Deck 19: Fungal Diseases of the Lung

Question 1

During the advanced stages of a fungal lung infection, which of the following is commonly seen on the chest radiograph?

A) Hyperinflation
B) Spherical nodules
C) Right shift of the heart
D) Cavities

Answer 1

Cavities

Question 2

Anatomic alterations found in the lungs of patients with a fungal infection include:
1) fibrosis of lung parenchyma.
2) alveolar-capillary destruction.
3) hyperinflation.
4) mucosal edema.

A) 1, 2
B) 2, 3
C) 3, 4
D) 1, 2, 4

Answer 2

1, 2

Question 3

The drug of choice for the treatment of fungal lung diseases is:

A) penicillin (penicillin G).
B) tetracycline.
C) amphotericin B (Fungizone).
D) ketoconazole (Nizoral).

Answer 3

amphotericin B (Fungizone).

Question 4

Fungal infection of the lungs is closest in similarity to:

A) pleural disease.
B) interstitial lung disease.
C) tuberculosis.
D) bronchiectasis.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered to cause an opportunistic fungal infection?

A) Candida albicans
B) Aspergillus
C) Coccidioides immitis
D) Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 6

Fungal lung infections are usually spread by:

A) inhaling spores.
B) blood.
C) contact with infected sputum.
D) inhaling infected droplets.

Question 7

What parts of the lungs are most commonly affected by a fungal infection?

A) Mainstem bronchi
B) Lingula
C) Lower lobes
D) Upper lobes

Question 8

What is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis?

A) Fungal stain
B) Blood serum antigen levels
C) Chest x-ray
D) Fungal culture
E) Skin test

Question 9

A patient has an Aspergillus niger infection. What should be used to treat it?

A) Fluconazole (Diflucan)
B) Ribavirin (Virazole)
C) Metronidazole (Flagyl)
D) Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

Question 10

In the Midwestern part of the United States, what is the most common fungal infection of the lungs?

A) Cryptococcosis
B) Histoplasmosis
C) Blastomycosis
D) Coccidioidomycosis

Question 11

Pulmonary function testing results on a patient with advanced fungal pneumonia will display all of the following EXCEPT:

A) increased ERV.
B) decreased IRV.
C) decreased IC.
D) decreased TLC.

Question 12

Fungal diseases cause which type of pulmonary disorder?

A) An acute restrictive disorder
B) A chronic restrictive disorder
C) An acute obstructive disorder
D) A chronic obstructive disorder

Question 13

All of the following are identified as opportunistic yeast pathogens EXCEPT:

A) Candida albicans.
B) Cryptococcus neoformans.
C) Aspergillus.
D) Mycoplasma.

Question 14

Which type of fungal lung infection frequently results in productive cough with purulent sputum?

A) Staphylococcal infection
B) Blastomycosis
C) Klebsiella infection
D) Histoplasmosis

Question 15

A patient lives in Chicago and has HIV and a weakened immune system. What fungal infection is the patient at risk of developing?

A) Mycoplasma infection
B) Blastomycosis
C) Streptococcal infection
D) Disseminated histoplasmosis

Question 16

After cleaning out his chicken coop, a farmer has developed a fungal lung infection. What type of infection is it most likely to be?

A) Coccidioidomycosis
B) Blastomycosis
C) Histoplasmosis
D) Cryptococcal infection

Question 17

A patient with an advanced pulmonary fungal infection has cor pulmonale. How will this manifest itself?

A) Distended neck veins
B) Poor skin turgor
C) Wheezy breath sounds
D) Asymmetrical chest movement when breathing

Question 18

A skin test is available to confirm which of the following fungal infections?

A) Coccidioidomycosis
B) Blastomycosis
C) Tuberculosis
D) Pseudomonal infection