasgow Coma Scale
D) the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms

Question 6

The first task a forensic psychologist should do in conducting a personal injury evaluation, according to Greenberg 2003), is to ____________________.

A) establish a premorbid level of functioning
B) identify the extent and severity of any impairment
C) determine the psychological cause of the impairments
D) describe the psychological intervention that may reduce the psychological impairment

Question 7

Which of the following is accurate in regarding to malingering neuropsychological disorders?

A) It is difficult to feign impairment on memory tests.
B) It is especially easy to malinger on intelligence tests.
C) There are not any specific tests to assess malingering.
D) Falling below chance performance is one potential indication of malingering.

Question 8

PTSD symptoms ________________.

A) must occur for at least a month
B) need not have a clear, identifiable cause
C) include hallucinations and paranoid delusions
D) rarely occur in personal injury cases because of the level of proof required by the law

Question 9

________________________ requires that one person shows harm in a discrimination claim.

A) Discriminatory effects
B) Hostile work harassment
C) Quid pro quo harassment
D) Discriminatory treatment

Question 10

________________ attorneys admit to providing their clients with information about the psychological tests they will take and the way in which they should respond.

A) Very few, if any
B) Almost 100% of
C) Approximately half of
D) About three quarters of

Question 11

________________ damages are awarded in order restore the plaintiff to a previous condition.

A) Future
B) Punitive
C) Incidental
D) Compensatory

Question 12

______________________ is not a significant factor that may contribute to the development of PTSD.

A) Fear of dying
B) Loss of social support
C) History of flashbacks
D) History of mental illness

Question 13

Which of the following is not an area of forensic practice grounded in the civil law?

A) Worker's compensation
B) Personal injury lawsuits
C) Competency to stand trial
D) Employment discrimination

Question 14

One limitation of diagnosing PTSD is that _________________.

A) there are no neurobiological markers
B) there is no standard measure for assessing PTSD
C) physiological evidence supporting the diagnosis is lacking
D) there is no way to definitely identify a specific legal claim as the source

Question 15

Which of the following is not an element of a tort?

A) Occurrence of an injury or damage
B) Presence of a legal duty or obligation
C) Intentional violation of a legal duty or obligation
D) The damage is the proximate cause of a violation of a duty

Question 16

Which of the following is not true of individuals who seek compensation through personal injury claims?

A) Receiving financial compensation is not related to an increase in pain
B) They report more complaints than those who do not seek compensation
C) Individuals with less severe injuries who receive compensation perform more poorly in treatment
D) The majority report the injury associated with their claim as the cause of their symptoms

Question 17

Courts have compensated each of the following areas of injuries except _____________.

A) psychological injuries
B) preexisting physical conditions
C) existing psychological injuries that worsened
D) physical injuries that led to psychological injuries

Question 18

______________ is a branch of law concerned with wrongs against individuals.

A) Torts
B) Parens patriae
C) Punitive damages
D) Psychological injuries

Question 19

The text indicates that forensic psychologists should assess for all of the following in any evaluation of chronic pain except __________________.

A) motivation
B) cognitive factors
C) psychological factors
D) severity of previous injuries

Question 20

The most frequently diagnosed injury in personal injury cases is _________________.

A) Depression
B) Social phobias
C) Generalized anxiety disorder
D) Posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 21

The severity of traumatic brain injury is usually assessed by all of the following, except ___________________.

A) penetrating damage to the skull
B) the severity of the blow to the head
C) the length of time the person is unconscious
D) the extensiveness of associated amnesia

Question 22

In the _____________, the examiner is selective about the specific tasks he asks of the examinee and usually selects tests that only assess only those areas for which the symptoms suggest possible impairment.

A) fixed battery approach
B) specific testing approach
C) flexible process approach
D) cluster assessment approach

Question 23

What are the typical injuries involved in personal injury claims? How do forensic psychologists assess for them?

Question 24

What role do forensic psychologists play in sexual harassment and employment discrimination cases?

Question 25

_____________ is the term for the primary, immediate, or substantial cause of the damage.

A) Formal cause
B) Strict intention
C) Proximate cause
D) Punitive damage

Question 26

What is the general forensic practice in personal injury cases?

Question 27

How do malingering and exaggeration differ? How do they relate to personal injury cases?

Question 28

What are the elements of a tort?

Question 29

___________ occurs when an individual fails to act in a reasonable manner to avoid the violation of a duty.

A) Tort
B) Negligence
C) Intentional torts
D) Punitive damage

Question 30

Which of the following is not one of the most prominent personal injury claimants that forensic psychologists evaluate?

A) Chronic Pain
B) Major Depressive Disorder
C) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
D) Neuropscyhological Damage

Question 31

Which of the following statements about malingering in personal injury cases is true?

A) It is clear that malingering is a greater concern in personal injury cases than other forensic situations.
B) Receiving financial compensation is related to reports of increased pain.
C) Attorneys frequently ~75%) coach their clients to "beat" psychological and neuropsychological tests.
D) Psychological experts may influence clients' exaggeration of symptoms.

Question 32

_________________ is the only mental illness that requires a specific triggering event for the disorder to be diagnosed.

A) Schizophremia
B) General Anxiety Disorder
C) Major Depressive Disorder
D) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Question 33

Which of the following statements about Cramer's 1995) study on malingering scales is accurate?

A) Cramer's results were not replicated, so it is unclear if they hold any weight.
B) Cramer found that depression and paranoid schizophrenia, in particular, were difficult to malinger.
C) Cramer could tell the informed fakers and the uninformed fakers apart from
individuals actually suffering from the disorders.
D) Cramer could not tell the informed fakers and the uninformed fakers apart form individuals actually suffering from the disorders.

Question 34

Actions that constitute assault and battery are common ________________.

A) torts
B) intentional torts
C) examples of negligence
D) examples of punitive damage

Question 35

The three types of disabilities do not include ___________.

A) legal disabilities
B) social disabilities
C) factual disabilities
D) physical disabilities