Deck 21: Seciton 4: Adulthood: Cognitive Development

Question 1

Individuals high in analytic intelligence as able to better handle the tasks of adulthood.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Cohort differences are among the factors that account for age-related variation in adult intelligence.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In adults, crystallized intelligence tends to increase with age while fluid intelligence decreases with age.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Schaie found that scores on tests of practical intelligence were steadier than the scores on other kinds of tests from age 20 to 70.

Question 5

Spearman believed that general intelligence cannot be measured directly but can be inferred from various abilities.

Question 6

For most people throughout adulthood, both fluid and crystallized intelligence increase with age.

Question 7

Sternberg stated that there are three kinds of intelligence: academic, creative, and practical.

Question 8

The Flynn effect refers to an individual's increasing intelligence with age and experience.

Question 9

Abstract thinking and speed of thinking are some of the mental abilities that make up fluid intelligence.

Question 10

New data on the Flynn effect finds that generational increases have sped up in developing nations.

Question 11

For most people, intelligence early in life predicts more education, more income, and a longer life.

Question 12

It is possible to measure g directly.

Question 13

Intellectually demanding tasks, paid or not, tend to keep the mind working after retirement.

Question 14

Cognitive ability in adulthood does not increase for those with challenging work.

Question 15

Crystallized intelligence allows an individual to demonstrate the immediate recall of nonsense words.

Question 16

Curiosity, learning something for the joy of it, and the thrill at discovering something new are marks of fluid intelligence.

Question 17

Schaie found in the Seattle Longitudinal Study that by age 60 everyone declined in at least one of the basic abilities, but not until age 88 are declines in all five skills apparent in everyone.

Question 18

It is unfair and scientifically invalid to compare IQ scores of a cross-section to learn about age-related changes.

Question 19

Hundreds of cross-sectional studies of IQ in many nations confirmed that older adults outscored younger adults.

Question 20

Crystallized intelligence remains steady across adulthood.

Question 21

Expert thinking is intuitive, automatic, strategic, and flexible.

Question 22

If they use problem-focused coping styles, people try to attack the stress directly.

Question 23

Practical intelligence is prized if life circumstances change and new challenges arise.

Question 24

In adulthood, only a select number of previously developed abilities can be enhanced or diminished.

Question 25

Multitasking, an example of selective optimization, becomes more difficult with every passing decade.

Question 26

The superior strategies of the expert permit selective optimization with compensation.

Question 27

Experts rely more on formal procedures and rules rather than past experiences and immediate contexts when thinking.

Question 28

Women are more apt to use an emotion-focused coping style for stress than men.

Question 29

The best coping strategy in every stressful situation is always emotion-focused coping.

Question 30

Over the years of adulthood, a more positive attitude toward life develops, which makes it easier to reinterpret stresses so that they do not fester.

Question 31

It is difficult to determine who is a smart person, but easy to determine which nation is smartest.

Question 32

Adults used selective optimization with compensation to become experts in their field.

Question 33

Major stresses can negatively impact health, but minor daily hassles do not.

Question 34

Expertise always overcomes the effects of age.

Question 35

Cultures vary in what they believe about infant development.

Question 36

KIDI measures how much caregivers know about infant senses, motor skills, and communication.