Deck 7: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems

Question 1

The domain expert is the person with the expertise the expert system is trying to capture.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Assistive technology systems help people overcome disabilities and perform various tasks.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Robotics involves developing mechanical or computer devices that can paint cars, make precision welds, and perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for humans.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

While gathering requirements for a system that assists tech support people, you create a list of conditions and the recommended responses. This list of conditions and responses can form the basis of a knowledge-base for a robotics system.

Question 5

Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are not as good at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.

Question 6

Expert systems use heuristics to arrive at conclusions or make recommendations.

Question 7

A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.

Question 8

Vision systems include hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and process visual images.

Question 9

Expert system shells lessen the burden of programming, allowing nonprogrammers to develop and benefit from the use of expert systems.

Question 10

Artificial intelligence involves the development of machines and computer systems that can simulate human intelligence processes.

Question 11

Learning systems allow a computer to change how it reacts to situations based on the feedback it receives.

Question 12

To avoid potential bottlenecks and delays in accurately applying and implementing changes in business rules, many organizations use business rule management software.

Question 13

When audio files are played while they are being downloaded from the Internet, it is called streaming audio.

Question 14

An expert system, using the explanation facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching a conclusion.

Question 15

A user interface makes an expert system easier to develop and use.

Question 16

The overall purpose of an inference engine is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.

Question 17

A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objects.

Question 18

An expert system can use a case-based solution process to develop the solution to a problem by finding cases stored in the knowledge base that are similar to the problem at hand and then modifying the solution to the cases to fit the current problem.

Question 19

A group of people with common interests who come together to create, store, and share knowledge of a specific topic is known as a community of practice.

Question 20

If Stan and Marcus, a new trainee at the manufacturing plant, are working together to resolve an issue on the line, they would be using joint problem solving as a means of transferring Stan's tacit knowledge to Marcus.

Question 21

The first step in implementing a knowledge management project is to identify the most valuable pieces of tacit knowledge to capture.

Question 22

Virtual reality simulations require special interface devices that transmit the sights, sounds, and sensations of the simulated world to the user.

Question 23

_____ knowledge is hard to measure and document and typically is not objective or formalized.

A)Tacit
B)Shared
C) Technical
D) Explicit

Question 24

When video files are played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called _____.

A)video compression
B)virtual reality
C) streaming video
D) file conversion

Question 25

_____ is a mathematical theory for developing strategies that maximize gains and minimize losses while adhering to a given set of rules and constraints.

A)Parrondo's paradox
B)Bioinformatics
C) Game theory
D) Chainstore paradox

Question 26

You work for a manufacturing business. Your employer uses a model for selecting the supplier for the raw materials. They wish to become more responsive so that changes in the internal decision model can be quickly implemented in the systems. What is an appropriate recommendation?

A)​Install a more advanced email system.
B)​Install a social network interface to the customer relationship management system.
C) ​Install better teleconferencing systems for anytime, anywhere teleconferencing with the suppliers.
D) Install a Business Rules management system and interface it to the Supply chain management system.

Question 27

_____ do not need any previous training in computers or expert systems.

A)Domain experts
B)Knowledge users
C) Knowledge engineers
D) Intelligent agents

Question 28

Best Value Hardware Stores, a national chain, has established strict policies about the conditions under which a customer can return merchandise. These policies are an example of: __________.

A)​customer service
B)​an operational system
C) ​a business rule
D) ​a business rule management system

Question 29

The haptic interface relays the sense of _____ in the virtual world.

A)sight
B)sound
C) touch
D) smell

Question 30

Namaste Yoga Studio's website is a great example of multimedia because it uses text, photos, graphics, and video to communicate the message of the studio's owners.

Question 31

Bioinformatics has been used to help map the human genome and conduct research on biological organisms.

Question 32

Suppose you have an accounting background and you are considered an expert in the field of discovering errors in electronic spreadsheets. You are considered a knowledge engineer if you are part of a team that is developing an expert system to discover errors in spreadsheets. .

Question 33

A neural network relies on massively parallel processing to enable a computer to simulate the function of a human brain.

Question 34

Executives at Southwestern Construction have noticed that the company's construction team in the Phoenix office is more efficient with its resources than the other teams in the Las Vegas, Salt Lake, and Santa Fe offices. They decide to construct a knowledge management system that will allow the Phoenix team's methods to be shared with the other three offices. Which general benefit are they hoping to gain from this new system?

A)​fostering innovation through a free flow of ideas
B)​leveraging the expertise of people across the organization
C) ​capturing the expertise of key individuals
D) ​all of these answers

Question 35

Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.

Question 36

In some cases, metadata-the data that describes other data-is more important than the data itself.

Question 37

Kelly has just been hired as a server at a seafood restaurant. Since this is her first job as a server, her manager has instructed her to follow Mark, an experienced server, for an entire shift to learn how to do the job. Kelly is: _______.

A)​observing
B)shadowing
C) ​copying
D) ​mimicing

Question 38

Sophisticated computer systems require an extension of understanding visual images. This is called a _____ system.

A)robotic
B)perceptive
C) learning
D) virtual reality

Question 39

_____ is a wide range of adaptive and rehabilitative devices to help people with disabilities perform tasks that they were formerly unable to accomplish or had great difficulty accomplishing.

A)Assistive technology
B)Virtual reality
C) Forensics software
D) Bioinformatics

Question 40

Many organizations actively attempt to convert explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge.

Question 41

Knowing the best way to negotiate with a foreign government about a volatile hostage situation is an example of _____ knowledge.

A)implied
B)tacit
C) explicit
D) definitive

Question 42

_____ is the combination of information technology with traditional disciplines such as medicine or science while considering the impact on individuals, organizations, and society.

A)Informatics
B)Heuristics
C) Assistive technology
D) Informetrics

Question 43

_____ has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos so that GPS maps can be combined with real pictures of stores and streets to help people locate their position.

A)Immersive virtual reality
B)Telepresence
C) Augmented reality
D) Location reality

Question 44

You joined an agriculture business as an Assistant Marketing Manager and you are full of ideas on how to improve sales. When you voiced your thoughts to your boss, she mentions "do not reinvent the wheel". It means _______.

A)​do not bring new ideas, since this is an old company
B)before starting any new project, try to build on expertise and knowledge of others in the organization
C) the wheels of innovation have already been created in the organization
D) currently there is not adequate budget to explore new ideas

Question 45

An international package shipping company like FedEx needs to be able to track the location of every package at every stage in the process, from pick-up to delivery. Which specific type of software would be useful in this situation?

A)​business rule management
B)​enterprise search
C) ​knowledge management
D) ​none of these answers

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that have caused many organizations to establish knowledge management programs?

A)​expansion of the services sector
B)​economic fluctuations
C) ​emergence of new information technologies
D) ​globalization

Question 47

_____ involves a computer understanding, analyzing, manipulating, and/or generating linguistic communication.

Question 48

_____ include the people, procedures, hardware, software, data, and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and machines that can simulate human intelligence processes including learning, reasoning, and self-correction.

A)Assistive technology systems
B)Intelligence agents
C) Artificial intelligence systems
D) Virtual reality systems

Question 49

A genetic algorithm is an approach to solving problems based on the _____.

A)theory of evolution
B)theory of relativity
C) Compton Effect
D) Complementarity Principle

Question 50

An expert system's knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between _____.

A)the end users and the inference engine
B)the experts and the knowledge base
C) the inference engine and the knowledge base
D) the inference engine and the explanation facility

Question 51

A _____ is a group of people with common interests who come together to create, store, and share knowledge of a specific topic.

A)community of practice (COP)
B)social network
C) professional learning community (PLC)
D) personal network

Question 52

In an expert system, the _____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.

A)inference engine
B)knowledge acquisition facility
C) user interface
D) explanation facility

Question 53

Executives at Southwestern Construction have noticed that the company's construction team in the Phoenix office is more efficient with its resources than the other teams in the Las Vegas, Salt Lake, and Santa Fe offices. They decide to construct a knowledge management system that will allow the Phoenix team's methods to be shared with the other three offices. As a means of convincing the other teams to adopt the new methods, they develop an incentive program that allows team members to earn a percentage of the money they save on each project. This is related to which phase of knowledge management project implementation?

A)​connecting the KM to goals and objectives
B)​starting with a small pilot and enthusiastic participants
C) ​identifying valuable tacit knowledge
D) ​getting employees to buy in

Question 54

The _____ stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that an expert system uses.

A)inference engine
B)knowledge base
C) user interface
D) data warehouse

Question 55

_____ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.

Question 56

The _____ allows an expert system user to understand how the system arrived at its results.

A)inference engine
B)knowledge base
C) explanation facility
D) knowledge acquisition facility

Question 57

_____ is a popular and sophisticated software package that can be used to edit photographs and other visual images.

A)PowerPoint
B)Microsoft Silverlight
C) Adobe Photoshop
D) Autodesk

Question 58

_____ is a system involving sequential decisions with learning taking place between each decision.

Question 59

_____ can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.

A)Voice recognition systems
B)Natural language processing systems
C) Learning systems
D) Neural networks

Question 60

A _____ is a conditional statement that links conditions to actions or outcomes.

A)simulation
B)case
C) rule
D) genetic algorithm

Question 61

A judge evaluating evidence against a criminal based on his prior experiences is an example of exhibiting _____ knowledge.

Question 62

A(n) _____ consists of programs and a knowledge base used to perform a specific task for a person, a process, or another program.

Question 63

A(n) _____ is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to create, store, share, and use the organization's knowledge and experience.

Question 64

_____ is text, graphics, video, animation, audio, and other media that can be used to help an organization efficiently and effectively achieve its goals

Question 65

The main purpose of the _____ is to provide a convenient and efficient means of capturing and storing all components of the knowledge base.

Question 66

_____ statements are rules that suggest certain conclusions based on certain conditions.

Question 67

Knowing that the Hennessey Venom GT, with a top speed of 270 mph, is the fastest car in the world, is an example of having _____ knowledge.

Question 68

_____ are rules of thumb arising from experience.

Question 69

One of your colleagues has temporarily lost the ability to use his hands and fingers due to a rare medical condition. He would like to continue to interact with the computers at work. A solution based on ___________ would help him.

Question 70

_____ are mechanical or computing devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or that are tedious or hazardous for humans.

Question 71

The _____ attempts to determine whether a computer can successfully impersonate a human.

Question 72

The purpose of a(n) _____ is to seek information and relationships from the knowledge base and to provide answers, predictions, and suggestions similar to the way a human expert would.

Question 73

If an organization wants to document and measure flows of information among various sources, such as individuals, workgroups, organizations, and web sites, it should engage in _____.

Question 74

A(n) _____ is an approach to solving large, complex problems in which many repeated operations or models change and evolve until the best one emerges.

Question 75

_____ include hardware and software that permit computers to capture, store, and process visual images.

Question 76

A(n) _____ is a system that enables one or more users to move and react in a computer-simulated environment.

Question 77

_____ is a process where a computer makes a decision, analyzes the results, and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.

Question 78

If a multimedia file is very large, it might be necessary to _____ it so that it can be downloaded or emailed.

Question 79

A _____ is a computer system that can act like or simulate the functioning of a human brain.

Question 80

You have been contacted to suggest a solution for creating a digital mockup of a machine to be used at a factory. The users would like to be able to view and interact with the layout of the controls of the machine, even before the actual machine is built. A(n) _______________ system will be an appropriate choice for this kind of problem.