Deck 3: Seciton 2: Beginnings: Heredity and Environment

Question 1

A high school science teacher asks the students what cells could be used to produce any other cell in the body. If the students respond with _____ cells, they will be correct.

Answer 1

stem

Question 2

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence. If the code of the gene from one parent differs from the code on the same gene from the other parent, the gene pair is _____.

Answer 2

heterozygous

Question 3

Identical twins are also called _____ twins.

Answer 3

monozygotic

Question 4

In 22 of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, both members of the pair are closely matched. Each of these 44 chromosomes is called a(n) _____.

Question 5

Almost every human body cell contains _____ chromosomes.

Question 6

Fraternal twins are also called _____ twins.

Question 7

A person's collection of genes is referred to as his or her _____.

Question 8

Chris learned in her high school science class that a male has _____ on the 23rd pair of chromosomes.

Question 9

Monozygotic twins have _____ percent of their genes in common.

Question 10

All living things are composed of cells and the work of cells is done by _____.

Question 11

Jenny learned in her high school science class that a female has _____ on the 23rd pair of chromosomes.

Question 12

Each variation of a gene is called a(n) _____.

Question 13

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence. If the code of the gene from one parent is exactly like the code on the same gene from the other parent, the gene pair is _____.

Question 14

_____ cells are able to produce any other cells.

Question 15

Jenny and Tina are identical twins. They are the result of _____.

Question 16

After about the eight-cell stage within the zygote, cells start to _____, meaning that they take different forms and reproduce at various rates depending on where they are located.

Question 17

If the 23rd pair of chromosomes is a(n) _____, the individual will be female.

Question 18

If the 23rd pair of chromosomes is a(n) _____, the individual will be male.

Question 19

_____ are units of instructions for cells located on chromosomes.

Question 20

Michelle and Greg are having a baby and are hoping for a boy. _____ is who is responsible for determining the sex of the baby.

Question 21

As urbanization, video games, homework, and fear of strangers has kept more American children indoors, the rate of _____ has increased.

Question 22

The general term for the techniques designed to help infertile couples conceive and then sustain a pregnancy is _____.

Question 23

_____ refers to a trait that is affected by many factors, both genetic and environmental, that enhance, halt, shape, or alter the expression of genes, resulting in a phenotype that may differ markedly from the genotype.

Question 24

When the effects of genes add up to influence the phenotype, they are called _____ genes.

Question 25

Jackie rushed into the house after school and announced to her parents, "My personality is _____! So many genes make me who I am!"

Question 26

Oliver has inherited genes that put him at risk for developing diabetes, but he never develops diabetes due to a healthy diet and exercise. This example demonstrates that human characteristics, including diabetes, are _____.

Question 27

Individuals' appearance, behavior, and brain and body functions are their _____.

Question 28

Most of the known single-gene disorders are _____.

Question 29

When someone inherits a recessive gene that is not expressed, that person is a(n) _____ of that gene.

Question 30

_____ is the statistic that indicates how much of a variation in a particular trait can be traced to genes.

Question 31

The interaction of a heterozygous pair of alleles in such a way that the phenotype reflects one allele more than the other is referred to as a ______.

Question 32

A _____ woman is more likely to experience a successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy.

Question 33

When an ova is surgically removed from an ovary, fertilized in a glass lab dish, and then inserted into the uterus, this process is referred to as _____.

Question 34

Jeff and Ashley are fraternal twins. They are the result of _____.

Question 35

Research indicates that alcoholism is caused by _____.

Question 36

Genes with various repeats or deletions of base pairs are referred to as _____.

Question 37

Age has been associated with chromosomal abnormalities in offspring in that the _____ a parent is at conception, the greater the risk of chromosomal abnormalities.

Question 38

The cognitive deficits caused by the genetic condition of _____ are the most common form of inherited mental retardation.