Deck 13: Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers

Question 1

A young child has just arrived at the emergency department after ingestion of aspirin at home. The practitioner has ordered activated charcoal. The nurse administers charcoal in which way?

A) Administer through a nasogastric tube because the child will not drink it because of the taste.
B) Serve in a clear plastic cup so the child can see how much has been drunk.
C) Give half of the solution, and then give the other half in 1 hour.
D) Serve in an opaque container with a straw.

Answer 1

Serve in an opaque container with a straw.

Question 2

A nurse is teaching parents methods to reduce lead levels in their home. Which should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

A) Plant bushes around the outside of the house.
B) Ensure your child eats frequent meals.
C) Use hot water from the tap when boiling vegetables.
D) Food can be stored in ceramic in the refrigerator.
E) Ensure that your child's diet contains sufficient iron and calcium.

Answer 2

Plant bushes around the outside of the house.
Ensure your child eats frequent meals.
Ensure that your child's diet contains sufficient iron and calcium.

Question 3

Which is a common characteristic of those who sexually abuse children?

A) Pressure victim into secrecy
B) Are usually unemployed and unmarried
C) Are unknown to victims and victims' families
D) Have many victims that are each abused once only

Answer 3

Pressure victim into secrecy

Question 4

At what blood level is chelation therapy for lead poisoning initiated in a child?

A) 10 to 14 g/dl
B) 15 to 19 g/dl
C) 20 to 44 g/dl
D) ³45 g/dl

Question 5

The home health nurse is planning care for a 3-year-old boy who has Down syndrome and is receiving continuous oxygen. He recently began walking around furniture. He is spoon-fed by his parents and eats some finger foods. Which is the most appropriate goal to promote normal development?

A) Encourage mobility.
B) Encourage assistance in self-care.
C) Promote oral-motor development.
D) Provide opportunities for socialization.

Question 6

Which is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?

A) Hyperpyrexia
B) Hepatic involvement
C) Severe burning pain in stomach
D) Drooling and inability to clear secretions

Question 7

What is the result of acute salicylate (ASA, aspirin) poisoning?

A) Chemical pneumonitis
B) Hepatic damage
C) Retractions and grunting
D) Disorientation and loss of consciousness

Question 8

A nurse is beginning chelation therapy on a child for lead poisoning. Which intervention should the nurse implement during the time the child is receiving chelation therapy?

A) Calorie counts
B) Strict intake and output
C) Telemetry monitoring
D) Contact isolation

Question 9

The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. Which clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product?

A) Tinnitus
B) Disorientation
C) Stupor, lethargy, coma
D) Edema of lips, tongue, pharynx

Question 10

A young boy is found squirting lighter fluid into his mouth. His father calls the emergency department. The nurse taking the call should know that the primary danger is which result?

A) Hepatic dysfunction
B) Dehydration secondary to vomiting
C) Esophageal stricture and shock
D) Bronchitis and chemical pneumonia

Question 11

Which is the most frequent source of acute childhood lead poisoning?

A) Folk remedies
B) Unglazed pottery
C) Lead-based paint
D) Cigarette butts and ashes

Question 12

A 3-month-old infant dies shortly after arrival to the emergency department. The infant has subdural and retinal hemorrhages but no external signs of trauma. What should the nurse suspect?

A) Unintentional injury
B) Shaken-baby syndrome
C) Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
D) Congenital neurologic problem

Question 13

A child has been admitted to the emergency department with an acetaminophen (Tylenol) poisoning. An antidote is being prescribed by the health care provider. Which antidote should the nurse prepare to administer?

A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
C) Flumazenil (Romazicon)
D) Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind)

Question 14

Which describes a child who is abused by the parent(s)?

A) Unintentionally contributes to the abusing situation
B) Belongs to a low socioeconomic population
C) Is healthier than the nonabused siblings
D) Abuses siblings in the same way as child is abused by the parent(s)

Question 15

Place in order the correct sequence for emergency treatment of poisoning in a child. Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d).

A) Locate the poison.
B) Assess the child.
C) Prevent absorption of poison.
D) Terminate exposure to the toxic substance.

Question 16

Which is probably the most important criterion on which to base the decision to report suspected child abuse?

A) Inappropriate parental concern for the degree of injury
B) Absence of parents for questioning about child's injuries
C) Inappropriate response of child
D) Incompatibility between the history and injury observed