Deck 12: Pregnancy and Childbirth

Question 1

All early pregnancy tests are based on:

A)examining the uterus
B)the menstrual cycle
C)detecting human chorionic gonadotropin
D)detecting Hegar's sign

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Three of your co-workers are pregnant.(It must be the water!)Jan is very thin; Betty is average weight; Ellen is plump.How much weight should Jan _____; Betty _____; and Ellen _____ each gain?

A)Each should gain all the weight she wants.
B)about 30 pounds each
C)40; 25 - 35; 15
D)45: 20; lose 10
E)Each should gain as little as possible.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Darkening of vaginal tissues and of cervical mucous membranes is a/an _____ sign of pregnancy?

A)presumptive
B)probable
C)positive
D)express

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Although exposure at any time prenatally is potentially harmful,the baby is most vulnerable to the effects of teratogens:

A)during the last trimester
B)after 22 weeks
C)during the first 2 to 3 months
D)immediately before birth

Question 5

Morning sickness is a/an _____ sign of pregnancy?

A)presumptive
B)probable
C)positive
D)express

Question 6

The due date for a pregnancy is calculated from the ______.

A)first day of the last menstrual period
B)last day of the last menstrual period
C)ovulation date
D)conception date

Question 7

According to U.S.Census statistics,

A)young women are significantly more likely than older women to receive early prenatal care.
B)in comparison with older women,teenagers are less likely to delay prenatal care at all stages of pregnancy.
C)women who intended to become pregnant are more likely to seek early care than those whose pregnancies were unwanted.
D)teenagers are more likely to seek care during the third month of pregnancy.

Question 8

What percentage of women have their babies within a two-week period before or after the anticipated day of birth?

A)46%
B)58%
C)67%
D)80%

Question 9

Suzie should have started her menstrual period two days ago; she wonders if she is pregnant.She takes a home pregnancy test and gets a negative result.What does this mean?

A)She definitely is NOT pregnant.
B)She should retest immediately to be sure.She may have done the test incorrectly.
C)She should retest in about a week to be sure.
D)She should retest immediately with a different brand of test kit.Some are more accurate than others.
E)B and D

Question 10

Which ethnic/racial group has the highest rate of late/no prenatal care?

A)Mexican American
B)Native American
C)African American
D)European American

Question 11

Ordinarily,which period of development is considered the MOST crucial to the good health of the fetus?

A)first 3 months
B)second 3 months
C)last 3 months
D)second half of the pregnancy

Question 12

Using Naegele's formula for calculating the expected date of birth involves:

A)adding 9 months from the time of the last menstrual period.
B)adding 9 months from the time of the last menstrual period and subtracting 7 days
C)subtracting 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period,then adding 7 days.
D)subtracting 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period.

Question 13

Presumptive signs of pregnancy include all EXCEPT which of the following?

A)cessation of menstruation
B)frequent urination
C)sleepiness
D)enlargement of abdomen and uterus

Question 14

Even though many pregnant women use prenatal care,some _____ of expectant women receive late care (last trimester)or no care at all.

A)16%
B)10%
C)8%
D)4%

Question 15

HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)is secreted by the ______ and used in pregnancy tests.

A)ovary
B)pituitary
C)placenta
D)hypothalamus

Question 16

Any agent that disrupts prenatal development is called a:

A)preeclampsia agent
B)teratogen
C)transverse agent
D)prepartum disruptor

Question 17

Cessation of menstruation is a _____ sign of pregnancy.

A)probable
B)presumptive
C)negative
D)positive

Question 18

A positive sign of pregnancy is:

A)the fetal heartbeat
B)a positive pregnancy test
C)enlargement of abdomen and uterus
D)Chadwick's sign.

Question 19

The National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism considers more than _____ drinks/day to be a significant risk; as few as _____ drinks/week may do damage.

A)3; 5
B)3; 3
C)2; 2
D)1; 1

Question 20

About _____% of children born to mothers who drank excessively in pregnancy have fetal alcohol syndrome.

A)75 - 90
B)60 - 70
C)40 - 50
D)15 - 30

Question 21

Which of the following is considered a minor side effect of pregnancy?

A)placenta previa
B)varicose v.eins
C)toxemia
D)Rh incompatibility

Question 22

Which of the following complications of pregnancy is dangerous PRIMARILY to the baby?

A)abruptio placentae
B)toxemia
C)placenta previa
D)Rh incompatibility

Question 23

In _____,the placenta is attached close to or covering the cervix.

A)placental abruption
B)placenta previa
C)preeclampsia
D)ectopic placentae

Question 24

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the ovum is implanted:

A)in the fallopian tube
B)in the abdomen
C)at the cervix
D)all
E)A and B

Question 25

Spontaneous abortions (miscarriages)occur in one out of every _______ pregnancies.

A)five or six
B)eight
C)ten
D)twelve or thirteen

Question 26

What is the PRIMARY cause of first-trimester miscarriages?

A)structural problems of the uterus
B)acute infections
C)genetic abnormalities of the fetus
D)hormonal imbalances

Question 27

Which of the following is a normal side effect of pregnancy?

A)backache
B)severe headaches
C)blurring of vision
D)vaginal bleeding

Question 28

Treatment for pregnancy-induced hypertension typically includes:

A)bed rest and monitoring
B)medication
C)delivery of the baby as soon as possible (by c-section or induction)
D)all of these
E)B and C

Question 29

Which of the following is considered a major complication of pregnancy?

A)uterine contractions
B)toxemia
C)varicose veins
D)shortness of breath

Question 30

The biggest threat to the mother in placenta previa is:

A)prolonged labor
B)need for a c-section
C)severe bleeding during labor (potentially fatal)
D)eclampsia

Question 31

_____ is the dangerous elevation of blood pressure in a pregnant woman

A)pregnancy-induced hypertension
B)preeclampsia
C)toxemia
D)all of these

Question 32

_____ is the leading cause of birth defects in the U.S.and the primary preventable cause of mental retardation.

A)smoking
B)fetal alcohol syndrome
C)toxoplasmosis
D)illegal drug use

Question 33

It has been suggested that prolonged nervous and emotional disturbance of the expectant mother is associated with:

A)no harmful effects
B)maternal ulcers
C)premature delivery
D)higher birth weights

Question 34

Pregnant women may experience fatigue and mood swings because of:

A)movement of the fetus
B)growth of the fetus
C)hormonal changes
D)pressure of the uterus on the stomach

Question 35

Rh incompatibility between the mother and her fetus happens when the mother has:

A)Rh-negative blood and the fetus has Rh-negative blood.
B)Rh-negative blood and the fetus has Rh-positive blood.
C)Rh-positive blood and the fetus has Rh-negative blood.
D)Rh-positive blood and the fetus has Rh-positive blood.

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a condition that could make sexual intercourse during pregnancy dangerous?

A)vaginal bleeding
B)previous miscarriage
C)nausea in early pregnancy
D)watery discharge (amniotic fluid)from vagina

Question 37

The American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs recommends that a pregnant or breast-feeding woman take NO medication unless:

A)it is essential and after consultation with her obstetrician
B)she has taken it safely before pregnancy
C)it is prescribed by any doctor
D)it is an over-the-counter medication (These are not strong enough to be harmful.)
E)all of these

Question 38

Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus - usually because of maternal hypertension or trauma - is called:

A)placental abruption
B)placenta previa
C)preeclampsia
D)PIH

Question 39

Which of the following is a sign of potential serious complications of pregnancy?

A)leg cramps
B)varicose veins
C)vaginal bleeding
D)nausea

Question 40

Most research suggests that during pregnancy there is a(n)_____ in sexual desire and frequency of sexual intercourse from the _____.

A)increase; time of conception until birth
B)decrease; time of conception until the second trimester
C)increase; time of conception until the third trimester
D)decrease; first to the third trimester

Question 41

The fertilized ovum is called:

A)a cilium
B)an embryo
C)a zygote
D)a fetus

Question 42

Labor usually begins with contractions at about ____ minute intervals that decrease to _____ minutes apart.

A)30; 5 -10
B)20; 5 - 10
C)15; 1 - 3
D)5: 1 - 3

Question 43

What is the effect on labor if the amniotic sac breaks prior to the onset of labor?

A)There is no effect on labor.
B)Labor will commence in 6 to 24 hours if the woman is within a few days of term.
C)If not near term,labor will commence within one week.
D)Labor usually takes a lot longer.

Question 44

The developing human is (first)clearly human by the end of the:

A)germinal period
B)embryonic period
C)fetal period
D)zygotic period

Question 45

_______ occurs when the ________ attaches to the wall of the uterus.

A)Fertilization; zygote
B)Fertilization; blastocyst
C)Implantation; blastocyst
D)Implantation; embryo

Question 46

In which order do the events of labor occur?

A)dilation,birth,passage of the placenta
B)birth,dilation,discharge of show
C)dilation,birth rupture of amniotic sac
D)dilation,discharge of show,birth

Question 47

By the end of the _____ period,at about age _____,all the major body systems are present.

A)germinal; 2 weeks
B)embryonic; 8 weeks
C)fetal; 3 months
D)gestational; 6 months

Question 48

The first sign of labor beginning can be any of the following EXCEPT:

A)uterine contractions
B)passage of placenta
C)rupture of amniotic sac
D)discharge of show

Question 49

The fetal period lasts from:

A)week 9 to birth
B)week 22 to birth
C)month 6 to 9
D)week 2 to 8

Question 50

The Lamaze method of childbirth allows women to:

A)have a pain-free labor
B)give birth without a labor coach
C)work with the labor process
D)give birth at home

Question 51

One of the most popular childbirth training methods,which originated in Russia and was brought to the United States,is the __________ method.

A)Lamaze
B)Dick-Read
C)Kitzinger
D)Spock

Question 52

The process of cell division begins about _____ after fertilization.

A)five hours
B)ten hours
C)thirty hours
D)one week

Question 53

Fetal movement can usually be detected by the __________ month of pregnancy.

A)2nd to 3rd
B)4th to 5th
C)6th to 7th
D)8th to 9th

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT part of the Lamaze method of childbirth training?

A)education about birth
B)physical conditioning
C)body massage
D)controlled breathing

Question 55

Which of the following is a sign that labor is about to begin or has already begun?

A)muscular contractions 3 to 4 minutes apart
B)discharge of blood-tinted mucus plug
C)severe headache
D)dilation of cervix

Question 56

By age 22 to 28 weeks,the fetus has reached the age of viability.This means he or she

A)will have a chance to survive if born early but will require medical intervention
B)is especially vulnerable to the effects of teratogens
C)is at the stage of twinning (twin formation and separation)
D)will survive if born early without any need for medical intervention

Question 57

Hormonal changes in the mother's body begin:

A)as soon as the egg is fertilized.
B)during the embryonic period
C)during the fetal period
D)after the second or third week

Question 58

The first stage of labor involves _____; it is the _____ in duration.

A)dilation of the cervix; shortest
B)dilation of the cervix; longest
C)birth of the baby; shortest
D)birth of baby; longest

Question 59

Ashley has just learned she is pregnant (about 1 month)and is anxious to know if her baby is a boy or girl.How soon can she find out by ultrasound?

A)immediately
B)2 to 3 months
C)4 to 5 months
D)6 months

Question 60

Which of the following prenatal development periods takes place from 2 weeks to 8 weeks after conception?

A)germinal period
B)embryonic period
C)fetal period
D)zygote period

Question 61

About _____ of postpartum women experience the "baby blues" whereas _____ experience symptoms consistent with major depressive disorder.

A)95%; 50%
B)50%; 30%
C)50%; 15%
D)35%; 5%

Question 62

After a baby is born,the first thing that needs to be done is to:

A)cut the umbilical cord
B)put drops in the eyes to prevent infection from an STD
C)stimulate the baby to breathe if he/she does not breathe spontaneously
D)give an Apgar score

Question 63

Bella and her husband have an indoor cat.Now that Bella is pregnant,her husband should empty the litter pan.

Question 64

Probable signs of pregnancy are more objective than presumptive signs.

Question 65

Physical closeness between mother and newborn strengthens the emotional ties between them.This is called:

A)bonding
B)postpartum fulfillment
C)Oedipal satisfaction
D)somatic security

Question 66

On average,couples resume sexual intercourse about _____ postpartum.

A)7 days
B)7 weeks
C)7 months
D)17 weeks

Question 67

Mood changes during and after pregnancy can be caused by changing hormone levels,genetics,low thyroid activity,and:

A)ambivalence about motherhood
B)negative feelings about the baby
C)mental instability
D)lack of sleep

Question 68

Pregnant women need about twice as many calories as non-pregnant women.

Question 69

A woman who has had a miscarriage will probably not be able to have other babies.

Question 70

Which of the following is NOT a usual reason for performing a cesarean section?

A)diabetes
B)difficult labor
C)emotional instability of mother
D)sexually transmitted disease in the mother

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT included as a measurement of a baby's physical condition at birth as part of the Apgar Score?

A)heart rate
B)respiratory effort
C)muscle tone
D)blood pressure

Question 72

Exercise in moderation is advised during pregnancy; it does not harm the baby.

Question 73

Overall,women who want to be mothers love being pregnant.

Question 74

A pregnant woman should not smoke; however,second-hand smoke is not dangerous to the baby.

Question 75

When the buttocks or feet are the first part of the baby to pass through the vagina/birth canal,this is called:

A)breech birth
B)transverse presentation
C)fetal presentation
D)transposed birth

Question 76

The third stage of labor:

A)involves the dilation stage.
B)begins upon completion of dilation.
C)begins with the birth of the baby.
D)involves the passage of the placenta.

Question 77

If the mom-to-be's diet is inadequate,she will experience negative consequences,but the baby will get all the nutrients he or she needs.

Question 78

Blood tests to detect HCG are very accurate earlier in pregnancy,but are expensive.

Question 79

Part of the woman's reaction to her pregnancy depends on the reaction of her partner.

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT established by research as a benefit of longer maternity and paternity leaves?

A)more active involvement with the baby
B)fewer marital problems
C)less depression
D)financial problems