Deck 17: Lipids

Question 1

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) bile salt
B) triacylglycerol
C) prostaglandin
D) wax
E) sphingolipid

Answer 1

bile salt

Question 2

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) steroid
B) glycerophospholipid
C) wax
D) bile salt
E) prostaglandin

Answer 2

steroid

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the human body?

A) energy storage
B) insulation
C) protection
D) emulsification
E) pH regulation

Answer 3

pH regulation

Question 4

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) sphingolipid
B) simple lipid
C) bile salt
D) triacylglycerol
E) prostaglandin

Question 5

Which of the following lipids will give no fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A) wax
B) fat
C) phospholipid
D) glycolipid
E) cholesterol

Question 6

Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A) myristic
B) oleic
C) palmitic
D) stearic
E) lauric

Question 7

Compared to saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids have

A) longer carbon chains.
B) shorter carbon chains.
C) higher melting points.
D) lower melting points.
E) greater intermolecular attraction.

Question 8

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) glycerophospholipid
B) triacylglycerol
C) glycosphingolipid
D) steroid
E) wax

Question 9

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) triacylglycerol
B) wax
C) glycerolphospholipid
D) bile salt
E) steroid

Question 10

Lipids are compounds that are soluble in

A) distilled water.
B) normal saline solution.
C) glucose solution.
D) chloroform.
E) oxygen.

Question 11

Which of the following is a fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 12

Which of the following fatty acids is a solid at room temperature?

A) palmitoleic
B) oleic
C) stearic
D) linoleic
E) linolenic

Question 13

Which of the following fatty acids is most likely to be a liquid at room temperature?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 14

Unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fatty acids because

A) they have fewer hydrogen atoms.
B) they have more hydrogen atoms.
C) their molecules fit closely together.
D) the cis double bonds give them an irregular shape.
E) the trans double bonds give them an irregular shape.

Question 15

Choose the saturated fatty acid from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 16

Choose the polyunsaturated fatty acid from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 17

A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one

A) carboxyl group.
B) hydroxyl group.
C) carbonyl group.
D) long carbon chain.
E) double bond.

Question 18

Which statement is NOT true?

A) Lipids are found in cell membranes.
B) Lipids are soluble in organic solvents.
C) There are many different types of lipids.
D) All lipids contain fatty acids.
E) Some hormones are lipids.

Question 19

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 640 kcal and 39 g of fat. Calculate the number of kilocalories from fat. (1 gram of fat = 9 kcal; 1 gram of carbohydrate or protein delivers 4 kcal.)

A) 4.3 kcal from fat
B) 39 kcal from fat
C) 71 kcal from fat
D) 350 kcal from fat
E) 640 kcal from fat

Question 20

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A) wax
B) triacylglycerol
C) glycerolphospholipid
D) glycosphingolipid
E) steroid

Question 21

The most common type of gallstones is composed of almost pure

A) cholesterol.
B) bile salts.
C) glycerophospholipids.
D) calcium salts of fatty acids.
E) anabolic steroids.

Question 22

Glycerophospholipids can interact both with other lipids and water because they contain both __________ and __________.

A) single bonds; double bonds
B) polar regions; nonpolar regions
C) glycerol; sphingosine
D) saturated fatty acids; unsaturated fatty acids
E) bile salts; cholesterol

Question 23

Commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by

A) hydrogenation.
B) hydrolysis.
C) hydration.
D) oxidation.
E) saponification.

Question 24

A lipoprotein particle functions to

A) dissolve polar lipids for excretion.
B) metabolize lipids into new substances.
C) dissolve polar lipids in urine.
D) transport nonpolar lipids to body cells.
E) store lipids in the tissues.

Question 25

Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A) wax
B) fat
C) phospholipid
D) glycolipid
E) cholesterol

Question 26

Palmitic acid is a 16 carbon acid. In a balanced equation, the products of the saponification of glyceryl tripalmitate (tripalmitin) are

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 27

Which of the following compounds is a glycerolphospholipid?

A) jojoba wax
B) estrogen
C) lecithin
D) triolein
E) cerebroside

Question 28

The products of the saponification of a fat are

A) the esters of fatty acids.
B) fatty acids and glycerol.
C) salts of fatty acids.
D) salts of fatty acids and glycerol.
E) phospholipids.

Question 29

A triacylglycerol that is solid at room temperature is called a(n)

A) cephalin.
B) lecithin.
C) oil.
D) wax.
E) fat.

Question 30

What phospholipid contains fatty acids but NOT glycerol?

A) lecithin
B) glycolipid
C) sphingolipid
D) cephalin
E) corticosteroid

Question 31

In the list below, which lipid type is most soluble in water?

A) triacylglycerols
B) glycerophospholipids
C) oils
D) steroids
E) waxes

Question 32

Waxes are lipids derived from

A) a long-chain alcohol and a long-chain fatty acid.
B) glycerol and three fatty acids.
C) glycerol, fatty acids, phosphate, and an amino alcohol.
D) sphingosine, fatty acids, phosphate, and an amino alcohol.
E) terpenes and steroids.

Question 33

Choose the polyunsaturated triacylglycerol from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 34

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 640 kcal and 39 g of fat. Calculate the percentage of total kilocalories due to fat (1 gram of fat = 9 kcal).

A) 0.68% of total kilocalories
B) 6.1% of total kilocalories
C) 11% of total kilocalories
D) 55% of total kilocalories
E) 100% of total kilocalories

Question 35

Margarine containing partially hydrogenated soybean oil is solid because

A) it contains only saturated fats.
B) it contains only trans fatty acids.
C) some of its double bonds have been converted to single bonds.
D) it contains only cis double bonds.
E) it contains only polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Question 36

Synthesis of cholesterol and bile salts takes place in the

A) liver.
B) gall bladder.
C) small intestine.
D) large intestine.
E) pancreas.

Question 37

The components in the following glycerophospholipid are

A) sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and choline.
B) sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and serine.
C) glycerol, palmitic acid, phosphate, and ethanolamine.
D) glycerol, palmitic acid, phosphate, and galactose.
E) sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and ethanolamine.

Question 38

The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are

A) the esters of fatty acids.
B) fatty acids and glycerol.
C) salts of fatty acids.
D) salts of fatty acids and glycerol.
E) phospholipids.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a function of glycerophospholipids?

A) transport of triacylglycerols
B) regulation of cellular permeability
C) protect nerve cells
D) aid in digestion
E) transport of cholesterol

Question 40

Choose the saturated triacylglycerol from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 41

One inner component of a typical cell membrane is

A) glucose.
B) cholesterol.
C) glycine.
D) palmitic acid.
E) glycerol.

Question 42

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
Which of the following is NOT a lipid?

A) oleic acid
B) cholesterol
C) carnuba wax
D) DNA
E) lecithin

Question 43

Which of the following is a lipid?

A) cholesterol
B) nicotine
C) aniline
D) lactose
E) collagen

Question 44

In the fluid-mosaic model that describes plasma membranes,

A) there are three layers of glycerophospholipid molecules.
B) two layers of glycerophospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections oriented to the inside of the membrane.
C) two layers of glycerophospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections along the outer surface of the membrane.
D) A single row of glycerophospholipid molecules forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.
E) two layers of proteins separate the contents inside a cell from the surrounding fluids.

Question 45

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane, the objects labeled (E) are

A) steroids.
B) hydrophobic regions.
C) proteins.
D) phospholipids.
E) carbohydrate side chains.

Question 46

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane

A) the hydrophobic heads are on the inner and outer surface and the hydrophilic tails in the middle.
B) the hydrophilic heads are on the inner and outer surface and the hydrophobic tails in the middle.
C) there is a random arrangement of phospholipids.
D) the hydrophilic heads are on the inner and outer surface and cholesterol is in the middle.
E) cholesterol is on the inner and outer surface and phospholipids are in the middle.

Question 47

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (B) is a

A) steroid.
B) hydrophobic region.
C) membrane protein.
D) glycerophospholipid bilayer.
E) carbohydrate side chain.

Question 48

The steroid hormone that increases the blood glucose and glycogen levels from fatty acids and amino acids is

A) aldosterone.
B) progesterone.
C) cortisone.
D) estrogen.
E) prednisone.

Question 49

Channel proteins in cell membranes serve what function?

A) They add strength and rigidity to the membrane.
B) They provide pathways for water and electrolytes to move through cell membranes.
C) They form the bilayer portion of the membrane.
D) They allow nonpolar substances to move through the membrane.
E) They prevent interactions between the nonpolar tails of the phospholipids which gives the membrane its fluidity.

Question 50

A precursor of prostaglandins is __________ acid.

A) oleic
B) linoleic
C) arachidonic
D) tauric
E) palmitic

Question 51

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
A lecithin contains the following components:

A) glycerol and three fatty acids
B) glycerol, two fatty acids and choline
C) glycerol, two fatty acids, phosphate and an amino alcohol
D) sphingosine, two fatty acids, phosphate and an amino alcohol
E) sphingosine, one fatty acid, phosphate and an amino alcohol

Question 52

The main lipid components in cellular membranes are

A) glycerolphospholipids.
B) terpenes.
C) steroids.
D) triacylglycerols.
E) waxes.

Question 53

The steroid hormone present in birth control pills is

A) aldosterone.
B) progesterone.
C) cortisone.
D) estrogen.
E) norethindrone.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a lipoprotein that carries nonpolar lipids through the bloodstream?

A) sphingosine
B) LDL
C) HDL
D) VLDL
E) chylomicron

Question 55

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane, the small branched object labeled (A) is part of a

A) steroid.
B) hydrophobic region.
C) membrane protein.
D) glycerophospholipid.
E) carbohydrate side chain.

Question 56

According to the fluid-mosaic model of a cell membrane, the main component of a membrane is

A) a lipid bilayer.
B) a membrane protein.
C) a glycoprotein.
D) a steroid.
E) a prostaglandin.

Question 57

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
Which of the following is a polyunsaturated fat?

A) triolein
B) tripalmitin
C) tristearin
D) trimyristin
E) trilinolein

Question 58

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (D) is part of a

A) steroid.
B) hydrophobic region.
C) cholesterol.
D) glycerophospholipid.
E) glycosphingolipid.

Question 59

Answer the question(s) that follow about the diagram shown below.
In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (C) is a

A) steroid.
B) hydrophobic region.
C) phospholipid.
D) mitochondrion.
E) glycolipid.

Question 60

The type of lipid that gives a cell membrane its shape is a

A) triacylglycerol.
B) glycerophospholipid.
C) prostaglandin.
D) bile salt.
E) wax.

Question 61

Bile salts help in the digestion of proteins.

Question 62

The name of the reaction that occurs when a fat reacts with sodium hydroxide and water is __________.

A) hydrogenation
B) reduction
C) hydration
D) oxidation
E) saponification

Question 63

Excess cholesterol in the blood can lead to a build up of plaque.

Question 64

In a simple model of atherosclerosis and heart disease, the compound that forms plaques that adhere to the walls of the blood vessels is __________.

A) cholesterol
B) carnauba wax
C) stearic acid
D) glycerol
E) sphingosine

Question 65

The catalyst needed for saponification is H⁺ ion.

Question 66

Olestra is a triacylglycerol.

Question 67

Most plant lipids are saturated lipids.

Question 68

Cholesterol belongs to the __________ group of lipids.

A) phospholipid
B) steroid
C) prostaglandin
D) triacylglycerol
E) wax

Question 69

Bile salts are among the lipid class known as __________.

A) sphingosides
B) prostaglandins
C) cerebrosides
D) triacylglycerols
E) steroids

Question 70

Bile salts are synthesized from __________.

A) cephalin
B) triacylglycerols
C) pancreas
D) cholesterol
E) lecithin

Question 71

DNA is a lipid.

Question 72

Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 73

Bile salts are stored in the __________.

A) liver
B) pancreas
C) stomach
D) gall bladder
E) small intestine

Question 74

The tail of a triacylglycerol is the nonpolar end.

Question 75

One function of phospholipids is to provide structure to biomembranes.

Question 76

Hydrogenation of the double bonds in unsaturated fats requires a catalyst..

Question 77

Steroids do not contain fatty acids.

Question 78

Palmitic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 79

Many sex hormones are steroids.

Question 80

Sphingolipids contain fatty acids.