Question 1

Patients with bipolar disorder are _____ times more likely to commit suicide compared to the general population.&#10;A)2&#10;B)5&#10;C)10&#10;D)15

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that patients with bipolar disorder are 10 times more likely to commit suicide compared to the general population. This is likely due to the nature of the disorder, which can involve intense mood swings and impulsive behavior, as well as the fact that bipolar disorder often co-occurs with other mental health conditions like depression and anxiety, which can also increase suicide risk.

Question 2

The diagnosis of bipolar disease is:&#10;A)relatively easy under DSM-5 criteria.&#10;B)generally diagnosed quickly after the onset of symptoms.&#10;C)difficult because of the high comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders.&#10;D)facilitated by the overlap of symptoms seen in unipolar and bipolar depression.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder often presents with comorbidities such as anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and personality disorders, which can complicate the diagnosis. Additionally, symptoms of bipolar disorder can be similar to those of other psychiatric disorders, such as major depression or borderline personality disorder, making it difficult to differentiate between them. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder should be made by a mental health professional based on a thorough evaluation of the individual's symptoms and history.

Question 3

The percentage of bipolar disorder I patients with a history of substance abuse is approximately _____ percent.&#10;A)20&#10;B)60&#10;C)80&#10;D)less than 10

Accepted Answer

Approximately 60 percent of individuals with Bipolar Disorder I have a history of substance abuse, highlighting the significant comorbidity between bipolar disorder and substance use disorders.

Question 4

The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder is approximately ______ percent worldwide.&#10;A)1&#10;B)2&#10;C)3&#10;D)10

Accepted Answer

The lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder is approximately 1% worldwide.

Question 5

Long-term management of bipolar disorder is best accomplished with:&#10;A)minor tranquilizers.&#10;B)major tranquilizers.&#10;C)mood stabilizers.&#10;D)antipsychotics.

Accepted Answer

Long-term management of bipolar disorder is best accomplished with mood stabilizers such as lithium, valproic acid, and carbamazepine. These medications help to prevent episodes of mania and depression and can help stabilize mood over time. While antipsychotics may also be used to treat acute episodes, they are not recommended for long-term management due to potential side effects such as weight gain and movement disorders. Minor tranquilizers such as benzodiazepines are not typically used for long-term treatment of bipolar disorder.

Question 6

Patients that exhibit mixed episodes of bipolar disorder (concurrent symptoms of mania and depression):&#10;A)generally show an earlier onset of the disorder in comparison to other types.&#10;B)will be less likely to be hospitalized.&#10;C)typically have a very good prognosis compared to other types.&#10;D)usually experience only one or two episodes before complete remission of symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Patients with mixed episodes of bipolar disorder tend to have an earlier onset of the disorder compared to other types.

Question 7

Antidepressants may be used to treat depression,but this can risk:&#10;A)infection.&#10;B)cardiac effects.&#10;C)a manic flip.&#10;D)worsening depression.

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants can sometimes trigger a manic episode in people with bipolar disorder, which is referred to as a manic flip. It is important for individuals with bipolar disorder to be properly diagnosed and treated with mood stabilizers before taking antidepressants to avoid this risk.

Question 8

Bipolar disorder is episodic,with alternating periods of mania or depression about _____ percent of the time.&#10;A)20&#10;B)30&#10;C)40&#10;D)50

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression, with the manic episodes typically lasting for about 20% of the time.

Question 9

Accurately diagnosing someone with bipolar disorder involves:&#10;A)quantifying the number of depressive episodes the person has experienced.&#10;B)getting a good family history.&#10;C)identifying the substances they have used since the onset of symptoms.&#10;D)determining if anticonvulsants cause them to become more manic.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder has a strong genetic component, so obtaining a good family history is important in diagnosing the disorder. While quantifying the number of depressive episodes and assessing substance use and medication responses can be part of the diagnostic process, neither alone nor together would be the best choice for accurately diagnosing bipolar disorder.

Question 10

The administration of a(n)______in addition to an antidepressant is recommended for patients suspected of experiencing bipolar depression.&#10;A)antipsychotic&#10;B)mood stabilizer&#10;C)stimulant&#10;D)hallucinogen

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers, such as lithium or valproic acid, are recommended for patients with bipolar depression as they can help prevent mood swings and stabilize the patient's mood. Antipsychotics may also be used in addition to a mood stabilizer, but the use of stimulants or hallucinogens is not recommended in bipolar depression treatment.

Question 11

Tom has been working hard on a project for his employer.As the project winds down,he has recently started exhibiting a very expansive mood,is quite talkative,and reports that he really does not feel the need to sleep much.But he soon starts to show signs that his mood is somewhat depressed; he also reports that he does not have much interest in his normal activities and that he has gained quite a bit of weight over a short period of time.Tom could be diagnosed with __________ on the basis of this information.

A)unipolar depression
B)bipolar disorder I (BP-I)
C)bipolar disorder II (BP-II)
D)mixed bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tom has been working hard on a...

Question 12

Acute manic episodes that are less severe may be treated effectively with any of the following medications EXCEPT:&#10;A)lithium.&#10;B)a second-generation antipsychotic.&#10;C)valproate.&#10;D)olanzapine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Acute manic episodes that are less severe...

Question 13

More than 80 percent of bipolar substance abusers self-administer:&#10;A)alcohol.&#10;B)nicotine.&#10;C)cocaine.&#10;D)marijuana.

Accepted Answer

The answer of More than 80 percent of bipolar substance...

Question 14

Long-term treatment with antidepressant/mood stabilizer combinations may _____ severity of _____ symptoms.&#10;A)improve; depressive&#10;B)worsen; depressive&#10;C)improve; manic&#10;D)worsen; manic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Long-term treatment with antidepressant/mood stabilizer combinations may...

Question 15

In terms of diagnostic criteria,bipolar disorder I (BP-I)involves:&#10;A)evidence of at least four episodes of illness in the last year.&#10;B)indications of onset within adolescence (the teen years).&#10;C)a suggestion of mild onset of mania that becomes progressively worse over time.&#10;D)at least one episode of mania with or without concomitant depression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of diagnostic criteria,bipolar disorder I...

Question 16

A bipolar patient classified as a &#34;rapid cycler&#34; would have at least _____ episodes of illness per year.&#10;A)2&#10;B)4&#10;C)6&#10;D)8

Accepted Answer

The answer of A bipolar patient classified as a &#34;rapid...

Question 17

Research evidence suggests that all of the following drugs are indicated for acute mania/mixed states EXCEPT:&#10;A)lithium.&#10;B)valproic acid (Valproate).&#10;C)olanzapine .&#10;D)omega-3 fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research evidence suggests that all of the...

Question 18

Comorbid substance abuse:&#10;A)is rare in patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder.&#10;B)is never seen in patients with bipolar II.&#10;C)typically occurs in younger patients but never in those over 30 years of age.&#10;D)may cause a switch from a depressive to a manic episode.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Comorbid substance abuse:&#10;A)is rare in patients diagnosed...

Question 19

The American Psychiatric Association recommends all of the following goals for general treatment of bipolar disorder EXCEPT:&#10;A)full return of psychosocial functioning.&#10;B)remission of symptoms.&#10;C)relapse prevention.&#10;D)elimination of all drug side effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The American Psychiatric Association recommends all of...

Question 20

Bipolar disorder I is known as the _____ subtype and is _____ than bipolar disorder II.&#10;A)traditional; less severe&#10;B)traditional; more severe&#10;C)primary; less severe&#10;D)primary; more severe

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bipolar disorder I is known as the...

Question 21

The STEP-BD study revealed that the use of antidepressants,along with mood stabilizers,to treat bipolar disorder,tended to increase the rate of:&#10;A)depressive episodes.&#10;B)manic episodes.&#10;C)recovery.&#10;D)side effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The STEP-BD study revealed that the use...

Question 22

To avoid further complications,lithium users must watch their dietary intake of:&#10;A)salt&#10;B)sugar&#10;C)fats&#10;D)dairy products

Accepted Answer

The answer of To avoid further complications,lithium users must watch...

Question 23

Lithium has declined in use to treat bipolar disorder due to the following reasons EXCEPT:&#10;A)noncompliance by patients.&#10;B)minimal efficacy.&#10;C)toxicity and side effects.&#10;D)availability of newer alternatives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium has declined in use to treat...

Question 24

Following administration,lithium levels can be detected up to:&#10;A)12 hours.&#10;B)24 hours.&#10;C)1 to 2 days.&#10;D)1 to 2 weeks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Following administration,lithium levels can be detected up...

Question 25

Lithium is the lightest of the alkali metals and shares some characteristics with:&#10;A)potassium.&#10;B)calcium.&#10;C)sodium.&#10;D)chloride.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium is the lightest of the alkali...

Question 26

Lithium is effective in treating _____ percent of acute manic and hypomanic episodes.&#10;A)20 to 40&#10;B)40 to 60&#10;C)60 to 80&#10;D)80 to 100

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium is effective in treating _____ percent...

Question 27

The half-life of an oral dose of lithium is about _____ hours.&#10;A)10&#10;B)20&#10;C)30&#10;D)40

Accepted Answer

The answer of The half-life of an oral dose of...

Question 28

The classic drug ______ was originally used to treat bipolar disorder.&#10;A)Haldol&#10;B)benzodiazepines&#10;C)lithium&#10;D)Tegretol

Accepted Answer

The answer of The classic drug ______ was originally used...

Question 29

Lithium:&#10;A)is very effective in rapid cycling patients.&#10;B)rarely produces side effects.&#10;C)is used less frequently now in comparison to antipsychotic and anticonvulsant agents.&#10;D)is ideal for situations in which there is psychiatric comorbidity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium:&#10;A)is very effective in rapid cycling patients.&#10;B)rarely...

Question 30

Evidence suggests that the mechanism of antimanic drugs may involve effects on:&#10;A)glutamate.&#10;B)GABA.&#10;C)BDNF.&#10;D)lithium receptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence suggests that the mechanism of antimanic...

Question 31

The psychoactive effect of lithium on normal individuals is:&#10;A)euphoria.&#10;B)mania.&#10;C)depression.&#10;D)nonexistent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The psychoactive effect of lithium on normal...

Question 32

When therapy is initiated,lithium continuously accumulates over the next:&#10;A)12 hours.&#10;B)24 hours.&#10;C)2 days.&#10;D)2 weeks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When therapy is initiated,lithium continuously accumulates over...

Question 33

Lithium:&#10;A)is metabolized in the liver into two active metabolites.&#10;B)crosses the blood-brain barrier rapidly.&#10;C)completely crosses into the brain.&#10;D)has a very narrow therapeutic range.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium:&#10;A)is metabolized in the liver into two...

Question 34

In the STEP-BD study,about _____ percent of the patients who participated for at least 2 years achieved recovery.&#10;A)20&#10;B)40&#10;C)60&#10;D)80

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the STEP-BD study,about _____ percent of...

Question 35

The STEP-BD study revealed that the use of antidepressants,along with mood stabilizers,to treat bipolar disorder,tended to _____ the rate of rapid cycling of _____ episodes.&#10;A)decrease; depressive&#10;B)decrease; manic&#10;C)increase; depressive&#10;D)increase; manic

Accepted Answer

The answer of The STEP-BD study revealed that the use...

Question 36

The STEP-BD study revealed that ______ is associated with an increased risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).&#10;A)valproic acid&#10;B)inositol&#10;C)lamotrigine&#10;D)risperidone

Accepted Answer

The answer of The STEP-BD study revealed that ______ is...

Question 37

Before excretion,lithium is:&#10;A)metabolized to an active compound.&#10;B)metabolized into an inactive compound.&#10;C)converted to Na+.&#10;D)not metabolized.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Before excretion,lithium is:&#10;A)metabolized to an active compound.&#10;B)metabolized...

Question 38

Lithium crosses the blood-brain barrier:&#10;A)rapidly and completely.&#10;B)slowly and incompletely.&#10;C)rapidly but incompletely.&#10;D)slowly but completely.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium crosses the blood-brain barrier:&#10;A)rapidly and completely.&#10;B)slowly...

Question 39

Peak blood levels of lithium are reached within _____ hours of oral administration.&#10;A)2&#10;B)3&#10;C)4&#10;D)5

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peak blood levels of lithium are reached...

Question 40

In general,those bipolar patients who __________ are likely to have poor outcomes.&#10;A)experience an acute manic episode&#10;B)are rapid cyclers&#10;C)suffer from bipolar depression&#10;D)experience a mild manic episode

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general,those bipolar patients who __________ are...

Question 41

All of the following drugs for bipolar disorder can cause skin reactions EXCEPT:&#10;A)lithium.&#10;B)carbamazepine (Tegretol).&#10;C)valproic acid (Depakote).&#10;D)lamotrigine (Lamictal).

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following drugs for bipolar...

Question 42

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)is potentially ______ in pregnancy.&#10;A)useful&#10;B)effective&#10;C)ineffective&#10;D)teratogenic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbamazepine (Tegretol)is potentially ______ in pregnancy.&#10;A)useful&#10;B)effective&#10;C)ineffective&#10;D)teratogenic...

Question 43

Carbamazepine's benefit for bipolar disorder is thought to be due to a neural mechanism that:&#10;A)blocks the reuptake of serotonin.&#10;B)increases the release of dopamine.&#10;C)enhances GABA receptor sensitivity.&#10;D)inhibits intracellular enzyme activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbamazepine's benefit for bipolar disorder is thought...

Question 44

Lithium,valproic acid,and lamotrigine are all known to _____ GSK-3 levels,and _____ b-catenin levels.&#10;A)decrease; decrease&#10;B)decrease; increase&#10;C)increase; decrease&#10;D)increase; increase

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium,valproic acid,and lamotrigine are all known to...

Question 45

The side effects of lithium include all the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)slurred speech.&#10;B)nausea.&#10;C)ataxia.&#10;D)increased heart rate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The side effects of lithium include all...

Question 46

Presently,combination therapy for bipolar disorder is common and often involves ______ and lithium.&#10;A)benzodiazepines&#10;B)antidepressants&#10;C)Na+&#10;D)antiepileptics

Accepted Answer

The answer of Presently,combination therapy for bipolar disorder is common...

Question 47

Antiepileptics include all of the following drugs EXCEPT:&#10;A)lithium.&#10;B)carbamazepine (Tegretol).&#10;C)valproic acid (Depakote).&#10;D)lamotrigine (Lamictal).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antiepileptics include all of the following drugs...

Question 48

In long-term therapy,up to 30 percent of patients taking lithium experience:&#10;A)kidney failure.&#10;B)heart failure.&#10;C)ulcers.&#10;D)obesity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In long-term therapy,up to 30 percent of...

Question 49

Combination therapy,such as lithium and antileptic or antipsychotic,is generally _____ efficacious and _____ common compared to monotherapy&#10;A)less; less&#10;B)less; more&#10;C)more; less&#10;D)more; more

Accepted Answer

The answer of Combination therapy,such as lithium and antileptic or...

Question 50

_______ is reduced in patients on lithium therapy.&#10;A)Weight gain&#10;B)Suicidal behavior&#10;C)Tremor&#10;D)Muscle weakness

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is reduced in patients on lithium...

Question 51

Valproic acid (Depakote)and __________ have been reported to be particularly effective in combination.&#10;A)lithium&#10;B)carbamazepine (Tegretol)&#10;C)medical marijuana&#10;D)lamotrigine (Lamictal)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Valproic acid (Depakote)and __________ have been reported...

Question 52

_____-generation antiepileptic medications have been shown to be useful for treating _____.&#10;A)First; depression&#10;B)First; bipolar disorder&#10;C)Second; depression&#10;D)Second; bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____-generation antiepileptic medications have been shown to...

Question 53

A __________ is one side effect of lithium.&#10;A)skin reaction&#10;B)dry mouth&#10;C)profuse sweating&#10;D)weight loss

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ is one side effect of...

Question 54

The therapeutic range of lithium is _______ and the antidote for overdose is ______.&#10;A)wide; readily available&#10;B)extremely narrow; readily available&#10;C)wide; unavailable&#10;D)extremely narrow; unavailable

Accepted Answer

The answer of The therapeutic range of lithium is _______...

Question 55

Pharmacodynamically,lithium and valproate have been shown to protect cultured brain cells from:&#10;A)oxidative stress.&#10;B)stress associated with heat.&#10;C)disease.&#10;D)neurochemical toxins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pharmacodynamically,lithium and valproate have been shown to...

Question 56

Skin reactions to carbamazepine are especially prevalent among:&#10;A)Asians.&#10;B)Africans.&#10;C)Europeans.&#10;D)South Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Skin reactions to carbamazepine are especially prevalent...

Question 57

The nonadherence rate for lithium use is about _____ percent of bipolar patients.&#10;A)10&#10;B)25&#10;C)50&#10;D)75

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nonadherence rate for lithium use is...

Question 58

The side effects of lithium include all the following EXCEPT:&#10;A)cognitive deficits.&#10;B)motor deficits.&#10;C)dehydration.&#10;D)seizures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The side effects of lithium include all...

Question 59

Chronic lithium ingestion may cause the ______ to enlarge.&#10;A)kidneys&#10;B)adrenal glands&#10;C)heart&#10;D)thyroid

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chronic lithium ingestion may cause the ______...

Question 60

The two greatest dangers when using second-generation antiepileptic drugs are:&#10;A)anxiety and depression.&#10;B)cardiotoxicity and diabetes.&#10;C)suicides and birth defects.&#10;D)addiction and cognitive deficits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two greatest dangers when using second-generation...

Question 61

Neuropathic pain is often treated with:&#10;A)zonisamide (Zonegran).&#10;B)gabapentin (Neurontin).&#10;C)topiramate (Topamax).&#10;D)tiagabine (Gabitril).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neuropathic pain is often treated with:&#10;A)zonisamide (Zonegran).&#10;B)gabapentin...

Question 62

Compared to carbamazepine,oxcarbazepine is:&#10;A)safer with similar efficacy.&#10;B)safer with better efficacy.&#10;C)more dangerous with similar efficacy.&#10;D)more dangerous with better efficacy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared to carbamazepine,oxcarbazepine is:&#10;A)safer with similar efficacy.&#10;B)safer...

Question 63

Prevention of mania and hypomania associated with bipolar disorder involves:&#10;A)pharmacological treatment.&#10;B)ruling out liver disease as a cause of symptoms.&#10;C)psychoeducation.&#10;D)compliance with pharmacological treatment and psychoeducation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prevention of mania and hypomania associated with...

Question 64

Valproic acid affects the _______ system.&#10;A)glutamatergic&#10;B)dopaminergic&#10;C)GABAergic&#10;D)serotonergic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Valproic acid affects the _______ system.&#10;A)glutamatergic&#10;B)dopaminergic&#10;C)GABAergic&#10;D)serotonergic...

Deck 14: Drugs Used to Treat Bipolar Disorder