Deck 6: Basic Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The function of both hair and nails is:

A) Protection
B) Cosmetic
C) Convenience
D) Warmth

Answer 1

Protection

Question 2

The basic unit of biological organization is the:

A) Tissue
B) Molecule
C) Atom
D) Cell

Answer 2

Cell

Question 3

Cells with similar structure and function are arranged in groups called:

A) Tissues
B) Systems
C) Cavities
D) Glands

Answer 3

Tissues

Question 4

The tissue responsible for conveying an electrical stimulus is the:

A) Gland
B) Heart
C) Muscle
D) Nerve

Question 5

Tissue with the ability to contract is:

A) Muscle
B) Nerve
C) Epidermis
D) Dermis

Question 6

There are four groups of tissues: connective,muscle,nervous,and:

A) Bone
B) Epithelial
C) Epidermis
D) Dermis

Question 7

How many types of muscle tissue are there?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 8

An example of a connective tissue is the:

A) Epidermis
B) Glands
C) Bone
D) Peritoneal membrane

Question 9

The major function of the skin is:

A) Heat production
B) Body image
C) Vitamin D production
D) Protection

Question 10

Homeostasis is defined as:

A) Man's challenge against remaining motionless
B) Stagnation of blood
C) The body's maintenance of a steady inner balance
D) Use of a tourniquet to stop bleeding

Question 11

Hematopoiesis is the process of:

A) Blood cell formation in the bone marrow
B) Red blood cell destruction
C) White blood cells fighting infection
D) Bleeding secondary to trauma

Question 12

The largest bone in the body is the:

A) Hip
B) Pelvis
C) Tibia
D) Femur

Question 13

The layer of skin in which hair follicles,nails,glands,sense receptors,and blood vessels originate is the:

A) Epidermis
B) Dermis
C) Subcutaneous
D) Muscle

Question 14

Examples of muscle tissue include all of the following except:

A) Striated
B) Subcutaneous
C) Smooth
D) Cardiac

Question 15

The major difference between an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland is that the exocrine gland secretes:

A) Into the lymph glands
B) Through a duct
C) Into the blood
D) Into the interstitial fluid

Question 16

The largest organ in the body is the:

A) Large intestine
B) Small intestine
C) Skin
D) Liver

Question 17

An example of a ball-and-socket joint is the:

A) Hip
B) Pelvis
C) Wrist
D) Elbow

Question 18

An osteocyte is a:

A) Bone destruction cell
B) Cell that prevents allergic reactions
C) Mature bone cell
D) New blood cell

Question 19

The function of vitamin D is:

A) Prevention of night blindness
B) Absorption of calcium and phosphorous
C) Protection against infection
D) Regulation of body temperature

Question 20

The function of melanin is to:

A) Provide skin color
B) Promote sleep
C) Regulate heat
D) Perceive pain

Question 21

The body's energy source is:

A) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
B) Chromoprotein
C) G-protein
D) Nucleoprotein

Question 22

Tendons assist in motion by:

A) Attaching muscle to bone
B) Attaching bone to bone
C) Providing protein
D) Supporting the skeleton

Question 23

The biceps muscle of the upper arm derives its name from its:

A) Location site
B) Action in two directions
C) Number of divisions
D) Origin and insertion sites

Question 24

A neurotransmitter is a chemical that:

A) Interprets information
B) Carries information to the cell
C) Transports impulses across the synapse
D) Initiates muscular activity

Question 25

The coordination of muscle movements,posture,and balance are functions of the:

A) Cerebrum
B) Midbrain
C) Cerebellum
D) Brain stem

Question 26

Approximately how many muscles are there in the human body?

A) 200
B) 400
C) 600
D) 800

Question 27

The diencephalon consists of the:

A) Thalamus and pituitary glands
B) Thalamus and hypothalamus glands
C) Pituitary and hypothalamus glands
D) Cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 28

The main processing area of the brain is the:

A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Midbrain
D) Brain stem

Question 29

The structure within a neuron responsible for carrying information to the cell body is the:

A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Axon terminal
D) Synapse

Question 30

The function of the osteoclast is to:

A) Form new bone
B) Promote bone marrow formation
C) Reabsorb bone cells
D) Provide space for bone marrow

Question 31

Another word for articulation is:

A) Rotation
B) Joint
C) Synovial
D) Sliding

Question 32

Muscle tissue has the ability to shorten and contract to provide motion because of the two proteins called:

A) C-reactive protein and amyloid
B) Bence-Jones and albumin
C) Glycoprotein and nucleoprotein
D) Actin and myosin

Question 33

The oblique muscles are located in the:

A) Abdomen
B) Chest
C) Back
D) Leg

Question 34

The central nervous system (CNS)includes the:

A) Peripheral nerves
B) Cranial nerves
C) Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
D) Brain and spinal cord

Question 35

The peripheral nervous system (PNS)includes the:

A) Midbrain and brain stem
B) Medulla oblongata and hypothalamus
C) Thalamus and pituitary glands
D) Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 36

The autonomic nervous system (ANS)is divided into the:

A) Cranial and spinal nerves
B) Somatic and motor divisions
C) Afferent and efferent sensory pathways
D) Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Question 37

The tibialis anterior is located in the:

A) Upper leg
B) Lower leg
C) Ankle
D) Foot

Question 38

The structure of the brain responsible for respiratory and heart function is the:

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Midbrain
C) Atlas portion of the cervical spinal cord
D) Cerebellum

Question 39

The protective connective tissue that surrounds the CNS is the:

A) Ventricles
B) Myelin sheath
C) Meninges
D) Papillae

Question 40

All of the following characteristics pertain to skeletal muscle except:

A) Voluntary control
B) Body motion
C) Bone attachment
D) Visceral contraction

Question 41

The major endocrine gland is the:

A) Pituitary
B) Adrenal
C) Thyroid
D) Parathyroid

Question 42

Metabolic rate is controlled by the:

A) Posterior pituitary gland
B) Thyroid gland
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Adrenal gland

Question 43

A lack of oxygen in the body is called:

A) Hypoxia
B) Hematology
C) Hematosis
D) Hemostasis

Question 44

The colored portion of the eye is the:

A) Cornea
B) Iris
C) Pupil
D) Retina

Question 45

The organ of hearing within the ear is the:

A) Cochlea
B) Incus
C) Stapes
D) Malleus

Question 46

The medical term for red blood cells is:

A) Thrombocytes
B) Leukocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Hemoglobin

Question 47

Blood calcium levels are under the control of the:

A) Thyroid gland
B) Adrenal gland
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Thymus gland

Question 48

The universal blood donor is blood type:

A) A Rh-negative
B) B Rh-negative
C) AB Rh-negative
D) O Rh-negative

Question 49

The "pump" of the heart is the:

A) Left atrium
B) Left ventricle
C) Superior vena cava
D) Thoracic aorta

Question 50

Blood flowing through the heart is prevented from backflow by:

A) Electrical stimulation
B) Cardiac contraction
C) Valves
D) Hormonal control

Question 51

The olfactory neurons provide us with our sense of:

A) Smell
B) Hearing
C) Vision
D) Taste

Question 52

The upper chamber of the heart is called the:

A) Atrium
B) Ventricle
C) Superior vena cava
D) Aorta

Question 53

Systole refers to:

A) Ventricular relaxation
B) Ventricular contraction
C) Pulse rate
D) Heart rate

Question 54

Diastole refers to:

A) Cardiac muscle relaxation
B) Cardiac muscle contraction
C) Pulse rate
D) Heart rate

Question 55

The "fight-or-flight" response to an emergency is activated by the:

A) Pineal gland
B) Parathyroid gland
C) Thyroid gland
D) Adrenal medulla

Question 56

Hematopoiesis is the formation of blood cells,which takes place in the:

A) Kidney
B) Liver
C) Spleen
D) Bone marrow

Question 57

The regulation of blood glucose levels is provided by the:

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thymus
D) Pineal

Question 58

The tympanic membrane of the ear is known as the:

A) Eustachian tube
B) Inner ear
C) Middle ear
D) Eardrum

Question 59

Oxygenated blood is transported through the body via:

A) Arterioles
B) Capillaries
C) Veins
D) Arteries

Question 60

The white lining of the eye is the:

A) Conjunctiva
B) Lens
C) Sclera
D) Choroid

Question 61

Within the respiratory system the actual exchange of O₂ and CO₂ occurs in the:

A) Alveoli
B) Bronchi
C) Bronchiole
D) Capillary system

Question 62

The body's ability to resist infection is known as:

A) Anti-allergic response
B) Sensitivity
C) Immunity
D) Antigenic activity

Question 63

If an individual develops measles following exposure,they will acquire:

A) Passive natural immunity
B) Passive artificial immunity
C) Active artificial immunity
D) Active natural immunity

Question 64

The main function of the lymphatic system is to:

A) Protect the body from disease
B) Assist in the flow of blood
C) Relieve swelling
D) Promote the production of red blood cells

Question 65

The absorption of nutrients occurs in the:

A) Stomach
B) Small intestine
C) Large intestine
D) Gall Bladder

Question 66

Sex cells are produced through the unique process of:

A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis
C) Zygosis
D) Osmosis

Question 67

The female ovum is produced in the:

A) Fallopian tube
B) Ovary
C) Endometrium
D) Uterus

Question 68

Urine passes from the kidneys to the bladder through the:

A) Urethra
B) Ureter
C) Glomerulus
D) Renal tubule

Question 69

The male hormone is:

A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Lactone

Question 70

The majority of digestive enzymes are manufactured in the:

A) Pancreas
B) Liver
C) Stomach
D) Mouth

Question 71

The universal blood receiver is blood type:

A) A Rh-positive
B) B Rh-positive
C) AB Rh-positive
D) O Rh-positive

Question 72

A(n)___________is a cell that provides the body with immunity.

Question 73

The process of urine formation takes place in the:

A) Renal pelvis
B) Bladder
C) Nephrons
D) Ureters

Question 74

The percentage of pure oxygen that we breathe is:

A) 10%
B) 21%
C) 54%
D) 85%

Question 75

The chemical digestion of fats occurs through the action of:

A) Amylase
B) Lipase
C) Bile
D) Chyme

Question 76

The female hormone is:

A) Estrogen
B) Testosterone
C) Androgen
D) Lactone

Question 77

The structure that connects the mouth to the stomach is the:

A) Larynx
B) Pharynx
C) Esophagus
D) Bronchus

Question 78

A(n)___________is a red blood cell.

Question 79

A(n)___________is a white blood cell.

Question 80

Male sperm is produced in the:

A) Scrotum
B) Testes
C) Prostate
D) Epididymis