Deck 1: Matter - Its Properties and Measurement

Question 1

A homogenous mixture has regions that are different in composition or phase.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A model that explains and makes predictions about natural phenomena is referred to as a:

A) natural law
B) hypothesis
C) theory
D) generalization
E) deduction

Answer 2

theory

Question 3

A physical property is:

A) the ability of a sample to undergo change
B) a substance comprised of a single type of atom
C) a property the sample displays without changing its composition
D) always visible
E) a property the sample displays that results in a change in composition

Answer 3

a property the sample displays without changing its composition

Question 4

On a very cold day in Alaska, the temperature was -40°F. The temperature in Celsius on the same day was also -40°.

Question 5

An intensive property is dependent of the amount of matter observed.

Question 6

Which of the following is a chemical property of gold?

A) does not react with hydrochloric acid
B) is a good conductor of electricity
C) is malleable
D) is a good conductor of heat

Question 7

Several values close together guarantee good accuracy.

Question 8

A physical property is the ability of a sample of matter to undergo a change in composition under certain conditions.

Question 9

A theory is a model used to explain natural laws and make predictions about natural phenomena.

Question 10

Which statement is INCORRECT?

A) Natural laws are concise statements about natural phenomena.
B) Induction is to infer a set of naturals laws from a set of observations.
C) The key to the scientific method is valid assumptions.
D) A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a natural law.
E) A pattern of thinking is known as a paradigm.

Question 11

Which of the following is a physical property?

A) the density of lead
B) sulfur burns in oxygen to form sulfur trioxide
C) ozone reacts with silver to give silver oxide
D) platinum metal does not react with hydrochloric acid

Question 12

A chemical change always involves a change in: I) appearance
II) state
III) composition
IV) temperature

A) I and II
B) I, II, IV
C) III only
D) II and IV
E) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is a physical change?

A) the freezing of water to form ice
B) the burning of paper
C) the mixing of salt and water
D) the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid
E) the inability of gold to react with water

Question 14

The scientific method is used to make theories that can no longer be changed.

Question 15

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

A) A natural law is a generalization of natural phenomena.
B) A hypothesis is a conclusion that must follow logically from observations of nature.
C) A theory is a model of nature that can be used to describe natural phenomena.
D) An experiment is a test of conclusions about natural law.
E) The scientific method is the combination of observations, experimentation, and the formulation of laws, hypothesis, and theories.

Question 16

The scientific method involves:
I. observations
II. generalizations
III. experiments
IV. deduction
V. induction

A) I, III, IV
B) I, II, III
C) I, II, III, IV
D) I, II, III, V
E) I, III, V

Question 17

Systematic errors are consequence of inherent errors in measuring devices.

Question 18

The SI unit of mass is 1 gram.

Question 19

The result of addition can have more significant figures than any of the numbers added.

Question 20

The composition refers to the components of a sample of matter and their relative proportions.

Question 21

Which one of the following would be classified as a heterogeneous mixture?

A) salt water
B) copper nitrate solution
C) brass
D) mix of table salt and black pepper
E) a sugar solution

Question 22

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

A) Matter is made of tiny units called atoms.
B) An element is a substance made of one type of atom.
C) A compound contains regions that are unlike other regions of the compound.
D) Homogeneous mixtures are solutions.
E) Elements and compounds are substances.

Question 23

Which of the following represents a base unit in the SI system of measurements?

A) m2
B) kg
C) g/cm3
D) m/s
E) liter

Question 24

Water is:

A) a mixture
B) a compound
C) an element
D) a molecule
E) an atom

Question 25

From ammonia gas, one can obtain two different gases, each of which is a pure substance. Using only this information, it can be said with certainty that:

A) one of the products is an element
B) neither of the products can be an element
C) ammonia cannot be an element
D) both products are elements
E) gases do not produce solids

Question 26

The SI unit for mass is:

A) kilogram
B) gram
C) pound
D) ounce
E) newton

Question 27

If gasoline costs 98.5 cents per liter in Canada, what is the price in dollars per gallon?

A) $3.73
B) $3.94
C) $1.04
D) $4.16

Question 28

The prefix "milli" and the prefix "micro" correspond, respectively, to the factors:

A) 10-3 and 10-6
B) 10-6 and 10-9
C) 10-3 and 10-12
D) 10-1 and 10-6
E) 103 and 106

Question 29

The term substance should be used for

A) chemical elements
B) compounds
C) both chemical elements and compounds
D) chemical elements, compounds, and mixtures
E) any mixture.

Question 30

One inch is equal to:

A) 2.54 cm
B) 2.54 m
C) 1/(2.54) cm
D) 1.09 m
E) 100 cm

Question 31

Oxygen is:

A) a mixture
B) a compound
C) an element
D) a solution
E) always combined with hydrogen

Question 32

Sulfuric acid is:

A) a homogeneous mixture
B) a compound
C) an element
D) a heterogeneous mixture
E) an atom

Question 33

The quantity of matter in an object is the object's ________ and is measured on a ________.

A) weight, scale
B) mass, scale
C) weight, balance
D) mass, balance
E) Any of the above since the terms are interchangeable.

Question 34

Saltwater is:

A) a mixture
B) only one compound
C) an element
D) a molecule
E) an atom

Question 35

Which of the following is a chemical change?

A) the freezing of water to form ice
B) hammering zinc into a thin film
C) the inability of gold to react with water
D) the boiling of water to form steam
E) the reaction of chlorine gas and sodium to form salt

Question 36

Which of the following is a compound?

A) water
B) oxygen
C) heat
D) salad dressing
E) nitrogen

Question 37

Which of the following are forms of matter?
I. hydrogen gas
II. sunlight
III. ice
IV. wind
V. iron

A) III and V
B) I, III and V
C) I and V
D) II and IV
E) all of the above

Question 38

Which of the following is longest?

A) 3.0 nm
B) 300 pm
C) 3.0 × 10-4 m
D) 3.0 × 10-10 cm
E) 3.00 × 10-9 km

Question 39

Sulfur dioxide gas is:

A) a homogeneous mixture
B) a compound
C) an element
D) a heterogeneous mixture
E) a solid at room temperature

Question 40

The content of a container filled with sand and water would best be described as:

A) elements
B) a homogeneous mixture
C) a heterogeneous mixture
D) a compound
E) a solution

Question 41

Which of the following defines or expresses the concept of accuracy?

A) the closest value to the expected answer
B) deviation of the average
C) average of the data
D) reproducibility of a measurement
E) difference between the accepted answer and the average value of the data

Question 42

One centimeter is equal to how many meters?

A) 100 m
B) 1000 m
C) 10 m
D) 0.10 m
E) 0.01 m

Question 43

At what temperature will the numerical values of the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales be the same?

A) 0°
B) -40°
C) 40°
D) -273°
E) 80°

Question 44

If the density of aviation fuel is 1.77 lb/L, how many liters must be added to a tank to give 16,131 kg?

A) 2.01 x 104 L
B) 9.11 x 103 L
C) 1.30 x 103 L
D) 1.61 x 104 L
E) 1.30 x 104 L

Question 45

It takes light one second to travel 2.998 × 108 m. How many kilometers does light travel in a day?

A) 1.086 × 109 km
B) 2.590 × 1010 km
C) 7.195 × 109 km
D) 4.317 × 108 km
E) 1.086 × 108 km

Question 46

The following measurements were made by a group of students using the same balance and a 25.00 gram weight.
The data would be considered:
I.accurate and precise
II. accurate but not precise
III. precise but not accurate
IV. neither precise nor accurate
V. evidence of a systematic error
VI. evidence of large random errors

A) I only
B) II and VI
C) III and V
D) IV and VI
E) IV, V, VI

Question 47

In Europe, the volume of soda is given in cL. How many mL are contained in a can of soda labeled "75 cL"?

A) 750 mL
B) 75 mL
C) 7.5 mL
D) 7500 mL
E) 0.75 mL

Question 48

A track star ran exactly 400 meters in 45.23 seconds. What was the average speed in miles per hour?

A) 19.8 miles/h
B) 19.78 miles/h
C) 8.844 miles/h
D) 0.3297 miles/h
E) 8.84 miles/h

Question 49

One centimeter is equal to:

A) 1.09 yards
B) 0.30 ft
C) 2.54 inches
D) 0.0109 yards
E) 0.109 yards

Question 50

Which of the following is the proper set of conversion factors for changing lb/in2 to pascals? (Hint: A pascal is a unit of force equal to 1 N/m2.)

A) (1 lb/4.45 N)(1 m2/1550 in2)
B) (4.45 N/1 lb)(1 m2/1550 in2)
C) (1 lb/4.45 N)(1550 in2/1 m2)
D) (4.45 N/1 lb)(1550 in2/1 m2)
E) (1 lb/4.45 N)

Question 51

1.00 oz of gold (density = 19.3 g/mL) can be hammered into a sheet that would cover a 1.00 x 102 ft2 area. How thick would such a sheet be in centimeters?

A) 1.58 × 10-5 cm
B) 4.82 × 10-4 cm
C) 4.02 × 10-5 cm
D) 6.33 × 104 cm
E) 2.11 × 10-5 cm

Question 52

What is 21.1 miles/hour in furlongs/fortnight? (8 furlongs = 1 mile; 14 days = 1 fortnight)

A) 0.502 furlongs/fortnight
B) 8.862 × 103 furlongs/fortnight
C) 5.67 × 104 furlongs/fortnight
D) 8.86 × 103 furlongs/fortnight
E) 5.672 × 104 furlongs/fortnight

Question 53

Convert 82°F to the Kelvin scale.

A) 452 K
B) 245 K
C) 195 K
D) 301 K
E) 373 K

Question 54

Convert 1400 mm to inches.

A) 5500 in
B) 550 in
C) 36 in
D) 360 in
E) 55 in

Question 55

A sprinter runs exactly 200 meters in 19.98 seconds. What is his/her average speed in miles per hour?

A) 22.39 miles/h
B) 22.4 miles/h
C) 10.01 miles/h
D) 0.373 miles/h
E) 10.0 miles/h

Question 56

How many significant figures should the answer to the following calculation have? (1.4312 - 1.1 x 10-2) ÷ (1.0712 x 10-4)

A) 4
B) 5
C) 2
D) 3

Question 57

The definition of pH is pH = -log[H3O+], where [H3O+] is the hydrogen ion concentration. If [H3O+] = 1.2 x 10-5, the pH, expressed to the correct number of significant figures, is:

A) 4.92
B) 4.9
C) 5.08
D) 5.1

Question 58

An extensive property is

A) dependent on the quantity of matter observed
B) difficult to measure
C) independent of the quantity of matter observed
D) is a unique value regardless of the measurement conditions
E) always strongly dependent on the external conditions

Question 59

During a winter blizzard the temperature was -20°F. What temperature is this on the Celsius scale?

A) -29°C
B) -94°C
C) -6.2°C
D) -22°C
E) -20°C

Question 60

Without doing a calculation, find which of the following represents the highest temperature.

A) 20°F
B) 0°C
C) 0 K
D) 270 K
E) 0°F

Question 61

Convert 21.8 in3 to liters. (2.54 cm = 1.00 in)

A) 0.0554 L
B) 1.33 × 103 L
C) 8.58 L
D) 0.357 L
E) 8.58 × 103 L

Question 62

Convert -41.0°F to degrees Celsius.

A) -40.6°C
B) -57.6°C
C) -73.0°C
D) -9.0°C
E) -117°C

Question 63

A weatherman incorrectly stated that the temperature was 85°F, 35°C. If the Fahrenheit temperature was correct, how far off was the Celsius temperature?

A) 8°C
B) 6°C
C) 29°C
D) 31°C
E) 3°C

Question 64

An elephant's bathtub is 8.0 feet long, 2.5 yards wide, and 70 inches deep. What is the capacity of the elephant's bathtub in U.S. quarts?

A) 9.3 × 103 qt
B) 1.1 × 104 qt
C) 3.4 × 104 qt
D) 34 qt
E) 2.2 × 104 qt

Question 65

What mass of sugar, in grams, would be obtained from the evaporation of water from 1.5 kg of a sugar solution which is 10.5% sugar by mass?

A) 0.1575 g
B) 0.158 g
C) 157.5 g
D) 15.8 g
E) 160 g

Question 66

What mass, in g, of a solution containing 12% by mass sodium chloride is needed for a process that requires 8 g of sodium chloride?

A) 12 g
B) 150 g
C) 67 g
D) 0.96 g
E) 8 g

Question 67

At what temperature does the Fahrenheit reading equal twice the Celsius temperature?

A) 160°C, 320°F
B) 12°C, 24°F
C) -12°C, -24°F
D) -288°C, -576°F
E) 40°C, 80°F

Question 68

A briefcase 4.5 in × 22 in × 11 in is filled with gold, which has a density of 19.3 g/cm3 and costs $308/oz. What is the dollar value of this gold?

A) $5.80 × 105
B) $1.56 × 103
C) $3.74 × 106
D) $1.00 × 104
E) $2.81 × 106

Question 69

Determine the number of cm2 in one in2.

A) 64.5 cm2
B) 6.45 cm2
C) 100 cm2
D) 8.95 cm2
E) 39.7 cm2

Question 70

Ethylene glycol has a density of 1.11 g/mL. What is the volume occupied by 30.0 g of ethylene glycol?

A) 33.3 mL
B) 27.0 mL
C) 31.1 mL
D) 0.037 mL
E) 30.0 mL

Question 71

A briefcase 4.5 in × 22 in × 11 in is filled with gold, which has a density of 19.3 g/cm3 and costs $308/oz. What is the mass of this gold in kg?

A) 460 kg
B) 53.5 kg
C) 136 kg
D) 344 kg
E) 17.9 kg

Question 72

Convert 35 ft/s to SI derived units.

A) 4.2 m/s
B) 1100 m/s
C) 1.65 m/s
D) 0.074 m/s
E) 11 m/s

Question 73

A field is 100.0 yd long and 50.0 yd wide. If covered with water to a uniform depth of 2.00 in, what volume of water is present in U.S. gallons?

A) 8.70 × 103 gal
B) 5.61 × 104 gal
C) 5.31 × 104 gal
D) 2.42 × 102 gal
E) 1.56 × 103 gal

Question 74

The temperature in the core of the warp drive of the starship Enterprise is supposedly 3 million (3.00 × 106) degrees Celsius. What is this in degrees Fahrenheit?

A) 5.40 × 106 °F
B) 2.99 × 106 °F
C) 1.67 × 106 °F
D) 3.27 × 106 °F
E) 8.13 × 106 °F

Question 75

A 14-karat gold ring contains 58.3% gold and weighs 12.41 g. If gold sells for $308.00/ounce, what is the value of the gold in the ring?

A) $116
B) $135
C) $231
D) $58.90
E) $78.60

Question 76

A jewelry alloy has a density of 12.412 g/ml and is 75.0% gold by weight. If 522 g of gold are available, what volume of this alloy can be produced?

A) 8.64 × 103 mL
B) 31.5 mL
C) 4.86 × 103 mL
D) 335 mL
E) 56.1 mL

Question 77

Two hundred mL of solution has a mass of 198 g. What is the density of the solution?

A) 1.01 g/mL
B) 3.98 g/mL
C) 99.0 g/mL
D) 0.990 g/mL
E) 1.98 g/mL

Question 78

A solution of 34.5% sulfuric acid by weight in water has a density of 1.26 g/mL. How many grams of sulfuric acid are needed to make 3.22 L of this solution?

A) 1.20 × 105 g
B) 882 g
C) 135 g
D) 1.40 × 103 g
E) 1.40 × 105 g

Question 79

What is the mass of a 468 mL sample of ethanol? The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL.

A) 234 g
B) 739 g
C) 468 g
D) 593 g
E) 369 g

Question 80

Determine the number of cm3 in 21.0 U.S. qt.

A) 19,900
B) 5.548
C) 20.0
D) 0.0199
E) 10.0