Deck 1: Introduction to Computers, the Internet and Java

Question 1

Which of the following statements is false?

A) A quadrillion-instruction-per-section computer can perform in one second more than 100,000 instructions for every person on the planet.
B) Today's key programming methodology is object-oriented programming.
C) The vast majority of the microprocessors produced each year are used in general-purpose computers.
D) Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programs..

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

A) When you drive a car, pressing its gas pedal sends a message to the car to perform a task-that is, to go faster.
B) You send messages to an object; each message is implemented as a method call that tells a method of the object to perform its task.
C) A program might call a bank-account object's deposit method to increase the account's balance.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false?

A) An object's attributes are specified as part of the object's class.
B) A bank-account object would likely have a balance attribute that represents the amount of money in the account.
C) Each bank-account object knows the balance in the account it represents, but not the balances of the other accounts in the bank.
D) Attributes are specified by the class's methods.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which edition of Java is geared toward developing large-scale, distributed networking applications and web-based applications?

A) Standard Edition.
B) Industrial Edition.
C) Enterprise Edition.
D) Micro Edition.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Performing a task in a program requires a method.
B) A method houses the program statements that actually perform its tasks.
C) The method hides its statements from its user, just as the accelerator pedal of a car hides from the driver the mechanisms of making the car go faster. d All of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Computers can perform calculations and make logical decisions phenomenally faster than human beings can.
B) Supercomputers are already performing thousands of trillions (quadrillions) of instructions per second.
C) Unfortunately, silicon is expensive, so it has made computing more costly.
D) Computers process data under the control of sequences of instructions called computer programs.

Question 7

Which of the following is most closely associated with Moore's Law?

A) Every year or two, the price of computers has approximately doubled.
B) Object-oriented programming uses less memory than previous software-development methodologies.
C) Demand for communications bandwidth is decreasing dramatically each year.
D) Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled without any increase in price.

Question 8

Which statement is false?

A) Classes are reusable software components.
B) A class is to an object as a blueprint is to a house.
C) Performing a task in a program requires a method.
D) A class is an instance of its object.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Object-oriented programming is today's key programming methodology.
B) Java has become the language of choice for implementing Internet-based applications and software for devices that communicate over a network.
C) Software commands computer hardware to perform tasks.
D) In use today are more than a trillion general-purpose computers and trillions more Java-enabled cellphones, smartphones and other handheld devices.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Classes (and their objects) encapsulate, i.e., encase, their attributes and methods.
B) A class's (and its object's) attributes and methods are intimately related.
C) For objects to communicate effectively with one another, each must know how the other object is implemented.
D) Information hiding is crucial to good software engineering.

Question 11

Which of the following data items are arranged from the smallest to the largest in the data hierarchy.

A) records, characters, fields, bits, files.
B) bits, files, fields, records, characters.
C) fields, characters, bits, files, records.
D) bits, characters, fields, records, files.

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the three general types of computer languages?

A) Machine languages.
B) Assembly languages.
C) High-Level languages.
D) Spoken languages.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Each class can be used only once to build many objects.
B) Reuse helps you build more reliable and effective systems, because existing classes and components often have undergone extensive testing, debugging and performance tuning.
C) Just as the notion of interchangeable parts was crucial to the Industrial Revolution, reusable classes are crucial to the software revolution that has been spurred by object technology.
D) Avoid reinventing the wheel-use existing high-quality pieces wherever possible. This software reuse is a key benefit of object-oriented programming.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Interpreted programs run faster than compiled programs.
B) Compilers translate high-level language programs into machine language programs.
C) Interpreter programs typically use machine language as input.
D) None of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Operating systems are software systems that make using computers more convenient for users, application developers and system administrators.
B) Operating systems provide services that allow each application to execute safely, efficiently and concurrently (i.e., in parallel) with other applications.
C) Popular desktop operating systems include Linux and Windows.
D) Popular mobile operating systems used in smartphones and/or tablets include Google's Android, Apple's iOS (for its iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch devices), Windows Phone 8 and Mac OS X.

Question 16

Which of the following is not one of the six logical units of a computer?

A) Input unit.
B) Output unit.
C) Central processing unit.
D) Printer.

Question 17

________ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe real-world objects.

A) Object-oriented programming
B) Object-oriented design
C) Procedural programming
D) None of the above

Question 18

A new class of objects can be created conveniently by ________; the new class (called the ________) starts with the characteristics of an existing class (called the ________), possibly customizing them and adding unique characteristicsof its own.

A) inheritance, superclass, subclass.
B) composition, subclass, superclass
C) inheritance, subclass, superclass
D) composition, superclass, subclass

Question 19

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Speaking to your computer is a form of input.
B) Playing a video is an example of output.
C) A multi-core processor implements several processors on a single integrated-circuit chip.
D) Information in the memory unit is persistent-it is retained when the computer's power is turned off.

Question 20

________ is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry stan?dard notation to represent them.

A) The Unified Graphical Laguage
B) The Unified Design Language
C) The Unified Modeling Language
D) None of the above

Question 21

Which of the following statements about Java Class Libraries is false:

A) Java class libraries consist of classes that consist of methods that perform tasks.
B) Java class libraries are also known as Java APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).
C) An advantage of using Java class libraries is saving the effort of designing, developing and testing new classes.
D) Java class libraries are not portable

Question 22

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Apple, founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, quickly became a leader in personal computing.
B) The Objective-C programming language, created by Brad Cox and Tom Love at Stepstone in the early 1980s, added capabilities for object-oriented programming (OOP) to the C programming language.
C) Apple's macOS operating system is a descendant of Microsoft Windows.
D) Apple's proprietary operating system, iOS, is derived from Apple's macOS and is used in the iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Apple Watch and Apple TV devices.

Question 23

Which of the following languages is used primarily for scientific and engineering applications?

A) Fortran.
B) COBOL.
C) Pascal.
D) Basic.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is false?

A) The ARPANET is the precursor to today's Internet.
B) Today's fastest Internet speeds are on the order of trillionsof bits per second with quadrillion-bit-per-second speeds on the horizon.
C) Although the ARPANET enabled researchers to network their computers, its main benefit proved to be the capability for quick and easy communication via what came to be known as electronic mail (e-mail).
D) The protocol (set of rules) for communicating over the ARPANET became known as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). TCP ensured that messages, consisting of sequentially numbered pieces called packets, were properly routed from sender to receiver, arrived intact and were assembled in the correct order.

Question 25

The software that contains the core components of the operating system is the ________.

A) colonel.
B) central processing unit
C) core
D) kernel.

Question 26

Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in:

A) Objective-C.
B) C or C++.
C) Visual C#.
D) Ada.

Question 27

Which of the following statements is false?

A) The command window in Windows is called a Command Prompt.
B) The command window in OS X is called a Terminal.
C) The command window in Linux is called the shell.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 28

Which software product release category is "generally feature complete and supposedly bug free, and ready for use by the community?"

A) Alpha.
B) Beta.
C) Release candidate.
D) Continuous beta.

Question 29

To change to the completed application's directory, we opened a command window and used the ________ command to change to the directory (also called a folder) for the Painter application.

A) chge
B) cdir
C) cd
D) changeDirectory

Question 30

Java was originally developed for:

A) Operating systems development.
B) Intelligent consumer devices.
C) Personal computers.
D) Distributed computing.

Question 31

Which of the following statements is false?

A) The Ajax applications-development methodology enables you to rapidly develop powerful software applications by combining (often free) complementary web services and other forms of information feeds.
B) One of the first mashups combined the real-estate listings provided by www.craigslist.org with the mapping capabilities of Google Maps to offer maps that showed the locations of homes for sale or rent in a given area.
C) Twitter offers microblogging web services.
D) Foursquare offers mobile check-in web services.

Question 32

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Android-the fastest-growing mobile and smartphone operating system-is based on the Windows kernel and uses Java.
B) Android is open source and free.
C) Android smartphones include the functionality of a mobile phone, Internet client (for web browsing and Internet communication), MP3 player, gaming console, digital camera and more.
D) Android handheld devices feature full-color multitouch screens which allow you to control the device with gestures involving one touch or multiple simultaneous touches.

Question 33

Which language was developed by Microsoft in the early 1990s to simplify the development of Windows applications?

A) Visual C#.
B) Python.
C) Objective-C.
D) Visual Basic.

Question 34

________ is a communications protocol used to send information over the web.

A) HyperText Markup Language (HTML).
B) URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
C) Web 2.0
D) TCP/IP

Question 35

To run the Painter application, we used the java command, followed by the name of the application's ________ file. (in this case Painter).

A) .java
B) .class
C) .exe
D) .obj

Question 36

A huge variety of networking hardware and software appeared. One challenge was to enable these different networks to communicate with each other. ARPA accomplished this by developing the ________, which created a true "network of networks," the current architecture of the Internet.

A) Web Protocol (WP)
B) ARPA Protocol (AP)
C) Internet Protocol (IP)
D) Newrok Protocol (NP)

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true?

A) The Internet is just a network of computers.
B) The internet is now an Internet of Things.
C) Each thing in the Internet of things is an object with an IP address.
D) Each thing in the Internet of Things must have the ability to send data automatically over a network.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a key organization in the open-source community?

A) Apache.
B) Mozilla.
C) Firefox.
D) Eclipse.

Question 39

________ involves reworking programs to make them clearer and easier to maintain while preserving their correctness and functionality.

A) Object-oriented programming
B) Refactoring
C) Agile software development
D) LAMP

Question 40

The .class extension on a file means that the file:

A) Contains java source code
B) Contains HTML
C) is produced by the Java compiler (javac).
D) None of the above.