Deck 6: Health and Wellness

Question 1

Which of the following nursing activities is an example of tertiary level caregiving?
1) Teaching a client how to irrigate a new colostomy
2) Providing a class on hygiene for an elementary school class
3) Informing a client that her infant can be immunized at the health department
4) Arranging for a hospice nurse to visit with the family of a client with lung cancer

Answer 1

4
Tertiary prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible.Care of the hospice nurse at this level aims to help the client and the client's family achieve as high a level of functioning as possible despite the limitations caused by the cancer.
Teaching a client how to irrigate a new colostomy would be an example of secondary prevention.If the colostomy is to be permanent,care may later move to the tertiary level of prevention.
Providing a class on hygiene for an elementary school class would be an example of the primary level of prevention.
Informing a client about available immunizations would be an example of primary prevention.

Question 2

The nurse can best discuss the impact of a known risk factor on a client's health by stating:
1) "It doesn't mean you'll get the disease just that the odds are greater for you."
2) "Now you know that the possibility is there,you can take steps to prevent it."
3) "The risk factor can be managed by making a change in your lifestyle."
4) "You're lucky because you have the benefit of being able to do something about it."

Answer 2

1
The presence of risk factors does not mean that a disease will develop,but risk factors increase the chances that the individual will experience a particular disease or dysfunction.
While this response is not incorrect,it does not address the impact of a risk factor on the client's health.
This is not always true,and so it is not the best option.
This option minimizes the client's concern and does not address the impact of a risk factor on the client's health.

Question 3

The nurse knows that the greatest internal factor to consider when educating an adult client concerning health promotion activities is the client's:
1) Emotional wellness
2) Developmental stage
3) Professed spirituality
4) Intellectual background

Answer 3

4
A person's beliefs about health are shaped in part by the person's knowledge,lack of knowledge,or incorrect information about body functions and illnesses;educational background;and past experiences.These variables influence how a client thinks about health.In addition,cognitive abilities shape the way a person thinks,including the ability to understand factors involved in illness and to apply knowledge of health and illness to personal health practices.The client's ability to understand and accept the importance of the teaching is the primary nursing consideration.
The client's degree of stress,depression,or fear,for example,can influence health beliefs and practices.The manner in which a person handles stress throughout each phase of life will influence the way the person reacts to illness,but this option is not the best choice available.
A person's thought and behavior patterns change throughout life.The nurse must consider the client's level of growth and development when using his or her health beliefs and practices as a basis for planning care,but the client has been identified as being adult and so the developmental stage has been determined.
Spirituality is reflected in how a person lives his or her life,including the values and beliefs exercised,the relationships established with family and friends,and the ability to find hope and meaning in life.However,this is not the best option available.

Question 4

A nurse is using a holistic approach when caring for a client.To incorporate all of the factors that may influence the client,which of the following nursing responses is most therapeutic?
1) "I would like you to perform this exercise once a day."
2) "Your physician has left orders that you are to follow."
3) "The laboratory tests reveal the need to reduce your daily percentage of fat intake."
4) "Adapting to a low-fat diet and increasing your activity will help lower your blood glucose levels."

Question 5

Which of the following client statements best relates to the third component of the Health Belief Model?
1) "My blood cholesterol is only a little high."
2) "No one in my family is susceptible to the flu."
3) "I'll just avoid the food that causes the problem."
4) "By losing weight my blood pressure may come down."

Question 6

Which of the following nursing interventions is the best example of a primary care prevention strategy regarding the flu?
1) Staffing a flu immunization clinic at a senior citizen's center
2) Providing flu prevention literature for distribution to visitors
3) Reminding client care personnel of the importance of the flu shot
4) Getting a drug manufacturer to donate flu vaccine for the homeless

Question 7

A nurse understands that illness behavior means:
1) Each distinct illness will cause the client to behave in a specific manner
2) Nursing care provides interventions that are behavior oriented
3) The client's behaviors will have a direct impact on his illness
4) When ill,a client's perception of illness will result in unique behaviors

Question 8

When assessing the external variables that influence a client's health beliefs and practices,the nurse must consider his:
1) Income status
2) Religious practices
3) Educational background
4) Reaction to the heart disease

Question 9

The nurse is caring for a terminally ill client who recently immigrated to the United States.To provide quality end-of-life care,the nurse must initially:
1) Make every effort to involve the client and his family in the end-of-life care
2) Understand the client's personal and cultural views regarding death and dying
3) Arrange for end-of-life care to be provided by personnel familiar with the client's culture
4) Share the client's concerns regarding the dying process with his interdisciplinary care team

Question 10

Which one of the following client assessment findings indicates a lifestyle risk factor to the nurse?
1) Obesity
2) Sunbathing
3) Overcrowded housing
4) Industrial-based occupation

Question 11

The client states,"Heart disease runs in our family.My blood pressure has always been high." The nurse determines that this is an example of the client's:
1) Risk factors
2) Active strategy
3) Health beliefs
4) Negative health behavior

Question 12

A client is discharged following a heart attack.In using the Stages of Health Behavior Change as a guide,the nurse recognizes that the client is most likely to begin to accept information on diet changes and an exercise program during which stage?
1) Action
2) Preparation
3) Maintenance
4) Contemplation

Question 13

The client who recently received a kidney transplant is worried about her husband since he has taken over the physical tasks of running their home.The client is in the process of adapting to a change in:
1) Body image
2) Self-concept
3) Illness behavior
4) Family dynamics

Question 14

In the Health Belief Model,the nurse recognizes that the focus is placed on the:
1) Basic human needs for survival
2) Functioning of the individual in all dimensions
3) Relationship of perceptions and compliance with therapy
4) Multidimensional nature of clients and their interaction with the environment

Question 15

When formulating a definition of "health," the nurse should consider that health,within its current definition,is:
1) The absence of disease
2) A function of the physiological state
3) The ability to pursue activities of daily living
4) A state of well-being involving the whole person

Question 16

A client tells the nurse that his illness is a result of his failure to "live a good life." The nurse recognizes this statement as an example of the client's:
1) Risk factor
2) Health belief
3) Illness behavior
4) Negative health behavior

Question 17

A paraplegic client is admitted for an electrolyte imbalance.Based on the levels of prevention,the client is receiving care at the level of:
1) Health promotion
2) Primary prevention
3) Tertiary prevention
4) Secondary prevention

Question 18

The goal of Pender's Health Promotion theory is best reflected in which of the following nursing interventions?
1) Suggesting the client experience a variety of exercise routines before settling on the one to adapt
2) Arranging for a client to attend a support group for individuals who also have severe burn scars
3) Playing soft,classical music when a client diagnosed with Alzheimer's becomes physically agitated
4) Providing a client with a history of stress-induced respiratory problems with detailed explanations regarding her care

Question 19

Client assessment provides the nurse with necessary information for the development of an effective plan of care.When determining the influence of an internal variable on the client's health status,the nurse will specifically look for:
1) Anxiety level present
2) Family remedies used
3) Location and type of occupation
4) Available health insurance coverage

Question 20

Which one of the following is the main,overarching goal for Healthy People 2010?
1) Reduction of health care costs
2) Elimination of health disparities
3) Investigation of substance abuse
4) Determination of acceptable morbidity rates

Question 21

While discussing discharge plans for a client who recently experienced a stroke that resulted in right-sided weakness and communication problems,the daughter shares with the nurse that she has concerns regarding her role as caregiver.The most therapeutic response by the nurse is to:
1) Agree that her concerns are well-founded
2) Suggest that she consider home health aides
3) Offer to arrange for her to see the facility's grief counselor
4) Provide her with information about a caregiver support group

Question 22

The nurse observes signs of depression in a client who has been hospitalized for several weeks because of injuries sustained in an automobile accident.The client confirms his fears of never,"Being able to work and support my family as I did before." The nurse's initial intervention is to:
1) Offer to arrange for him to speak with the facility's chaplain
2) Assure the client that physical therapy will help him tremendously
3) Revise his care plan to include interventions to assist him with coping
4) Tell his health care provider of his need for antidepressant medication

Question 23

When caring for a client with a spouse and two adolescent children,the nurse knows that the family unit must first:
1) Be viewed as a client
2) Change traditional roles
3) Provide support for the ailing mother
4) Seek help to fulfill day-to-day needs