Deck 4: Chemical Foundations: Elements, Atoms, and Ions

Question 1

The symbol Ga stands for the element

A) gallium
B) germanium
C) gold
D) gadolinium
E) none of these

Answer 1

gallium

Question 2

The symbol for the element boron is

A) B
B) Bn
C) Be
D) Bor
E) Bm

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the most abundant element in the human body?

A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) calcium
D) oxygen
E) water

Answer 3

oxygen

Question 4

The symbol P stands for the element

A) platinum
B) palladium
C) plutonium
D) potassium
E) phosphorus

Question 5

The symbol Cd stands for the element

A) cadmium
B) candelium
C) calcium
D) cesium
E) carbon

Question 6

What is the most abundant element on the earth (including the crust, oceans, and atmosphere)?

A) silicon
B) oxygen
C) hydrogen
D) carbon
E) iron

Question 7

The symbol for the element titanium is

A) T
B) Tt
C) Ti
D) Tm
E) Tn

Question 8

Four of the most important elements on this planet are hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. Give the symbol for each of these elements.
a. hydrogen ______________
b. oxygen ______________
c. carbon ______________
d. nitrogen ______________

Question 9

The symbol for the element zinc is

A) Zn
B) Z
C) Zi
D) Zc
E) Zin

Question 10

Write the name for Kr. ______________

Question 11

The symbol N stands for the element

A) nitrogen
B) nickel
C) neon
D) nobelium
E) niobium

Question 12

The symbol Fe stands for the element

A) francium
B) fluorine
C) fermium
D) tin
E) iron

Question 13

The symbol for the element strontium is

A) S
B) St
C) Sm
D) Str
E) Sr

Question 14

Write the name for Zr. ______________

Question 15

Write the name for K. ______________

Question 16

The symbol for aluminum is

A) A
B) Am
C) Al
D) Au
E) An

Question 17

The symbol for the element cesium is

A) Cs
B) Cm
C) Ca
D) Cr
E) Cu

Question 18

The symbol for lead is

A) Ld
B) Pb
C) P
D) L
E) Le

Question 19

The symbol for the element iodine is

A) Io
B) In
C) Id
D) I
E) Ie

Question 20

The symbol Sn stands for the element

A) sulfur
B) strontium
C) silicon
D) tin
E) sodium

Question 21

Which of the following statements are true? I. Models are always wrong unless they are proved by a theory.
II) Elements, such as lead, are made of tiny particles that mostly consist of open space.
III) The air you breathe is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.
IV) Because NH₃ always contains the same relative numbers of atoms, it will always contain 4.6 g of nitrogen for every 1.0 g of hydrogen.

A) II only
B) II, IV
C) I, II, IV
D) I, III
E) All of the above statements are true.

Question 22

Write the symbol for manganese. ______________

Question 23

Which statement below is incorrect?

A) Dalton's statement "All atoms of a given element are identical" is no longer accepted because of the existence of isotopes and ions.
B) O₃ (ozone) is considered a molecule but is not considered an element.
C) One mole of aluminum is equal to the number of aluminum atoms in 26.98 g of aluminum.
D) Gases behave the most ideally at high temperatures and low pressures.
E) At least two of the above statements (a-d) are incorrect.

Question 24

How many atoms of hydrogen are in five molecules of C₅H₆Cl?

A) 30
B) 5 x 10²³
C) 6
D) 10 x 10²³
E) 6 x 10²³

Question 25

Which of the following does Dalton's Atomic Theory not address?

A) Hydrogen and oxygen gas combine to form water.
B) H₂O₂ consists of 16 g of oxygen for every 1 g of hydrogen.
C) The seat you are sitting on is made up of atoms.
D) Hydrogen ignites in an open flame but helium does not.
E) The relative mass of a carbon atom is about 12 times that of hydrogen.

Question 26

Write the symbol for carbon. ______________

Question 27

Co is the symbol for

A) carbon
B) cobalt
C) carbon monoxide
D) carboxide
E) chlorine

Question 28

Write the symbol for calcium. ______________

Question 29

The total number of oxygen atoms indicated by the formula Cu₃(PO₄)₂ is

A) 8
B) 4
C) 12
D) 16
E) 11

Question 30

The symbol for nitrogen is

A) Na
B) N
C) Ng
D) Ni
E) none of these

Question 31

How many of the following did Dalton not discuss in his atomic theory? isotopes
Ions
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 32

In chemistry, a formula is used to represent

A) a compound
B) an element
C) a metal
D) all of these
E) none of these

Question 33

The symbol for the element mercury is

A) Hg
B) Mg
C) He
D) Mn
E) none of these

Question 34

How many hydrogen atoms are indicated by the formula (NH₄)₂C₆H₈O₂?

A) 16
B) 8
C) 12
D) 14
E) 24

Question 35

The symbol for copper is

A) Cr
B) C
C) Co
D) Cu
E) none of these

Question 36

Write the symbol for cobalt. ______________

Question 37

How many atoms are represented by one formula unit of aluminum chromate, Al₂(CrO₄)₃?

A) 17
B) 15
C) 21
D) 3
E) none of these

Question 38

Write the symbol for lead. ______________

Question 39

Si is the symbol for

A) silver
B) silicon
C) selenium
D) sodium
E) sulfur

Question 40

Write the name for Ag. ______________

Question 41

How many atoms of oxygen are in one formula unit of calcium dihydrogen phosphate?

A) 8
B) 4
C) 6
D) 9
E) 7

Question 42

Which particle has the smallest mass?

A) neutron
B) proton
C) electron
D) helium nucleus

Question 43

Which atomic particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom?

A) proton
B) electron
C) neutron
D) nucleus
E) none of these

Question 44

How many nitrogen atoms are indicated by the formula Al(NO₂)₃?

A) 3
B) 1
C) 6
D) 4
E) 0

Question 45

The first scientist to develop the theory that all atoms of a given element are identical was

A) John Dalton
B) J. J. Thomson
C) Lord Kelvin
D) Ernest Rutherford
E) James Chadwick

Question 46

An element's most stable ion forms an ionic compound with chlorine having the formula XCl₂. If the ion of element X has a mass of 89 and 36 electrons, what is the identity of the element, and how many neutrons does it have?

A) Kr, 53 neutrons
B) Kr, 55 neutrons
C) Se, 55 neutrons
D) Sr, 51 neutrons
E) Rb, 52 neutrons

Question 47

How many protons, electrons, and neutrons, respectively, does have?

A) 8, 18, 8
B) 8, 8, 8
C) 8, 10, 8
D) 8, 14, 8
E) 8, 18, 16

Question 48

Which of the following statements is/are true? I. John Dalton provided the first experimental support for the atom.
II) Ernest Rutherford proved the existence of a nucleus by shooting positively charged particles at a thin gold-foil sheet.
III) J. J. Thompson proved that electrons travel in elliptical orbits around the nucleus.
IV) Energy in an atom is quantized, so when electrons fall to their ground state, white light can be observed.

A) I, II
B) I, III
C) I, II, III
D) II, IV
E) All of the above statements (I - IV) are correct.

Question 49

The total number of atoms represented by the formula Co₃(PO₄)₂ is

A) 13
B) 11
C) 8
D) 17
E) 6

Question 50

Which of the following statements are true? I. The number of protons in an element is the same for all neutral atoms of that element.
II) The number of electrons in an element is the same for all neutral atoms of that element.
III) The number of neutrons in an element is the same for all neutral atoms of that element.

A) I, II, and III are all true.
B) Only I and II are true.
C) Only II and III are true.
D) Only I and III are true.
E) I, II, and III are all false.

Question 51

The chemical formula Al₂O₃ indicates

A) two atoms of aluminum and three atoms of oxygen
B) three atoms of aluminum and two atoms of oxygen
C) six atoms of each element
D) five atoms of each element
E) None of these is correct.

Question 52

How many phosphorus atoms are represented by one formula unit of cobalt(II) phosphate, Co₃(PO₄)₂?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
E) 1

Question 53

The chemical formula Ga₂O₃ indicates

A) two atoms of gallium and three atoms of oxygen
B) three atoms of gallium and two atoms of oxygen
C) six atoms of each element
D) five atoms of each element
E) none of these

Question 54

The number of neutrons in one atom of is

A) 124
B) 80
C) 204
D) 284
E) none of these

Question 55

How many protons, electrons, and neutrons, respectively, does ⁴⁵Sc²⁺ have?

A) 21, 19, 24
B) 21, 21, 24
C) 19, 21, 26
D) 21, 19, 45
E) 19, 21, 24

Question 56

List the three main subatomic particles.

Question 57

Which of the following contains the largest number of oxygen atoms?

A) 4H₂O
B) 3CO₂
C) O₃
D) H₂SO₄
E) Al(NO₃)₃

Question 58

Mendeleev is credited with the modern atomic theory of atoms.

Question 59

An atom with 15 protons and 16 neutrons is an atom of

A) P
B) Ga
C) S
D) Pd
E) Rh

Question 60

How many protons, electrons, and neutrons, respectively, does ³¹P have?

A) 15, 15, 16
B) 15, 16, 15
C) 16, 15, 31
D) 15, 15, 31
E) 15, 31, 16

Question 61

How many electrons are present in a bromine atom with a mass number of 87?

A) 35
B) 87
C) 122
D) 52
E) 6.02 *10²³

Question 62

Which of these are isotopes of hydrogen?

A) "¹²C and ¹³C"
B) "²H and He"
C) "⁴²K and ⁴⁰K"
D) "³H and ²H"
E) "Li⁺ and He"

Question 63

A certain isotope X²⁺ contains 37 electrons and 73 neutrons. What is the mass number for this element?

A) 112
B) 110
C) 108
D) 39
E) 35

Question 64

How many neutrons are there in one atom of ?

A) 22
B) 24
C) 46
D) 68
E) none of these

Question 65

The average mass of a boron atom is 10.81. Assuming you were able to isolate only one boron atom, the chance that you would randomly get one with a mass of 10.81 is

A) 0%
B) 0.81%
C) about 11%
D) 10.81%
E) greater than 50%

Question 66

The atom with 69 neutrons and 50 protons has a mass number of

A) 69
B) 50
C) 19
D) 119
E) cannot be determined from information given

Question 67

An atom that has 54 protons, 54 electrons, and 78 neutrons is

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 68

The mass number of an atom equals

A) the number of neutrons per atom
B) the atomic mass of the element
C) the atomic number of the element
D) the number of protons plus the number of neutrons per atom
E) none of the above

Question 69

Determine the number of protons and neutrons in Cu-63.

Question 70

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called its

A) mass number
B) valence
C) isotope number
D) atomic number
E) none of these

Question 71

Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an atom of Sn-118.

Question 72

Identify each of the following.
a. The heaviest noble gas
b. The transition metal that has 24 electrons as a +3 ion
c. The halogen in the third period
d. The alkaline earth metal that has 18 electrons as a stable ion

Question 73

Give the symbol and number of neutrons for an element with atomic number 26 and mass number 56.

Question 74

Choose the pair in which the components have the same charge.

A) a proton and a hydrogen atom
B) a hydrogen atom and an electron
C) a neutron and a hydrogen atom
D) an electron and a neutron

Question 75

Which pair have approximately the same mass?

A) a hydrogen, , and a deuterium, , atom
B) a neutron and an electron
C) a proton and a neutron
D) an electron and a proton

Question 76

Determine the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an atom of Rb-85.

Question 77

The number of protons in is

A) 80
B) 120
C) 200
D) dependent on ionic charge
E) unknown

Question 78

How many neutrons are contained in an iodine nucleus with a mass number of 131?

A) 53
B) 74
C) 78
D) 127
E) 131

Question 79

How many electrons are present in a tin atom with a mass number of 119?

A) 50
B) 119
C) 169
D) 69
E) 6.02 *10²³

Question 80

The number of neutrons in is

A) 10
B) 9
C) 7
D) 4
E) 3