Deck 30: Stratification Within Nations: a Comparative Perspective

Question 1

Many aspects of modernization in developing countries,such as migration to urban centers,

A)have not had a necessarily positive effect on the social standing of women.
B)have increased the vital role of women in food production.
C)have strengthened women's ties to relatives.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What percentage of the health expenditures of Canadians are paid for by the Canadian government?

A)82 percent
B)70 percent
C)60 percent
D)50 percent

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The federal bailouts of the banking and auto industries can be considered

A)unemployment.
B)corporate welfare.
C)welfare reform.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In large developing nations,the most socially significant mobility is

A)the movement out of poverty.
B)the employment of women.
C)property ownership.
D)proof of a confirmed dowry.

Question 5

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act,passed by Congress in 1996,ended the guarantee of assistance to

A)registered Democrats.
B)every poor family that meets eligibility requirements.
C)every poor family regardless of whether they meet eligibility requirements.
D)every family in the U.S.

Question 6

In which of the following countries does the top quintile of the citizenry receive 59 percent of the country's total income,while the bottom quintile receive only 3 percent of total income?

A)United States
B)Japan
C)Brazil
D)Mexico

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the patterns of intergenerational mobility in industrial nations is true?

A)Structural factors influence opportunities for social mobility.
B)Immigration does not play a significant part in mobility patterns.
C)There is consistent migration from urban to rural areas.
D)Most women resist mobility.

Question 8

In which of the following countries have women moved to the forefront of indigenous peoples' struggle to keep their ancestral lands from exploitation by outsiders?

A)Japan
B)Philippines
C)China
D)South Vietnam

Question 9

In which of the following nations is income inequality the highest?

A)Namibia
B)United States
C)Japan
D)Sweden

Question 10

Cross-cultural studies have suggested which of the following about industrialized and developing nations?

A)Spain has an informal economy.
B)Intergenerational mobility is increasing in most countries.
C)Modernization has benefited Kenya.
D)Mobility exists only in non-industrialized societies.

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the key patterns revealed by studies of intergenerational mobility in industrialized nations?

A)There is a common pattern toward agriculture-based occupations.
B)Parental positions tend to have little effect on social mobility of children.
C)Mobility opportunities are strongly influenced by structural factors.
D)Intergenerational mobility has been decreasing in most countries.

Question 12

In Kenya and Tanzania,it is illegal for women to

A)own a house.
B)walk alone in public.
C)socialize with men.
D)go to school.

Question 13

In Brazil,non-Whites have a higher monthly income than Whites.

Question 14

Worldwide,what percentage of adults own more than half of the entire world's household wealth?

A)2 percent
B)7 percent
C)13 percent
D)27 percent

Question 15

Women in Kenya and Tanzania are prohibited from driving,walking alone in public,and socializing with men outside their families.

Question 16

Which perspective would study how "welfare scapegoating" ignored federal handouts to individuals and families?

A)functionalist
B)interactionist
C)conflict
D)feminist

Question 17

Like in the United States,Brazilian social inequality is compounded by racial distinctions that originated in slavery.

Question 18

Through the establishment of the Pan-Cordillera Women's Network for Peace and Development in the Philippines,which of the following have the women volunteers accomplished?

A)negotiated thousands of peace pacts among indigenous peoples
B)reduced incidences of infanticide by half
C)provided microfinancing for the majority of small farmers
D)largely ended incidences of extreme poverty

Question 19

According to anthropologist Karuna Chanana Ahmed,who are the most exploited among oppressed people in developing countries?

A)young children
B)males
C)females
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 20

The tax breaks,bailouts,direct payments,and grants that the government gives to corporations are referred to as

A)corporate welfare.
B)business welfare.
C)welfare reform.
D)reverse welfare.

Question 21

Explain why the processes of modernization in developing countries have often had a negative impact on the well-being of women and their levels of social mobility.

Question 22

Discuss how stratification within the United States compares with stratification in other nations.What factors appear to be consistent within all nations?