Question 1

&#8203;What is formed when two or more different elements combine by sharing electrons?&#10;A) &#8203;proton&#10;B) &#8203;chemical&#10;C) &#8203;ion&#10;D) &#8203;compound

Accepted Answer

A compound is formed when two or more different elements combine by sharing electrons, resulting in a new substance with its own unique properties.

Question 2

&#8203;What kind of bond is formed when one atom gains an electron and another atom loses an electron?&#10;A) &#8203;ionic&#10;B) &#8203;covalent&#10;C) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;D) &#8203;molecular

Accepted Answer

When one atom gains an electron and another atom loses an electron, ionic bond is formed. In an ionic bond, one atom gains electrons to become negatively charged (an anion), and another atom loses electrons to become positively charged (a cation). These oppositely charged ions are then attracted to each other and form an ionic compound.

Question 3

&#8203;What is formed when an atom loses or gains an electron?&#10;A) &#8203;proton&#10;B) &#8203;chemical&#10;C) &#8203;ion&#10;D) &#8203;compound

Accepted Answer

When an atom loses or gains an electron, it becomes positively or negatively charged and forms an ion.

Question 4

&#8203;The compact central nucleus of an atom contains ____ and ____.&#10;A) &#8203;electrons; protons&#10;B) &#8203;electrons; neutrons&#10;C) &#8203;protons; neutrons&#10;D) &#8203;electrons; isotopes

Accepted Answer

The compact central nucleus of an atom contains only positively charged protons and neutral neutrons. Electrons move around the nucleus in orbitals located in the electron cloud. Isotopes are variations of an atom with different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 5

&#8203;Atoms that gain ____ become negatively charged.&#10;A) &#8203;protons&#10;B) &#8203;neutrons&#10;C) &#8203;electrons&#10;D) &#8203;isotopes

Accepted Answer

Electrons have a negative charge, so when an atom gains electrons it becomes negatively charged. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus and have no effect on the charge of an atom when gained. Isotopes refer to atoms with different numbers of neutrons and do not have any direct relation to charge.

Question 6

&#8203;Elements or molecules contributing electrons during a reaction are called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;covalent&#10;B) &#8203;electron donors&#10;C) &#8203;electron acceptors&#10;D) &#8203;electron carriers

Accepted Answer

Covalent refers to the type of bond formed between atoms, while electron donors are the specific entities that contribute electrons during a reaction. Electron acceptors are the recipients of these electrons, and electron carriers are molecules that transport electrons.

Question 7

&#8203;What is the universal solvent?&#10;A) &#8203;carbon&#10;B) &#8203;urea&#10;C) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;D) &#8203;water

Accepted Answer

Water is considered the universal solvent because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid. This is due to its polar nature and ability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules, allowing it to break apart various compounds and distribute their ions or molecules evenly throughout the solution.

Question 8

&#8203;Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of isotopes.

Question 9

The two purine nitrogen bases are adenine and guanine.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

Adenine and guanine are both purine nitrogen bases found in DNA and RNA.

Question 10

&#8203;Molecules containing which type of bond do not dissociate in water?&#10;A) &#8203;ionic&#10;B) &#8203;covalent&#10;C) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;D) &#8203;isotopic

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms, which results in a stable molecule that does not dissociate in water. Ionic bonds involve transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in positively and negatively charged ions that dissociate in water. Hydrogen bonds are weak interactions between molecules and do not form a bond between atoms within a molecule. Isotopic bonds do not exist.

Question 11

&#8203;An element is a substance whose atoms all contain the same number of neutrons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;An element is a substance whose atoms...

Question 12

Temperature has no effect on diffusion rate.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Temperature has no effect on diffusion rate.&#8203;...

Question 13

&#8203;In an atom, ____ orbit the nucleus.&#10;A) &#8203;protons&#10;B) &#8203;electrons&#10;C) &#8203;neutrons&#10;D) &#8203;isotopes

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;In an atom, ____ orbit the nucleus.&#10;A)...

Question 14

&#8203;The smallest carbohydrates are simple ____.&#10;A) &#8203;proteins&#10;B) &#8203;lipids&#10;C) &#8203;amino acids&#10;D) &#8203;sugars

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The smallest carbohydrates are simple ____.&#10;A) &#8203;proteins&#10;B)...

Question 15

Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged.&#8203;...

Question 16

&#8203;What kind of bond is formed when two atoms share electrons?&#10;A) &#8203;ionic&#10;B) &#8203;covalent&#10;C) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;D) &#8203;isotopic

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;What kind of bond is formed when...

Question 17

&#8203;What element is found in all living matter?&#10;A) &#8203;nitrogen&#10;B) &#8203;carbon&#10;C) &#8203;lithium&#10;D) &#8203;oxygen

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;What element is found in all living...

Question 18

&#8203;Which process occurs when water is used to break down larger molecules?&#10;A) &#8203;photosynthesis&#10;B) &#8203;combination reaction&#10;C) &#8203;synthesis&#10;D) &#8203;hydrolysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Which process occurs when water is used...

Question 19

&#8203;The liver converts toxic ammonia to a harmless substance called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;urea&#10;B) &#8203;carbohydrate&#10;C) &#8203;sodium&#10;D) &#8203;mineral salt

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The liver converts toxic ammonia to a...

Question 20

What are the smallest particles of an element?&#8203;&#10;A) &#8203;atoms&#10;B) &#8203;molecules&#10;C) &#8203;compounds&#10;D) &#8203;cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the smallest particles of an...

Question 21

&#8203;What kind of bonds do the mineral salts form?&#10;A) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;B) &#8203;ionic&#10;C) &#8203;covalent&#10;D) &#8203;isotopic

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;What kind of bonds do the mineral...

Question 22

&#8203;Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all examples of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;carbohydrates&#10;B) &#8203;lipids&#10;C) &#8203;proteins&#10;D) &#8203;nucleotides

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all examples...

Question 23

&#8203;The covalent bonds that are formed between different amino acids to form a protein are known as ____.&#10;A) &#8203;peptide bonds&#10;B) &#8203;ionic bonds&#10;C) &#8203;hydrogen bonds&#10;D) &#8203;electrolyte bonds

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The covalent bonds that are formed between...

Question 24

With regard to pH levels, ____________________ maintain homeostasis within cells.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of With regard to pH levels, ____________________ maintain...

Question 25

The most abundant substance in living cells is ____________________.&#8203;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most abundant substance in living cells...

Question 26

&#8203;When the solute concentration outside a red blood cell equals the solute concentration inside the cell, the solution is called ____.&#10;A) hypotonic&#10;B) &#8203;osmotic&#10;C) &#8203;hypertonic&#10;D) &#8203;isotonic

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;When the solute concentration outside a red...

Question 27

&#8203;A solution with a pH of 3 is called a(n) ____.&#10;A) &#8203;acid&#10;B) &#8203;base&#10;C) &#8203;ion&#10;D) &#8203;solute

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;A solution with a pH of 3...

Question 28

&#8203;A red blood cell that is placed in a hypotonic solution will ____.&#10;A) &#8203;shrink&#10;B) &#8203;not change&#10;C) &#8203;swell&#10;D) &#8203;crenulate

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;A red blood cell that is placed...

Question 29

&#8203;Protein catalysts in the body that increase the rate of chemical reactions are called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;amino acids&#10;B) &#8203;enzymes&#10;C) &#8203;atoms&#10;D) &#8203;nucleotides

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Protein catalysts in the body that increase...

Question 30

&#8203;Tomato juice has a pH of 4; therefore, it is considered a(n) ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Tomato juice has a pH of 4;...

Question 31

&#8203;Fats, phospholipids, and steroids are all examples of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Fats, phospholipids, and steroids are all examples...

Question 32

The science that deals with the elements, their compounds, and the chemical reactions that occur between elements and compounds is known as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The science that deals with the elements,...

Question 33

&#8203;The ____ structure of proteins is determined by the hydrogen bonds between amino acids that cause the protein to coil into helices or pleated sheets.&#10;A) &#8203;secondary&#10;B) &#8203;tertiary&#10;C) &#8203;primary&#10;D) &#8203;quaternary

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The ____ structure of proteins is determined...

Question 34

&#8203;Which type of chemical bond holds water molecules together by forming a bridge between the negative oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive hydrogen atoms of another water molecule?&#10;A) &#8203;isotopic&#10;B) &#8203;hydrogen&#10;C) &#8203;ionic&#10;D) &#8203;covalent

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Which type of chemical bond holds water...

Question 35

&#8203;Distilled water has a pH of 7 and is therefore ____.&#10;A) &#8203;acidic&#10;B) &#8203;basic&#10;C) &#8203;neutral&#10;D) &#8203;ionic

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Distilled water has a pH of 7...

Question 36

&#8203;A(n) ____ molecule is a double-stranded helical chain made up of nucleotides.&#10;A) &#8203;ATP&#10;B) &#8203;RNA&#10;C) &#8203;DNA&#10;D) &#8203;lipid

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;A(n) ____ molecule is a double-stranded helical...

Question 37

&#8203;he type of transport that requires energy input is called ____.&#10;A) &#8203;passive transport&#10;B) &#8203;diffusion&#10;C) &#8203;osmosis&#10;D) &#8203;active transport

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;he type of transport that requires energy...

Question 38

&#8203;Which nucleotide is found in RNA but not in DNA?&#10;A) &#8203;guanine&#10;B) &#8203;adenine&#10;C) &#8203;thymine&#10;D) &#8203;uracil

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;Which nucleotide is found in RNA but...

Question 39

&#8203;DNA and RNA are examples of ____.&#10;A) &#8203;proteins&#10;B) &#8203;lipids&#10;C) &#8203;nucleic acids&#10;D) &#8203;carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;DNA and RNA are examples of ____.&#10;A)...

Question 40

&#8203;The basic building blocks of proteins are ____.&#10;A) &#8203;triglycerides&#10;B) &#8203;monosaccharides&#10;C) &#8203;amino acids&#10;D) &#8203;nucleotides

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#8203;The basic building blocks of proteins are...

Question 41

Matching&#10;Match the description with the corresponding term.&#8203;&#10;a.&#8203;acid&#10;b.&#8203;base&#10;c.&#8203;ATP&#10;d.&#8203;diffusion&#10;e.&#8203;osmosis&#10;f.&#8203;active transport&#10;g.&#8203;DNA&#10;h.&#8203;electron&#10;i.&#8203;proton&#10;j.ammonia&#10;&#8203;movement of solute to area of lower concentration

Accepted Answer