Deck 17: Lipids

Question 1

Which of the following is a fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Answer 1

Question 2

Lipids are compounds that are soluble in

A)distilled water.
B)normal saline solution.
C)glucose solution.
D)chloroform.
E)oxygen.

Answer 2

chloroform.

Question 3

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A)steroid
B)glycerophospholipid
C)wax
D)bile salt
E)prostaglandin

Answer 3

steroid

Question 4

Which of the following fatty acids is most likely to be a liquid at room temperature?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 5

Compared to saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids have

A)longer carbon chains.
B)shorter carbon chains.
C)higher melting points.
D)lower melting points.
E)greater intermolecular attraction.

Question 6

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A)triacylglycerol
B)wax
C)glycerolphospholipid
D)bile salt
E)steroid

Question 7

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A)glycerophospholipid
B)triacylglycerol
C)glycosphingolipid
D)steroid
E)wax

Question 8

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A)wax
B)triacylglycerol
C)glycerolphospholipid
D)glycosphingolipid
E)steroid

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a lipid?

A)oleic acid
B)cholesterol
C)carnuba wax
D)DNA
E)lecithin

Question 10

Which of the following lipids will give no fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A)wax
B)fat
C)phospholipid
D)glycolipid
E)cholesterol

Question 11

Choose the polyunsaturated fatty acid from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 12

Which of the following fatty acids is a solid at room temperature?

A)palmitoleic
B)oleic
C)stearic
D)linoleic
E)linolenic

Question 13

Unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fatty acids because

A)they have fewer hydrogen atoms.
B)they have more hydrogen atoms.
C)their molecules fit closely together.
D)the cis double bonds give them an irregular shape.
E)the trans double bonds give them an irregular shape.

Question 14

Choose the saturated fatty acid from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 15

Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?

A)myristic
B)oleic
C)palmitic
D)stearic
E)lauric

Question 16

For the question(s) that follow, identify the class of lipid to which each of the following molecules belongs.

A)sphingolipid
B)simple lipid
C)bile salt
D)triacylglycerol
E)prostaglandin

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of lipids in the human body?

A)energy storage
B)insulation
C)protection
D)emulsification
E)pH regulation

Question 18

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 640 kcal and 39 g of fat. Calculate the number of kilocalories from fat (1 gram of fat = 9 kcal).

A)4.3 kcal from fat
B)39 kcal from fat
C)71 kcal from fat
D)350 kcal from fat
E)640 kcal from fat

Question 19

A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains more than one

A)carboxyl group.
B)hydroxyl group.
C)carbonyl group.
D)long carbon chain.
E)double bond.

Question 20

Which statement is NOT true?

A)Lipids are found in cell membranes.
B)Lipids are soluble in organic solvents.
C)There are many different types of lipids.
D)All lipids contain fatty acids.
E)Some hormones are lipids.

Question 21

The products of this reaction is

A)glyceryl trioleate
B)glyceryl trisrearate
C)glyceryl tripalmitate
D)fat.
E)glyceryl tricaprate.

Question 22

Palmitic acid is a 16 carbon acid. In a balanced equation, the products of the saponification of glyceryl tripalmitate (tripalmitin) are

A) O
CH2 - OH + 3 CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - OH
|
CH - OH
|
CH2 - OH
B) O
CH2 - O- Na+ + 3 CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - OH
|
CH - O- Na+
|
CH2 - O- Na+
C) O
CH2 - OH + 3 CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - O- Na+
|
CHOH
|
CH2 - OH
D) O
CH2 - OH + CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - O- Na+
|
3 CHOH
|
CH2 - OH
E) O
CH2 - OH + 2 CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - O- Na+
|
CHOH O
|
CH2 - OH + CH₃
- (CH2)14 - C - O- Na+

Question 23

The products of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a fat are

A)the esters of fatty acids.
B)fatty acids and glycerol.
C)salts of fatty acids.
D)salts of fatty acids and glycerol.
E)phospholipids.

Question 24

Which of the following lipids will give a single molecule of fatty acid when hydrolyzed?

A)wax
B)fat
C)phospholipid
D)glycolipid
E)cholesterol

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a function of glycerophospholipids?

A)transport of triacylglycerols
B)regulation of cellular permeability
C)protect nerve cells
D)aid in digestion
E)transport of cholesterol

Question 26

Which of the following compounds is a glycerolphospholipid?

A)jojoba wax
B)estrogen
C)lecithin
D)triolein
E)cerebroside

Question 27

The products of the saponification of a fat are

A)the esters of fatty acids.
B)fatty acids and glycerol.
C)salts of fatty acids.
D)salts of fatty acids and glycerol.
E)phospholipids.

Question 28

A triacylglycerol that is solid at room temperature is called a(n)

A)cephalin.
B)lecithin.
C)oil.
D)wax.
E)fat.

Question 29

Choose the saturated triacylglycerol from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 30

A double cheeseburger with bacon contains 640 kcal and 39 g of fat. Calculate the percentage of total kilocalories due to fat (1 gram of fat = 9 kcal).

A)0.68% of total kilocalories
B)6.1% of total kilocalories
C)11% of total kilocalories
D)55% of total kilocalories
E)100% of total kilocalories

Question 31

A lecithin contains which of the following components?

A)glycerol and three fatty acids
B)glycerol, two fatty acids and choline
C)glycerol, two fatty acids, phosphate and an amino alcohol
D)sphingosine, two fatty acids, phosphate and an amino alcohol
E)sphingosine, one fatty acid, phosphate and an amino alcohol

Question 32

Waxes are lipids derived from

A)a long-chain alcohol and a long-chain fatty acid.
B)glycerol and three fatty acids.
C)glycerol, fatty acids, phosphate, and an amino alcohol.
D)sphingosine, fatty acids, phosphate, and an amino alcohol.
E)terpenes and steroids.

Question 33

The components in the following glycerophospholipid are

A)sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and choline.
B)sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and serine.
C)glycerol, palmitic acid, phosphate, and ethanolamine.
D)glycerol, palmitic acid, phosphate, and galactose.
E)sphingosine, palmitic acid, phosphate, and ethanolamine.

Question 34

What phospholipid contains fatty acids but NOT glycerol?

A)lecithin
B)glycolipid
C)sphingolipid
D)cephalin
E)corticosteroid

Question 35

In the list below, which lipid type is most soluble in water?

A)triacylglycerols
B)glycerophospholipids
C)oils
D)steroids
E)waxes

Question 36

Choose the polyunsaturated triacylglycerol from the compounds below.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 37

Which of the following is a polyunsaturated fat?

A)triolein
B)tripalmitin
C)tristearin
D)trimyristin
E)trilinolein

Question 38

Commercially, liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid fats such as margarine by

A)hydrogenation.
B)hydrolysis.
C)hydration.
D)oxidation.
E)saponification.

Question 39

Margarine containing partially hydrogenated soybean oil is solid because

A)it contains only saturated fats.
B)it contains only trans fatty acids.
C)some of its double bonds have been converted to single bonds.
D)it contains only cis double bonds.
E)it contains only polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Question 40

Glycerophospholipids can interact both with other lipids and water because they contain both ________ and ________.

A)single bonds; double bonds
B)polar regions; nonpolar regions
C)glycerol; sphingosine
D)saturated fatty acids; unsaturated fatty acids
E)bile salts; cholesterol

Question 41

The type of lipid that gives a cell membrane its shape is a

A)triacylglycerol.
B)glycerophospholipid.
C)prostaglandin.
D)bile salt.
E)wax.

Question 42

Which of the following is a lipid?

A)cholesterol
B)nicotine
C)aniline
D)lactose
E)collagen

Question 43

A lipoprotein particle functions to

A)dissolve polar lipids for excretion.
B)metabolize lipids into new substances.
C)dissolve polar lipids in urine.
D)transport nonpolar lipids to body cells.
E)store lipids in the tissues.

Question 44

One inner component of a typical cell membrane is

A)glucose.
B)cholesterol.
C)glycine.
D)palmitic acid.
E)glycerol.

Question 45

The steroid hormone that increases the blood glucose and glycogen levels from fatty acids and amino acids is

A)aldosterone.
B)progesterone.
C)cortisone.
D)estrogen.
E)prednisone.

Question 46

Channel proteins in cell membranes serve what function?

A)They add strength and rigidity to the membrane.
B)They provide pathways for water and electrolytes to move through cell membranes.
C)They form the bilayer portion of the membrane.
D)They allow nonpolar substances to move through the membrane.
E)They prevent interactions between the nonpolar tails of the phospholipids which gives the membrane its fluidity.

Question 47

In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (C) is a

A)steroid.
B)hydrophobic region.
C)phospholipid.
D)mitochondrion.
E)glycolipid.

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a lipoprotein that carries nonpolar lipids through the bloodstream?

A)sphingosine
B)LDL
C)HDL
D)VLDL
E)chylomicron

Question 49

The main lipid components in cellular membranes are

A)glycerolphospholipids.
B)terpenes.
C)steroids.
D)triacylglycerols.
E)waxes.

Question 50

A precursor of prostaglandins is ________ acid.

A)oleic
B)linoleic
C)arachidonic
D)tauric
E)palmitic

Question 51

In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (D) is part of a

A)steroid.
B)hydrophobic region.
C)cholesterol.
D)glycerophospholipid.
E)glycosphingolipid.

Question 52

According to the fluid-mosaic model of a cell membrane, the main component of a membrane is

A)a lipid bilayer.
B)a membrane protein.
C)a glycoprotein.
D)a steroid.
E)a prostaglandin.

Question 53

In the fluid-mosaic model that describes plasma membranes,

A)there are three layers of glycerophospholipid molecules.
B)two layers of glycerophospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections oriented to the inside of the membrane.
C)two layers of glycerophospholipid molecules have their nonpolar sections along the outer surface of the membrane.
D)A single row of glycerophospholipid molecules forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.
E)two layers of proteins separate the contents inside a cell from the surrounding fluids.

Question 54

In this diagram of a cell membrane, the small branched object labeled (A) is part of a

A)steroid.
B)hydrophobic region.
C)membrane protein.
D)glycerophospholipid.
E)carbohydrate side chain.

Question 55

In the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane

A)the hydrophobic heads are on the inner and outer surface and the hydrophilic tails in the middle.
B)the hydrophilic heads are on the inner and outer surface and the hydrophobic tails in the middle.
C)there is a random arrangement of phospholipids.
D)the hydrophilic heads are on the inner and outer surface and cholesterol is in the middle.
E)cholesterol is on the inner and outer surface and phospholipids are in the middle.

Question 56

In this diagram of a cell membrane, the object labeled (B) is a

A)steroid.
B)hydrophobic region.
C)membrane protein.
D)glycerophospholipid bilayer.
E)carbohydrate side chain.

Question 57

The most common type of gallstones is composed of almost pure

A)cholesterol.
B)bile salts.
C)glycerophospholipids.
D)calcium salts of fatty acids.
E)anabolic steroids.

Question 58

The steroid hormone present in birth control pills is

A)aldosterone.
B)progesterone.
C)cortisone.
D)estrogen.
E)norethindrone.

Question 59

In this diagram of a cell membrane, the objects labeled (E) are

A)steroids.
B)hydrophobic regions.
C)proteins.
D)phospholipids.
E)carbohydrate side chains.

Question 60

Synthesis of cholesterol and bile salts takes place in the

A)liver.
B)gall bladder.
C)small intestine.
D)large intestine.
E)pancreas.

Question 61

DNA is a lipid.

Question 62

Many sex hormones are steroids.

Question 63

Stearic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid.

Question 64

Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 65

Most plant lipids are saturated lipids.

Question 66

Hydrogenation of the double bonds in unsaturated fats requires a catalyst.

Question 67

Palmitic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid.

Question 68

Steroids do not contain fatty acids.

Question 69

One function of phospholipids is to provide structure to biomembranes.

Question 70

The saponification of a fat gives fatty acid salts and glycerol.

Question 71

Bile salts are synthesized from ________.

A)cephalin
B)triacylglycerols
C)pancreas
D)cholesterol
E)lecithin

Question 72

Sphingolipids contain fatty acids.

Question 73

Cholesterol belongs to the ________ group of lipids.

A)phospholipid
B)steroid
C)prostaglandin
D)triacylglycerol
E)wax

Question 74

The catalyst needed for saponification is H+ ion.

Question 75

The tail of a triacylglycerol is the nonpolar end.

Question 76

The name of the reaction that occurs when a fat reacts with sodium hydroxide and water is ________.

A)hydrogenation
B)reduction
C)hydration
D)oxidation
E)saponification

Question 77

Bile salts are among the lipid class known as ________.

A)sphingosides
B)prostaglandins
C)cerebrosides
D)triacylglycerols
E)steroids

Question 78

The structure is that of ________ acid.

A)oleic
B)linoleic
C)arachidonic
D)stearic
E)palmitic

Question 79

Bile salts are stored in the ________.

A)liver
B)pancreas
C) stomach
D)gall bladder
E)small intestine

Question 80

In a simple model of atherosclerosis and heart disease, the compound that forms plaques that adhere to the walls of the blood vessels is ________.

A)cholesterol
B)carnauba wax
C)stearic acid
D)glycerol
E)sphingosine